Postoperative Staphylococcus aureus Infections in Patients With and Without Preoperative Colonization.

Importance: Staphylococcus aureus surgical site infections (SSIs) and bloodstream infections (BSIs) are important complications of surgical procedures for which prevention remains suboptimal. Contemporary data on the incidence of and etiologic factors for these infections are needed to support the development of improved preventive strategies.

Objectives: To assess the occurrence of postoperative S aureus SSIs and BSIs and quantify its association with patient-related and contextual factors.

Tazemetostat synergistically combats multidrug resistance by the unique triple inhibition of ABCB1, ABCC1, and ABCG2 efflux transporters in vitro and ex vivo.

ATP-binding cassette (ABC) drug efflux transporters and drug metabolizing enzymes play crucial roles in pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions and multidrug tumor resistance (MDR). Tazemetostat (EPZ-6438, Tazverik) is a novel epigenetic drug that has been recently approved for the therapy of advanced epithelioid sarcoma and follicular lymphoma. Additionally, this medication is currently being clinically tested to treat several other cancers such as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Therapeutic effect of lymphography in the postoperative chylothorax - case reports and literature review.

Postoperative chylothorax is a well-known rare complication of thoracic surgery. It is a serious complication that is fatal in cases of inadequate treatment. The authors present 2 cases of postoperative chylothorax that were successfully treated by performing pedal and/or intranodal lymphography.

Chylothorax treatment with thoracic duct embolization.

The authors present a case of a patient with non-traumatic right-sided chylothorax which was successfully treated by thoracic duct embolization. The procedure was performed through the cisterna chyli which was visualised by intranodal lymphography. The coils and acrylic tissue glues were used for embolization.

Encorafenib Acts as a Dual-Activity Chemosensitizer through Its Inhibitory Effect on ABCC1 Transporter In Vitro and Ex Vivo.

Encorafenib (LGX818, trade name Braftovi), a novel BRAF inhibitor, has been approved for the treatment of melanoma and colorectal cancer. In the present work, we evaluated encorafenib's possible antagonistic effects on the pharmacokinetic mechanisms of multidrug resistance (MDR), as well as its perpetrator role in drug interactions. Firstly, encorafenib potently inhibited the efflux function of the ABCC1 transporter in drug accumulation assays, while moderate and null interaction levels were recorded for ABCB1 and ABCG2, respectively.

Talazoparib Does Not Interact with ABCB1 Transporter or Cytochrome P450s, but Modulates Multidrug Resistance Mediated by ABCC1 and ABCG2: An in Vitro and Ex Vivo Study.

Talazoparib (Talzenna) is a novel poly (adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor that is clinically used for the therapy of breast cancer. Furthermore, the drug has shown antitumor activity against different cancer types, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this work, we investigated the possible inhibitory interactions of talazoparib toward selected ATP-binding cassette (ABC) drug efflux transporters and cytochrome P450 biotransformation enzymes (CYPs) and evaluated its position in multidrug resistance (MDR).

Surgical treatment of primary cardiac tumors: 20-year single center experience.

Introduction: Primary cardiac tumors are a rare condition presenting with a variety of symptoms. The outcomes of their surgical treatment in the modern era from central Europe have not been recently reported.

Aim: To evaluate the short- and long-term outcomes of the cardiac tumor operations at our department throughout the last 20 years.

Sonidegib potentiates the cancer cells' sensitivity to cytostatic agents by functional inhibition of ABCB1 and ABCG2 in vitro and ex vivo.

Sonidegib (LDE-225) is a Hedgehog pathway inhibitor used for the therapy of basal cell carcinoma. In addition, the drug is a subject of clinical trials for the treatment of other solid tumors including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this study, we explored the potential of sonidegib to act as a perpetrator of drug-drug interactions (DDIs) and modulator of transporter- and enzyme-mediated multidrug resistance (MDR).

Tepotinib Inhibits Several Drug Efflux Transporters and Biotransformation Enzymes: The Role in Drug-Drug Interactions and Targeting Cytostatic Resistance In Vitro and Ex Vivo.

Tepotinib is a novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor recently approved for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this study, we evaluated the tepotinib's potential to perpetrate pharmacokinetic drug interactions and modulate multidrug resistance (MDR). Accumulation studies showed that tepotinib potently inhibits ABCB1 and ABCG2 efflux transporters, which was confirmed by molecular docking.

Electron ptychography achieves atomic-resolution limits set by lattice vibrations.

Transmission electron microscopes use electrons with wavelengths of a few picometers, potentially capable of imaging individual atoms in solids at a resolution ultimately set by the intrinsic size of an atom. However, owing to lens aberrations and multiple scattering of electrons in the sample, the image resolution is reduced by a factor of 3 to 10. By inversely solving the multiple scattering problem and overcoming the electron-probe aberrations using electron ptychography, we demonstrate an instrumental blurring of less than 20 picometers and a linear phase response in thick samples.

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation managed by VATS lobectomy.

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM) is formed by abnormal connections between pulmonary arteries and veins that bypass the pulmonary capillaries and transport deoxygenated blood through pulmonary veins to the left heart. This causes insufficient oxygenation of blood in the lungs. This condition remains symptomless for a long period of time.

Ferroelectric Domain Walls in PbTiO Are Effective Regulators of Heat Flow at Room Temperature.

Achieving efficient spatial modulation of phonon transmission is an essential step on the path to phononic circuits using "phonon currents". With their intrinsic and reconfigurable interfaces, domain walls (DWs), ferroelectrics are alluring candidates to be harnessed as dynamic heat modulators. This paper reports the thermal conductivity of single-crystal PbTiO thin films over a wide variety of epitaxial-strain-engineered ferroelectric domain configurations.

Uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery lobectomy: a consensus report from the Uniportal VATS Interest Group (UVIG) of the European Society of Thoracic Surgeons (ESTS).

Objectives: Our goal was to report the results of the first consensus paper among international experts in uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (UniVATS) lobectomy obtained through a Delphi process, the objective of which was to define and standardize the main procedural steps, optimize its indications and perioperative management and identify elements to assist in future training.

Methods: The 40 members of the working group were convened and organized on a voluntary basis by the Uniportal VATS Interest Group (UVIG) of the European Society of Thoracic Surgeons (ESTS). An e-consensus finding exercise using the Delphi method was applied to require 75% agreement for reaching consensus on each question.

[Chest drain injury of the heart].

Introduction: Injury to the heart during chest drainage is a very rare but potentially fatal complication of the procedure.

Case Report: A 56-year-old, polymorbid, poorly co-operative and extremely obese patient with chronic cardiac subcompensation and pleural effusion was admitted to a district hospital. A drain was inserted into the left pleural cavity in order to evacuate the pleural effusion.

Castlemans disease - surgical treatment, case reports.

The authors describe their experience with surgical treatment of benign rare lymph proliferation - Castlemans disease (CD). It occurs in unicentric and multicentric forms. The very low incidence of the disease makes it very difficult to design larger prospective studies.

Leaching of the Neonicotinoids Thiamethoxam and Imidacloprid from Sugar Beet Seed Dressings to Subsurface Tile Drains.

Pesticide transport from seed dressings toward subsurface tile drains is still poorly understood. We monitored the neonicotinoid insecticides imidacloprid and thiamethoxam from sugar beet seed dressings in flow-proportional drainage water samples, together with spray applications of bromide and the herbicide S-metolachlor in spring and the fungicides epoxiconazole and kresoxim-methyl in summer. Event-driven, high first concentration maxima up to 2830 and 1290 ng/L for thiamethoxam and imidacloprid, respectively, were followed by an extended period of tailing and suggested preferential flow.

[Treatment of 14 cases of Castlemans disease: the experience of one centre and an overview of literature].

Castlemans disease is the term for reactive lymphocytary and plasmocytary proliferation which occurs in the unicentric (localized) form, usually without systemic symptoms, or in the generalized/multicentric form, typically with systemic symptoms (www.vzacne-diagnozy.cz).

[PET-CT documented remission of multicentric Castleman disease after treatment with rituximab: case report and review].

We describe a case of multicentric Castleman disease with generalized lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly, accompanied by typical B symptoms - loss of 15 kg, fever of non-infectious origin, night sweats, symptoms of anemia. Histological examination of the nodes with the highest accumulation of fluorodeoxyglucose, taken from mediastinum by thoracoscopy, revealed plasmocellular type of Castleman disease. Tests for HIV and human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) were negative.

[PET-CT documented fast onset of treatment response to cyclophosphamide, thalidomide and dexamethasone in patients with multicentric Castlemans disease. Case description and treatment information overview].

Castlemans disease (also called angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia) can take two forms with different prognosis: the localized form can usually be treated by a surgical intervention and has therefore a favourable prognosis. On the other hand, the multicentric form has an unfavourable prognosis and requires systemic treatment. Classic manifestations of multicentric Castlemans disease are multiple sites of lymphadenopathy, sometimes hepatomegaly and also splenomegaly or serous cavity effusions.

[The role of PET-CT in decision making on the treatment of localized nodular form of pulmonary AL-amyloidosis].

Depending on the extent of organism affected, there is a systemic (amyloid is deposited in the interstitial space of multiple tissues and organs) and localized (amyloid is deposited in one or a few solitary lesions) form of amyloidosis. Localized forms of amyloidosis have a significantly better prognosis than the systemic ones. The respiratory tract might be affected by diffuse interstitial involvement, associated with systemic AL-amyloidosis, as well as localised involvement of respiratory tract (localised laryngotracheobronchial amyloidosis) or pulmonary parenchyma called nodular form of localized pulmonary amyloidosis.

[Amyand's hernia -- a rare cause of acute abdomen].

Background: Amyand's hernia is a rare condition in which the appendix is positioned in the inguinal hernia sac. Acute appendicitis in this situation is a extremely rare and only a few reports are found in the literature.

Methods: Case report

Results And Conclusion: We report a case of acute gangrenous appendicitis with the perforation at the tip of the appendix, which was incarcerated in the right groin.