Cap-assisted clip closure of large esophageal perforations caused by a duodenoscope during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (with video).

Background/aims: Esophageal perforation is a rare complication of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and the perforation is usually too large to close with endoclips. We developed an endoscopic procedure for the perforations.

Methods: A gastroscope fitted with a cap was inserted into the esophagus to perform the clip closure.

Establishing a rabbit model of malignant esophagostenosis using the endoscopic implantation technique for studies on stent innovation.

Background: Stents are recommended in patients with dysphagia caused by esophageal stricture, but an ideal stent does not currently exist. Thus, studies on new esophageal stents are necessary, and suitable animal models are desperately needed for these studies. The aim of this study was to establish a model of malignant esophageal stricture in rabbit for studies on stent innovation.

Comparison of endoscopic submucosal implantation vs. surgical intramuscular implantation of VX2 fragments for establishing a rabbit esophageal tumor model for mimicking human esophageal squamous carcinoma.

Purpose: This study was undertaken to establish a rabbit esophageal tumor model for mimicking human esophageal squamous carcinoma (ESC) by endoscopic and surgical implantation of VX2 tumors.

Methods: Fragments of a VX2 tumour were endoscopically implanted in the submucosal layer of the thoracic esophagus of 32 New Zealand white rabbits, while 34 animals received surgical implantation into the muscular layer. Then, the animals were studied endoscopically and pathologically.

[The impact of early hypoxemia on the prognosis of patients undergone general anesthesia patients in intensive care unit].

Objective: To form the strategy of prevention of postoperative pulmonary complication, investigate the incidence of early hypoxemia after general anesthesia for surgery in intensive care unit (ICU), and assess its impact on the prognosis of patients.

Methods: Clinical data of patients who were directed transferred to ICU after general anesthesia for selective surgery during October 2011 to June 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. According to the oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2) obtained in 1 hour after ICU admission, patients were divided into three groups, normal blood oxygen level (n=134, PaO2/FiO2>300 mm Hg, 1 mm Hg=0.