Person-centered care as a tool to reduce behavioral and psychological symptoms in older adults with dementia living in residential care facilities.

Among older adults living in dementia residential care facilities (RCF) behavioral and psychological symptoms (BPSD) are common, affecting the quality of life (QOL) for the residents as well as being challenging for the staff. The person-centered care (PCC) approach addresses BPSD by giving trained staff mandate to focus on the relation and to adapt the encounter and the environment to increase QoL for the person with dementia. The aims with this study were to improve PCC, decrease BPSD and improve QOL among older persons with dementia living in RCFs, and to explore leaders' and healthcare staff's experiences of a PCC intervention.

Attrition in the Gothenburg H70 birth cohort studies, an 18-year follow-up of the 1930 cohort.

Background: Longitudinal studies are essential to understand the ageing process, and risk factors and consequences for disorders, but attrition may cause selection bias and impact generalizability. We describe the 1930 cohort of the Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies, followed from age 70 to 88, and compare baseline characteristics for those who continue participation with those who die, refuse, and drop out for any reason during follow-up.

Methods: A population-based sample born 1930 was examined with comprehensive assessments at age 70 ( = 524).

Recovering from physical trauma in late life, a struggle to recapture autonomy: A grounded theory study.

Aim: The study aimed to explore the experiences of care and recovery among older patients treated for physical trauma.

Design: A qualitative study with a constructivist grounded theory design.

Methods: Fifteen in-depth interviews with older adults recovering from physical trauma were conducted and analysed between 2019 and 2023, in accordance with grounded theory methodology.

The effect of alcohol consumption on all-cause mortality in 70-year-olds in the context of other lifestyle risk factors: results from the Gothenburg H70 birth cohort study.

Background: In this study, we examined the effect of alcohol, as well as the combined effect of seven lifestyle factors, on all-cause mortality in older adults (baseline age 70 years).

Methods: Data was derived from the population-based Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort study, including 1124 participants from the 2014-16 examination. Risk consumption was defined as  > 98 g alcohol per week, and hazardous drinking was based on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption questionnaire (AUDIT-C).

Vision-related quality of life among 70-year-olds diagnosed with glaucoma.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of glaucoma on vision-related quality of life (VRQoL), lifestyle, physical factors and socioeconomic status in a 70-year-old population in Gothenburg, Sweden.

Methods: Responses to questionnaires (N = 1182) between groups with and without self-reported glaucoma were analysed. Questionnaires included National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25), Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), physical activity, socioeconomics, alcohol and tobacco consumption.

The prevalence of glaucoma in a 70-year-old Swedish population in the city area of Gothenburg.

Purpose: To determine the prevalence of and risk factors for open-angle glaucoma in a population of 70-year-olds in Gothenburg, Sweden and to compare the visual function between the glaucoma population and the non-glaucoma population.

Methods: Of the entire cohort (n = 1203), 1182 participants responded a questionnaire on self-reported glaucoma and were tested for blood pressure (BP) and diabetes. In all, 560 participants underwent ophthalmic examination including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), central corneal thickness (CCT), contrast sensitivity (CS), perimetry and photos of the retina and lens.

Alcohol use and drinking patterns in Swedish 85 year olds born three decades apart - findings from the Gothenburg H70 study.

Background: Little is known about alcohol consumption among the oldest old.

Objective: To compare alcohol use and drinking patterns among 85 year olds born three decades apart.

Design: Cross-sectional.

The Association Between the Clinical Frailty Scale and Adverse Health Outcomes in Older Adults in Acute Clinical Settings - A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Background: Frail older adults experience higher rates of adverse health outcomes. Therefore, assessing pre-hospital frailty early in the course of care is essential to identify the most vulnerable patients and determine their risk of deterioration. The Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) is a frailty assessment tool that evaluates pre-hospital mobility, energy, physical activity, and function to generate a score that ranges from very fit to terminally ill.

Decreasing Incidence and Prevalence of Dementia Among Octogenarians: A Population-Based Study on 3 Cohorts Born 30 Years Apart.

Background: Recent studies suggest a decline in the age-specific incidence and prevalence of dementia. However, results are mixed regarding trends among octogenarians. We investigated time trends in the prevalence and incidence of dementia in 3 population-based cohorts of 85-90-year olds.

Pseudophakia and Lens Opacities in 70-Year-Olds in Gothenburg, Sweden; Gender Differences, Impact on Self-Reported Visual Function and Validation of Self-Reported Cataract and Pseudophakia.

Purpose: The study aimed at determining the prevalence and sex differences in cataract, pseudophakia, lens opacities and self-reported cataract in 70-year-old people in Gothenburg, Sweden. The purpose was also to identify correlations between lens opacities, visual acuity and subjective visual function, and to validate self-reported cataract and cataract surgery.

Patients And Methods: Population-based cross-sectional study where participants (n=1182) answered questions about self-reported diagnosis of cataract and cataract surgery.

Patterns of Alcohol Consumption and Associated Factors in a Population-Based Sample of 70-Year-Olds: Data from the Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Study 2014-16.

Older adults of today consume more alcohol, yet knowledge about the factors associated with different consumption levels is limited in this age group. Based on the data from a population-based sample (n = 1156, 539 men and 617 women) in The Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Study 2014−16, we examined sociodemographic, social, and health-related factors associated with alcohol consumption levels in 70-year-olds, using logistic regression. Total weekly alcohol intake was calculated based on the self-reported amount of alcohol consumed.

Time trends in depression prevalence among Swedish 85-year-olds: repeated cross-sectional population-based studies in 1986, 2008, and 2015.

Background: Octogenarians of today are better educated, and physically and cognitively healthier, than earlier born cohorts. Less is known about time trends in mental health in this age group. We aimed to study time trends in the prevalence of depression and psychotropic drug use among Swedish 85-year-olds.

Comparison of the 2010 and 2019 diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) in two cohorts of Swedish older adults.

Background: The operational definition of sarcopenia has been updated (EWGSOP2) and apply different cut-off points compared to previous criteria (EWGSOP1). Therefore, we aim to compare the sarcopenia prevalence and the association with mortality and dependence in activities of daily living using the 2010 (EWGSOP1 and 2019 (EWGSOP2 operational definition, applying cut-offs at two levels using T-scores.

Methods: Two birth cohorts, 70 and 85-years-old (n = 884 and n = 157, respectively), were assessed cross-sectionally (57% women).

Dizziness and health-related quality of life among older adults in an urban population: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Dizziness is a common complaint among older adults and may affect quality of life in a negative way. The aim of this study was to assess health-related quality of life (HRQL), sense of coherence (SOC), self-rated health (SRH) and comorbidity in relation to dizziness, among older persons from an urban population.

Methods: The study is part of the Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies (H70).

Activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) disability in Swedish 85-year-olds born three decades apart-findings from the H70 study.

Objective: Older adults make up the fastest growing segment of the population, and disability rates increase with age. There is much debate whether later born cohorts of 85-year-olds will face the same disability rates as earlier born cohorts. This study aimed to examine ADL and IADL disability in three birth cohorts of Swedish 85-year-olds born three decades apart, examined in 1986-87, 2008-10 and 2015-16, as well as potential factors associated with ADL and IADL disability in these birth-cohorts.

Dementia remains the major predictor of death among octogenarians. A study of two population cohorts of 85-year-olds examined 22 years apart.

Dementia is the major predictor of death in old age. The aim of this paper was to determine whether 8-year mortality among 85-year olds with and without dementia, and if the contribution of dementia to mortality relative to other common diseases has changed. We used two population-based cohorts of 85-year-olds (N = 1065), born in 1901-02 and 1923-24, which were examined with identical methods in 1986-87 and 2008-2010 and followed for 8-year mortality according to data from the Swedish Tax Agency.

Self-perceived functional ability and performance-based testing of physical function in older women with or without long-term back pain - results of the H70 study.

Background: The proportion of older adults is increasing rapidly, and the majority are female. In 2050, the number of persons aged 60 years and over is estimated to reach 2.1 billion worldwide, constituting one-third of the total population of Europe.

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, dizziness, and health-related quality of life among older adults in a population-based setting.

Purpose: Dizziness may affect quality of life in a negative way and contribute to falls. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare 75 years old with dizziness caused by benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) to those with general dizziness/impaired balance (non-BPPV related) and to those reporting no dizziness, regarding health-related quality of life (HRQL), falls, tiredness, and walking speed in a population-based setting.

Method: A cross-sectional population-based sample, including 671 75 years old (398 women, 273 men), was investigated for BPPV, dizziness symptoms, falls, and walking speed.

Vision-related quality of life and visual function in a 70-year-old Swedish population.

Purpose: To investigate vision-related quality of life (VRQoL), visual function and predictors of poor vision in a population of 70-year-olds.

Methods: Self-reported ocular morbidity and responses to the National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire-25 (NEI VFQ-25) in a cross-sectional population study (N = 1203) in Gothenburg, Sweden, were compared with results from ophthalmic examination (N = 560).

Results: The most common self-reported ophthalmic morbidities were cataract (23.

Internet use and self-rated health among Swedish 70-year-olds: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The Internet is increasingly becoming an infrastructure for a number of services, both commercial, public (including health related) and personal. Using the internet have the potential to promote social interaction and social connectedness by upholding social networks and social contacts. However, Internet use is lower in older adults compared to other age groups.

Was it worth it? Older adults' experiences of participating in a population-based cohort study - a focus group study.

Background: At present, we know relatively little about priorities and problems with topics that older adults experience when completing different examinations in longitudinal population-based studies. To examine these topics, research must be adapted to investigate the meanings, motivations, and interpretations of the individual participants themselves. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore older adults' motives, understandings and experiences regarding participating in the Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies (the H-70 study).

Agreement between self-reports, proxy-reports and the National Patient Register regarding diagnoses of cardiovascular disorders and diabetes mellitus in a population-based sample of 80-year-olds.

Background: cognitive impairment is common among older adults, necessitating the use of collateral sources in epidemiological studies involving this age group. The objective of this study was to evaluate agreement between self- and proxy-reports of cardiovascular disorders and diabetes mellitus in a population-based sample of 80-year-olds. Further, both self- and proxy-reports were compared with hospital register data.