Site- and electroencephalogram-frequency-specific effects of 800-nm prefrontal transcranial photobiomodulation on electroencephalogram global network topology in young adults.

Significance: Transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) is an optical intervention that effectively enhances human cognition. However, limited studies have reported the effects of tPBM on electrophysiological brain networks.

Aim: We aimed to investigate the site- and electroencephalogram (EEG)-frequency-specific effects of 800-nm prefrontal tPBM on the EEG global network topology of the human brain, so a better understanding of how tPBM alters EEG brain networks can be achieved.

Vertex-Oriented Method for Polyhedral Reconstruction of 3D Buildings Using OpenStreetMap.

This work presents the mathematical definition and programming considerations of an efficient geometric algorithm used to add roofs to polyhedral 3D building models obtained from OpenStreetMap. The algorithm covers numerous roof shapes, including some well-defined shapes that lack an explicit reconstruction theory. These shapes include gabled, hipped, pyramidal, skillion, half-hipped, gambrel, and mansard.

Transcranial low-level laser stimulation in the near-infrared-II region (1064 nm) for brain safety in healthy humans.

Background: The use of near-infrared lasers for transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) offers a non-invasive method for influencing brain activity and is beneficial for various neurological conditions. However, comprehensive quantitative studies on its safety are lacking.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the safety of 1064-nm laser-based tPBM across brain structure, brain function, neural damage, cognitive ability and tolerance.

Preventive effects of transcranial photobiomodulation on epileptogenesis in a kainic acid-induced rat epilepsy model.

Objective: Temporal lobe epilepsy affects nearly 50 million people worldwide and is a major burden to families and society. A significant portion of patients are living in developing countries with limited access to therapeutic resources. This highlights the urgent need to develop more readily available, noninvasive treatments for seizure control.

Simultaneous MEG and EEG source imaging of electrophysiological activity in response to acute transcranial photobiomodulation.

Introduction: Transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) is a non-invasive neuromodulation technique that improves human cognition. The effects of tPBM of the right forehead on neurophysiological activity have been previously investigated using EEG in sensor space. However, the spatial resolution of these studies is limited.

Directed physiological networks in the human prefrontal cortex at rest and post transcranial photobiomodulation.

Cerebral infra-slow oscillation (ISO) is a source of vasomotion in endogenic (E; 0.005-0.02 Hz), neurogenic (N; 0.

Neurovascular coupling in the attention during visual working memory processes.

Focusing attention in visual working memory (vWM) depends on the ability to filter distractors and expand the scope of targets. Although many properties of attention processes in vWM have been well documented, it remains unclear how the mechanisms of neurovascular coupling (NVC) function during attention processes in vWM. Here, we show simultaneous multimodal data that reveal the similar temporal and spatial features of attention processes during vWM.

Unilateral Mitochondrial-Hemodynamic Coupling and Bilateral Connectivity in the Prefrontal Cortices of Young and Older Healthy Adults.

A recent study demonstrated that noninvasive measurements of cortical hemodynamics and metabolism in the resting human prefrontal cortex can facilitate quantitative metrics of unilateral mitochondrial-hemodynamic coupling and bilateral connectivity in infraslow oscillation frequencies in young adults. The infraslow oscillation includes three distinct vasomotions with endogenic (E), neurogenic (N), and myogenic (M) frequency bands. The goal of this study was to prove the hypothesis that there are significant differences between young and older adults in the unilateral coupling (uCOP) and bilateral connectivity (bCON) in the prefrontal cortex.

Temporal and spectral analyses of EEG microstate reveals neural effects of transcranial photobiomodulation on the resting brain.

Introduction: The quantification of electroencephalography (EEG) microstates is an effective method for analyzing synchronous neural firing and assessing the temporal dynamics of the resting state of the human brain. Transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) is a safe and effective modality to improve human cognition. However, it is unclear how prefrontal tPBM neuromodulates EEG microstates both temporally and spectrally.

Directed physiological networks in the human prefrontal cortex at rest and post transcranial photobiomodulation.

Cerebral infra-slow oscillation (ISO) is a source of vasomotion in endogenic (E; 0.005-0.02 Hz), neurogenic (N; 0.

Repeated Transcranial Photobiomodulation with Light-Emitting Diodes Improves Psychomotor Vigilance and EEG Networks of the Human Brain.

Transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) has been suggested as a non-invasive neuromodulation tool. The repetitive administration of light-emitting diode (LED)-based tPBM for several weeks significantly improves human cognition. To understand the electrophysiological effects of LED-tPBM on the human brain, we investigated alterations by repeated tPBM in vigilance performance and brain networks using electroencephalography (EEG) in healthy participants.

Evaluation of neurovascular coupling during neuroprotective therapies: A single site HEAL ancillary study.

Background: There is a critical need for development of physiological biomarkers in infants with birth asphyxia to identify the physiologic response to therapies in real time. This is an ancillary single site study of the High-Dose Erythropoietin for Asphyxia and Encephalopathy (Wu et al., 2022 [1]) to measure neurovascular coupling (NVC) non-invasively during an ongoing blinded randomized trial.

Recent Mechanisms of Neurodegeneration and Photobiomodulation in the Context of Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease and the world's primary cause of dementia, a condition characterized by significant progressive declines in memory and intellectual capacities. While dementia is the main symptom of Alzheimer's, the disease presents with many other debilitating symptoms, and currently, there is no known treatment exists to stop its irreversible progression or cure the disease. Photobiomodulation has emerged as a very promising treatment for improving brain function, using light in the range from red to the near-infrared spectrum depending on the application, tissue penetration, and density of the target area.

Site-specific effects of 800- and 850-nm forehead transcranial photobiomodulation on prefrontal bilateral connectivity and unilateral coupling in young adults.

Significance: Transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) is a noninvasive neuromodulation method that facilitates the improvement of human cognition. However, limited information is available in the literature on the wavelength- and site-specific effects of prefrontal tPBM. Moreover, 2-channel broadband near-infrared spectroscopy (2-bbNIRS) is a new approach for quantifying infra-slow oscillations (ISO; 0.

Transcranial photobiomodulation enhances visual working memory capacity in humans.

Transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) is a safe and noninvasive intervention that has shown promise for improving cognitive performance. Whether tPBM can modulate brain activity and thereby enhance working memory (WM) capacity in humans remains unclear. In this study, we found that 1064-nm tPBM applied to the right prefrontal cortex (PFC) improves visual working memory capacity and increases occipitoparietal contralateral delay activity (CDA).

Frequency-specific electrogastrography as a non-invasive tool to measure gastrointestinal maturity in preterm infants.

Enteral feeding is challenging in preterm infants because of gastrointestinal (GI) immaturity. Electrogastrography (EGG) is a non-invasive technology that measures gastric myoelectrical activity and can be utilized to measure changes that occur with maturation at different gestational ages (GA). Three gastric rhythms (GR) exist between 0.

Neuromodulation of brain power topography and network topology by prefrontal transcranial photobiomodulation.

Transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) has shown promising benefits, including cognitive improvement, in healthy humans and in patients with Alzheimer's disease. In this study, we aimed to identify key cortical regions that present significant changes caused by tPBM in the electroencephalogram (EEG) oscillation powers and functional connectivity in the healthy human brain..

Repeated transcranial photobiomodulation improves working memory of healthy older adults: behavioral outcomes of poststimulation including a three-week follow-up.

Significance: Decline in cognitive ability is a significant issue associated with healthy aging. Transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) is an emerging non-invasive neuromodulation technique and has shown promise to overcome this challenge.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effects of seven-day repeated tPBM, compared to those of single tPBM and baseline, on improving -back working memory in healthy older adults and to evaluate the persistent efficacy of repeated tPBM.

Prefrontal cortical connectivity and coupling of infraslow oscillation in the resting human brain: a 2-channel broadband NIRS study.

The resting-state infraslow oscillation (ISO) of the cerebral cortex reflects the neurophysiological state of the human brain. ISO results from distinct vasomotion with endogenic (E), neurogenic (N), and myogenic (M) frequency bands. Quantification of prefrontal ISO in cortical hemodynamics and metabolism in the resting human brain may facilitate the identification of objective features that are characteristic of certain brain disorders.

Mapping and understanding of correlated electroencephalogram (EEG) responses to the newsvendor problem.

Decision-making is one of the most critical activities of human beings. To better understand the underlying neurocognitive mechanism while making decisions under an economic context, we designed a decision-making paradigm based on the newsvendor problem (NP) with two scenarios: low-profit margins as the more challenging scenario and high-profit margins as the less difficult one. The EEG signals were acquired from healthy humans while subjects were performing the task.

Feasibility of EEG Phase-Amplitude Coupling to Stratify Encephalopathy Severity in Neonatal HIE Using Short Time Window.

Goal: It is challenging to clinically discern the severity of neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) within hours after birth in time for therapeutic decision-making for hypothermia. The goal of this study was to determine the shortest duration of the EEG based PAC index to provide real-time guidance for clinical decision-making for neonates with HIE. Methods: Neonates were recruited from a single-center Level III NICU between 2017 and 2019.