Chaos-enhanced manganese electrolysis: nodule suppression and improved efficiency using controllable chaotic electrical signals.

The control and industrial application of chaotic systems is a major obstacle limiting the diffusion of chaos theory. In this study, we proposed a novel, universally applicable methodology for constructing an offset boosting function for chaotic systems. By integrating this approach with traditional techniques, a four-dimensional chaotic system with two-dimensional offset boosting was developed and successfully implemented by a real chaotic circuit for manganese metal electrolysis, replacing conventional DC.

Iron separation from iron-rich manganese ore leachate: Comprehensive optimization of operating parameters and economic viability.

In the current electrolytic manganese industry, iron separation and reuse from iron-rich manganese ore leachate (IRMOL) has become one of the most pressing challenges. This study aimed to investigate the optimal conditions for iron separation from IRMOL and to assess the economic and practical advantages of iron separation or removal in industrial manufacturing. To identify more cost-effective and technologically advanced production circumstances, we examined five key elements that weaken Fe(OH) colloidal production conditions in enterprises: reaction temperature, pH, crystal species, aging and reaction time.