Pregestational Diabetes and Adverse Pregnancy Results: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: Hyperglycemia in pregnancy is believed to be associated with negative pregnancy outcomes. However, establishing a causal connection between diabetes mellitus (DM) and adverse pregnancy results is challenging due to the limitations inherent in traditional observational studies.

Methods: Our study used a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) technique to examine the possible influence of pregestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM) on adverse pregnancy outcomes.