Neoplastic leptomeningeal disease masquerading as central serous retinopathy. A case report.

A 69-year-old man became aware of people's speech being out of synch with their lip movements alongside persistent headaches, both of which progressively worsened. A few weeks later, he developed progressive and painless visual loss in one eye. Initial neurological evaluation, inflammatory markers and head computed tomography scan were normal.

Case-control study of risk factors for acute corneal hydrops in keratoconus.

Purpose: To determine risk factors for the development of acute corneal hydrops in keratoconus in the UK in a case-controlled study.

Methods: Between November 2009 and December 2010, we prospectively identified 73 individuals who developed acute corneal hydrops. We then identified 174 controls from nine regions in the UK with keratoconus who had not had hydrops.

Descemet's membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK): first UK prospective study of 1-year visual outcomes, graft survival and endothelial cell count.

Aim: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of Descemet's membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) in the treatment of patients with Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy.

Methods: This prospective study involved 16 consecutive patients who had DMEK done and who were evaluated over a year. Measurements included best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), endothelial cell count, and central corneal thickness.

Amniotic membrane transplantation for acute ocular burns.

Background: Ocular surface burns can be caused by chemicals (alkalis and acids) or by direct heat. Amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) performed in the acute phase (day 0 to day 7) of an ocular surface burn is reported to relieve pain, accelerate healing and reduce scarring and blood vessel formation. The surgery involves applying a patch of amniotic membrane (AM) over the entire ocular surface up to the eyelid margins.

Efficacy, predictability, and safety of wavefront-guided refractive laser treatment: metaanalysis.

Purpose: To compare the efficacy, predictability, safety, and induced higher-order aberrations (HOAs) between wavefront-guided and non-wavefront-guided ablations.

Setting: Division of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.

Design: Metaanalysis.

Localization and gene expression of human beta-defensin 9 at the human ocular surface epithelium.

Purpose: Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are multifunctional host defense molecules. Human beta-defensin 9 (HBD9) has previously been shown to be downregulated during ocular surface (OS) infection or inflammation. Here, the authors aimed to study localization of HBD9 protein in different OS regions and to determine the role of Toll-like receptors (TLRs), nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors, and proinflammatory cytokines in HBD9 expression.

Architecture and distribution of human corneal nerves.

Aims: To comprehensively study the gross anatomy of human corneal innervation.

Methods: Twenty-one specimens, including 12 normal human corneas from seven deceased patients, two eye-bank corneo-scleral buttons, two eye-bank corneo-scleral rims and five post-surgical specimens from three patients with keratoconus were studied. Corneal whole mounts were stained for cholinesterase enzyme using the Karnovsky & Roots direct colouring thiocholine modification of acetylcholinesterase (AchE) technique.

Epidermal growth factor variations in amniotic membrane used for ex vivo tissue constructs.

Introduction: The amniotic membrane (AM) is used for engineering ex vivo tissue constructs used in ocular surface reconstruction. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) content of the AM is believed to play a key role in supporting corneal epithelial cell expansion on AM. This study investigated EGF content in AM in relation to intra- and inter-donor variations and the effect of processing and preservation (handling).

Refractory glaucoma--tube or diode?

Background: The aim of the present study was to assess the relative effectiveness of tube surgery and cyclodiode laser in terms of achieving intraocular pressure control.

Methods: A retrospective study was undertaken to compare patients undergoing double plate Molteno tube implantation with patients undergoing diode cyclophotocoagulation. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was documented at 7 days prior to surgery and postoperatively at various time points.