Ca2+- and Zn2+-dependent nucleases co-participate in nuclear DNA degradation during programmed cell death in secretory cavity development in Citrus fruits.

Calcium (Ca2+)- and zinc Zn2+-dependent nucleases play pivotal roles in plant nuclear DNA degradation in programmed cell death (PCD). However, the mechanisms by which these two nucleases co-participate in PCD-associated nuclear DNA degradation remain unclear. Here, the spatiotemporal expression patterns of two nucleases (CrCAN and CrENDO1) were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively during PCD in secretory cavity formation in Citrus reticulata 'Chachi' fruits.

Involvement of Vacuolar Processing Enzyme CgVPE1 in Vacuole Rupture in the Programmed Cell Death during the Development of the Secretory Cavity in 'Tomentosa' Fruits.

Vacuolar processing enzymes (VPEs) with caspase-1-like activity are closely associated with vacuole rupture. The destruction of vacuoles is one of the characteristics of programmed cell death (PCD) in plants. However, whether VPE is involved in the vacuole destruction of cells during secretory cavity formation in plants remains unclear.

Transcriptional regulations of pollen tube reception are associated with the fertility of the ginger species .

and are economically valuable species in the genus . While is sexually active, adopts clonal propagation, although it has the potential for sexual reproduction. It is unclear so far at which step during the sexual reproduction of inhibition occurs, and what are the regulatory mechanisms underlying this inhibition.

Transcriptome and Metabolome Analyses Provide Insights into the Flavonoid Accumulation in Peels of 'Chachi'.

The quality of Chinese medicinal materials depends on the content of bioactive components, which are affected by the environmental factors of different planting regions. In this research, integrated analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome of 'Chachi' was performed in two regions, and three orchards were included in the analysis. In total, only 192 compounds were found in fresh peels, and among 18 differentially accumulated flavonoid metabolites, 15 flavonoids were enriched in peels from the Xinhui planting region.

Individualized pharmaceutical care for a patient after pancreaticoduodenectomy with trypsin replacement nutritional therapy: A case report.

Rationale: Optimal nutritional therapy for pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) has been debated; however, little is known about key points of pancreatin enteric-coated capsule administration, a critical component of the PD treatment regimen. Patients often report elevations in tablet platoon and steatorrhea, and steatorrhea may adversely affect nutritional therapy for PD. Herein, we report a case of individualized pharmaceutical care for a patient after PD with trypsin replacement nutritional therapy.

Effects of individualized administration of folic acid on prothrombotic state and vascular endothelial function with H-type hypertension: A double-blinded, randomized clinical cohort study.

Background: Hypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) have long been associated with adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular health outcomes. This study evaluated the effect of individualized administration of folic acid (FA) on homocysteine (Hcy) levels, prothrombotic state, and blood pressure (BP) in patients with H-type hypertension (combination of HHcy and hypertension).

Methods: In this double-blinded, randomized clinical cohort study, 126 patients with H-type hypertension who were treated at our hospital were randomly divided into treatment and control groups (n = 55 each).

The expansion of mesophyll cells is coordinated with the division of chloroplasts in diploid and tetraploid Arabidopsis thaliana.

Cell expression is coordinated with chloroplast division in diploid and tetraploid Arabidopsis thaliana, polyploidy promoted the expansion of mesophyll cells and chloroplast division in A. thaliana. Cell development and differentiation are always accompanied by cell expansion and chloroplast division in plants, but the relationship between them is still relatively unknown.

Ca2+-dependent nuclease is involved in DNA degradation during the formation of the secretory cavity by programmed cell death in fruit of Citrus grandis 'Tomentosa'.

The secretory cavity is a typical structure in Citrus fruit and is formed by schizolysigeny. Previous reports have indicated that programmed cell death (PCD) is involved in the degradation of secretory cavity cells in the fruit, and that the spatio-temporal location of calcium is closely related to nuclear DNA degradation in this process; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying this Ca2+ regulation remain largely unknown. Here, we identified CgCaN that encodes a Ca2+-dependent DNase in the fruit of Citrus grandis 'Tomentosa', the function of which was studied using calcium ion localization, DNase activity assays, in situ hybridization, and protein immunolocalization.

Correlation of the temporal and spatial expression patterns of HQT with the biosynthesis and accumulation of chlorogenic acid in flowers.

Hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA quinate transferase (HQT) is one of the key enzymes in the biosynthesis of chlorogenic acid (CGA) in the flowers of . However, the spatiotemporal expression patterns of and its relationship to the dynamics of CGA biosynthesis, transport, and storage remain largely unknown. In this study, we collected flower samples at different growth stages (S1-S6) and examined the spatiotemporal expression pattern of and the dynamic accumulation patterns of CGA using a combination of molecular and cytological techniques.

CELLULASE6 and MANNANASE7 Affect Cell Differentiation and Silique Dehiscence.

Cellulases, hemicellulases, and pectinases play important roles in fruit development and maturation. Although mutants with defects in these processes have not been reported for cellulase or hemicellulase genes, the pectinases ARABIDOPSIS DEHISCENCE ZONE POLYGALACTURONASE1 (ADPG1) and ADPG2 were previously shown to be essential for silique dehiscence in Arabidopsis (). Here, we demonstrate that the cellulase gene () and the hemicellulase gene () function in the development and dehiscence of Arabidopsis siliques.