Synergistic impact of platelet rich plasma-heparin sulfate with hydroxyapatite/zirconia on the osteoblast differentiation potential of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells.

3D porous hydroxyapatite (HA) has been reinforced by zirconia (ZrO) coating and impregnation with a combination of platelet rich plasma (PRP) as a source of growth factors (GFs) and Heparin sulfate (HS) to sustain the release of GFs. Adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) were characterized by flow cytometry for CD (cluster of differentiation) 44, CD105, CD106, CD34 and CD144, along with checking the multipotency by differentiation into the adipocytes and osteoblasts. Then, they were cultured on the scaffold treated with and without osteogenic media on days 7, 14 and 21.