Disease burden and projection of total and early-onset colorectal cancer in Gulf cooperation council countries from 1990 to 2019.

Background: Early-onset colorectal cancer (EO-CRC) incidence and prevalence trends in the rise in high income countries, such as the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. The study aimed to offer an up-to-date assessment of the overall burden of CRC, and EO-CRC in GCC countries and project its incidence and mortality in 2030.

Method: The prevalence, incidence, mortality, years of life lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of CRC were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019.

Homologous recombination mRNAs (RAD21, RAD50 and BARD1) have a potentially poor prognostic role in ERBB2-low bladder cancer patients.

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/ERBB2) factor is known to be implicated in many malignancies and the potential of it as a prognostic biomarker was reported years ago. Molecular subtypes of HER2/ERBB2 negative and positive with distinct clinical outcomes have been identified in recent years; however, it is still under investigation for bladder cancer. This study evaluates the biological and prognostic significance of RAD21, RAD50 and BARD1 (homologous recombination biomarkers) mRNA levels with ERBB2 low and high expression to explore their impact on bladder cancer patient survival and cancer aggressiveness.