Quantum quench dynamics of geometrically frustrated Ising models.

Geometric frustration in two-dimensional Ising models allows for a wealth of exotic universal behavior, both Ising and non-Ising, in the presence of quantum fluctuations. In particular, the triangular antiferromagnet and Villain model in a transverse field can be understood through distinct XY pseudospins, but have qualitatively similar phase diagrams including a quantum phase transition in the (2+1)-dimensional XY universality class. While the quantum dynamics of modestly-sized systems can be simulated classically using tensor-based methods, these methods become infeasible for larger lattices.

Dynamic Asset Allocation with Expected Shortfall via Quantum Annealing.

Recent advances in quantum hardware offer new approaches to solve various optimization problems that can be computationally expensive when classical algorithms are employed. We propose a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm to solve a dynamic asset allocation problem where a target return and a target risk metric (expected shortfall) are specified. We propose an iterative algorithm that treats the target return as a constraint in a Markowitz portfolio optimization model, and dynamically adjusts the target return to satisfy the targeted expected shortfall.

Simulations of frustrated Ising Hamiltonians using quantum approximate optimization.

Novel magnetic materials are important for future technological advances. Theoretical and numerical calculations of ground-state properties are essential in understanding these materials, however, computational complexity limits conventional methods for studying these states. Here we investigate an alternative approach to preparing materials ground states using the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) on near-term quantum computers.

The process of biotransformation can produce insect protein and promote the effective inactivation of heavy metals.

An experiment was performed to study the inactivation effect of aerobic composting on heavy metals in maggot, pig and chicken manures. After composting, Cu mainly occurred in the oxidizable (OXI) fraction with a percentage distribution above 54%. Zn and Cd mainly existed in the bioavailable factor (BF), which has strong activity, with percentage distributions greater than 88.

Adsorption of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions using novel activated carbon spheres derived from glucose and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate.

Cr(VI) is a common wastewater pollutant. Various adsorbents including carbon-based materials are used for the removal of Cr(VI) owing to their high adsorption capacity. Chemical activation is an effective method to increase the specific surface area of adsorbents and, thus, further improve their adsorption capacity.

Synergistic antitumour effects of triptolide plus gemcitabine in bladder cancer.

Background And Objective: Gemcitabine (GEM) effectively inhibits bladder cancer progression in the clinic, but novel combination treatments using multiple drugs are needed.

Materials And Methods: The bladder cancer cell lines EJ and UMUC3 were treated with triptolide (TPL) and/or GEM. Tumour cell viability and proliferation were measured using MTT and clonogenic assays, respectively.