Evaluation of intraocular pressure according to corneal thickness before and after excimer laser corneal ablation for myopia.

Intraocular pressure is affected by corneal thickness and biomechanics. Following ablative corneal refractive surgery, corneal structural changes occur. The purpose of the study is to determine the relationship between the mean central corneal thickness (CCT) and the change in intraocular pressure measurements following various corneal ablation techniques, using different measurement methods.

[The rate of development of myopia during hyperbaric oxygen therapy].

Background: Hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) is a common treatment both for emergency medicine as well as for chronic treatments. One of the most common indications for treatment is a non-healing wound due to diabetes. It is known that prolonged HBO treatments cause a myopic change in refraction.

Transient Horner syndrome following epidural anesthesia for labor: case report and review of the literature.

Unlabelled: Epidural anesthesia is a widely used method for pain control during labor; nevertheless, it is not without risks. Horner syndrome is an uncommon related complication. We report a case of transient Horner syndrome following epidural anesthesia and a review of the literature.

Fusarium keratitis acquired during travel to Namibia.

Fungal infections in travelers are rare. Fusariosis has recently become an important infection of immunocompromised patients. Herein, we describe the case of an immunocompetent traveler who contracted Fusarium keratitis while in Africa.

In vitro simulation of the first technique for non-invasive measurement of volumetric ophthalmic artery blood flow in humans.

Background And Objective: To evaluate the accuracy, reproducibility, and variability of volumetric flow measurements taken by color Doppler imaging ultrasound, using an in vitro "phantom" model to simulate the ophthalmic artery.

Materials And Methods: An agar flow phantom with two wall-less lumens was constructed to simulate the ophthalmic artery. Velocity and volumetric flow measurements were taken for various flow rates and ultrasound probe positions.

Mutations in C2ORF71 cause autosomal-recessive retinitis pigmentosa.

With a worldwide prevalence of 1 in 4,000, retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is the most common form of hereditary retinal degeneration. More than 30 genes and loci have been implicated in nonsyndromic autosomal-recessive (ar) RP. Genome-wide homozygosity mapping was conducted in one Dutch and one Israeli family affected by arRP.

Treatment of dry eye syndrome with orally administered CF101: data from a phase 2 clinical trial.

Objective: To explore the safety and efficacy of CF101, an A(3) adenosine receptor agonist, in patients with moderate to severe dry eye syndrome.

Design: Phase 2, multicenter, randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study.

Participants: Sixty-eight patients completed the study, 35 patients in the placebo group and 33 patients in the CF101 group.

Collagen cross-linking: Strengthening the unstable cornea.

Corneal ectasia, a weakening of corneal integrity, occurs both due to acquired and congenital conditions such as keratoconus. It is a progressing condition that affects both visual acuity, and corneal stability. Various methods exist for correcting this impairment, however none address the inherit pathology, an increase laxity of the corneal stroma.

[Ophthalmology in the Holy Land].

In this article the authors review the history of ophthalmology in the Holy Land in the era spanning from 1948 till nowadays. Although there is material concerning ophthalmology in the Holy Land, it is not well organized. Therefore, the authors considered it of utmost importance to gather all the material that exists regarding ophthalmology in the Holy Land.

Vision screening among northern Israeli Jewish and Arab schoolchildren.

Background: Uncorrected refractive error is the leading cause of visual impairment in children. In 2002 a screening project was launched in Israel to provide data on the effectiveness of the illiterate E-chart in identifying Jewish and Arab schoolchildren in need of a comprehensive eye examination.

Objectives: To present the aims, design and initial results of the visual screening project and the prevalence of vision abnormality in the study population.

Interobserver repeatability of heidelberg retinal flowmetry using pixel-by-pixel analysis.

Purpose: To determine the interobserver reproducibility of Heidelberg retinal flowmeter (HRF) blood flow measurements using independently selected study areas for pixel-by-pixel analysis.

Patients And Methods: Blood flow measurements were performed on 257 scans from 15 patients, 14 of whom had glaucoma or ocular hypertension. HRF was used to record capillary perfusion in a 2560x640 mum area of the supratemporal peripapillary region and pixel-by-pixel analysis was performed from an area adjacent to the optic disc with a minimum of 1600 pixels.

Genetic heterogeneity in two consanguineous families segregating early onset retinal degeneration: the pitfalls of homozygosity mapping.

Retinitis pigmentosa is the most common form of hereditary retinal degeneration, with a worldwide prevalence of 1 in 4,000. At least 28 genes and loci have been implicated in nonsyndromic autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa. Here we report two extended and highly consanguineous families segregating early onset retinitis pigmentosa.

[Ophthalmology in the Middle East from antiquity to the twentieth century].

This article reviews the history of ophthalmology in the Middle East in the era spanning from antiquity to the twentieth century. Although there is little material concerning ophthalmology in antiquity the authors strove to present the way people and healers overcome eye problems. Moreover, ophthalmology in middle ages was reviewed, with emphasis on the great role Arab and Muslim ophthalmologists had in developing eye care and ocular sciences.

Dye dependent differences in arteriovenous passage times: a comparison of indocyanine green and fluorescein sodium dye analysis.

Background And Objective: To evaluate the difference in arteriovenous passage time calculated from retinal angiograms using indocyanine green and fluorescein sodium dye in healthy individuals.

Patients And Methods: Examinations of eight healthy individuals (mean age +/- standard deviation: 27.3 +/- 4.

A novel splice-site mutation of TULP1 underlies severe early-onset retinitis pigmentosa in a consanguineous Israeli Muslim Arab family.

Purpose: To investigate the genetic basis for autosomal recessive severe early-onset retinitis pigmentosa (RP) in a consanguineous Israeli Muslim Arab family.

Methods: Haplotype analysis for all known genes underlying autosomal recessive RP was performed. Mutation screening of the underlying gene was done by direct sequencing.

The effect of latanoprost on ocular blood flow.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of latanoprost on ocular hemodynamics in healthy subjects.

Methods: In a randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled crossover study, 12 healthy subjects received either placebo or latanoprost for 4 weeks in one randomly chosen eye. Following a 4-week washout period, each patient received the opposite treatment.

A common founder mutation of CERKL underlies autosomal recessive retinal degeneration with early macular involvement among Yemenite Jews.

Purpose: To investigate the genetic basis and clinical manifestations of a characteristic form of retinal degeneration in the Yemenite Jewish population.

Methods: Haplotype analysis for all known genes and loci underlying autosomal recessive nonsyndromic retinal degeneration was performed in a Yemenite Jewish family segregating autosomal recessive severe retinal degeneration. The causative mutation was detected by direct sequencing of the underlying gene, and its prevalence in additional affected and unaffected Yemenite Jews was determined.

Pharmacologic therapies for diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular edema (DME) are leading causes of blindness in the working-aged population of most developed countries. The increasing number of persons with diabetes worldwide suggests that DR/DME will continue to be major contributors to vision loss and associated functional impairment for years to come. Early detection of retinopathy in persons with diabetes is critical in preventing visual loss, but current methods of screening fail to identify a sizable number of high-risk patients.

Laser ablation in eyes with congenital nystagmus.

Purpose: To report photorefractive keratectomy and LASIK for the correction of myopia in eyes with congenital nystagmus.

Methods: Photorefractive keratectomy was performed in one eye and LASIK performed in eight eyes of five adult patients (three men and two women) with congenital nystagmus. Mean patient age was 34 years.

Pulsatile ocular blood flow: relationship with flow velocities in vessels supplying the retina and choroid.

Background: Although ocular tonography measures a pulsatile component of the ocular perfusion, the retinal and/or choroidal components of this pulsatile flow remain undefined.

Aim: To compare ocular tonography with the assessment of flow velocities in arteries supplying the retina, choroid and entire orbit.

Methods: 22 normal eyes from 11 subjects were studied.

Relationship of cerebral blood flow and central visual function in primary open-angle glaucoma.

Purpose: To investigate the relations between middle cerebral artery (MCA) blood flow velocities and central visual function measured by foveal cone electroretinograms (ERG) and visual field.

Methods: Fifteen primary open-angle glaucoma patients were recruited. The eye with the more severe visual field defect (full threshold 24-2) and/or optic disc damage was chosen.

The effects of droperidol in perforating keratoplasty.

Purpose: To evaluate the intraoperative and postoperative effects of droperidol administered with general anesthesia during perforating keratoplasty.

Methods: A prospective, randomized, double-masked clinical trial. Twenty-seven patients undergoing penetrating keratoplasty under general anesthesia were included.

Reactivation of ocular toxoplasmosis after LASIK.

Purpose: To report a reactivation of ocular toxoplasmosis after LASIK.

Methods: Case report of a 34-year-old man who underwent bilateral LASIK. The posterior segment examination revealed an old toxoplasmosis scar in the retinal periphery of the right eye.