Developmental Disturbance in Premolars After Intraligamental Anesthesia Using Computer-Controlled Local Anesthesia Delivery System: An-Eight-Years Follow-Up Study in Children.

Aim This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of developmental disturbances in permanent second premolars in which their tooth buds were exposed to mandibular intraligamental anesthesia (ILA) using a computer-controlled local anesthetic delivery system (CCLAD). Materials and methods This was a longitudinal follow-up study conducted in a previous randomized clinical trial (RCT). In the previous RCT, a total of 91 children were included (61 control and 30 cases).