Adherence to ADA Clinical Guidelines in Type 2 Diabetes Management in Public Health Clinics in Palestine.

Background: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is a significant global public health concern. Adherence to established guidelines is essential for effective management of this metabolic disease.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the current practices of physicians in Palestine regarding their adherence to ADA guidelines for type 2 diabetes management.

ESKAPE Pathogens: Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns, Risk Factors, and Outcomes a Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study of Hospitalized Patients in Palestine.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance to ESKAPE pathogens ( spp). remains a major challenge in hospital settings.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the ESKAPE antimicrobial resistance patterns and associated factors with multi-drug resistance strains among hospitalized patients in a single tertiary care medical hospital in Palestine.

COVID-19 Vaccines Breakthrough Infections and Adverse Effects Reported by the Birzeit University Community in Palestine.

Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccines play an essential role in boosting immunity, preventing severe diseases, and alleviating the Covid-19 health crisis.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the type and severity of short-term adverse reactions associated with BNT162 (Pfizer-BioNTech), mRNA 1273 (Moderna), and viral vector vaccines and to compare the incidence of post-vaccination Covid-19 infection among the Birzeit University community in Palestine.

Methods: This questionnaire-based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among individuals who were vaccinated with at least one dose of any COVID-19 vaccine offered in Palestine during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Apixaban and clopidogrel in a fixed-dose combination: Formulation and in vitro evaluation.

Fixed-dose combination (FDC) products represent a novel, safe, and cost-effective formulation. Combined use of anticoagulant and antiplatelet medications is common among comorbid cardiovascular patients. This study aimed to formulate FDC tablets for Apixaban and Clopidogrel, as prophylaxis and treatment of thrombo-embolic events.

Characteristics, Risk Factors, and Outcomes in Acute Kidney Injury Patients: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study, Palestine.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major medical problem affecting patients' quality of life and healthcare costs.

Objectives: This study evaluated the severity, risk factors, and outcomes of patients diagnosed with acute kidney injury (AKI), including community-acquired AKI (CA-AKI) and hospital-acquired AKI (HA-AKI), who were admitted to tertiary institutions in Palestine.

Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at multiple tertiary care hospitals in Palestine by reviewing patient charts from January 2020 to March 2023.

Practices, Efficacy, and Reported Side Effects Associated with Isotretinoin Treatment in Palestine.

Background: Isotretinoin is a commonly prescribed medication for the treatment of acne. It is associated with serious side effects that require monitoring and adherence by patients and healthcare providers. No studies have been conducted in Palestine to explore isotretinoin prescribing and utilization.

Assessment of adherence to guidelines for testing and treatment of pharyngitis among children in Palestine: A retrospective review study.

Introduction: One of the most common reasons for pediatric outpatient visits is acute pharyngitis, an upper respiratory tract infection. Bacterial pharyngitis is caused by Group A beta-hemolytic (GABHS), also known as . This research aimed to assess physicians' adherence to clinical guidelines for diagnosis, management, and selecting appropriate treatment for children suspected of bacterial pharyngitis.

The Preparation and Evaluation of Cyanocobalamin Mucoadhesive Sublingual Tablets.

Cobalamin (vitamin B), an essential vitamin with low oral bioavailability, plays a vital role in cellular functions. This research aimed to enhance the absorption of vitamin B using sublingual mucoadhesive tablets by increasing the residence time of the drug at the administration site. This research involved the preparation of different 50 mg placebo formulas using different methods.

Understanding the Risks of Diffusion of Cyanobacteria Toxins in Rivers, Lakes, and Potable Water.

Blue-green algae, or cyanobacteria, may be prevalent in our rivers and tap water. These minuscule bacteria can grow swiftly and form blooms in warm, nutrient-rich water. Toxins produced by cyanobacteria can pollute rivers and streams and harm the liver and nervous system in humans.

Assessment of immunoglobin G (spike and nucleocapsid protein) response to COVID-19 vaccination in Palestine.

Introduction: Many countries have begun immunization programs and established protocols to combat pandemics caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Six months after vaccination, the antibody titers produced by the immunization begin to decline, and individuals whose first immunization (either one or two doses) did not provide adequate protection may require a booster dose.

Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional survey of 18-year-olds and older was undertaken in the West Bank from June 15 to June 27, 2022.

Antibacterial and Anti-Acne Activity of Benzoyl Peroxide Nanoparticles Incorporated in Lemongrass Oil Nanoemulgel.

Purpose: The goal of this study was to make Benzoyl Peroxide (BPO) nanoemulgel to improve its ability to kill bacteria. BPO has trouble getting into the skin, being absorbed by the skin, staying stable, and being spread out.

Methods: A BPO nanoemulgel formulation was prepared by combining BPO nanoemulsion with Carbopol hydrogel.

Prevalence and Safety of Prescribing PPIs with Clopidogrel in Palestine.

Background: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are commonly prescribed medications that are thought to increase the risk of cardiovascular events because they reduce the effectiveness of clopidogrel via shared hepatic pathways.

Objective: This study examined the prevalence of concomitant prescribing of clopidogrel/PPI among patients diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome and the adverse cardiovascular event associated with this interaction.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted by retrieving patient data from the Nat Health Insurance claims processor database in Palestine.

Quality of Life of Palestinian Patients on Hemodialysis: Cross-Sectional Observational Study.

Background: Hemodialysis is life-saving and life-altering, affecting patients' quality of life. The management of dialysis patients often focuses on renal replacement therapy to improve clinical outcomes and remove excess fluid; however, the patient's quality of life is often not factored in.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the factors affecting the quality of life of patients on dialysis in Palestine using the Kidney Disease Quality of Life (KDQOL-SFTM) questionnaire.

Preparation and Evaluation of Vitamin D3 Supplementation as Transdermal Film-Forming Solution.

Vitamin D3 is available in oral and injectable dosage forms. Interest in the transdermal route as an alternative to the oral and parenteral routes has grown recently. In this study, several film-forming solutions for the transdermal delivery of vitamin D3 were prepared.

Evaluation of Proton Pump Inhibitors Prescribing Among Hospitalized Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are the most effective agents for managing acid-related disorders. However, inappropriate prescribing of PPIs is becoming an issue of concern.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the appropriate utilization of PPIs in terms of indication, dose, frequency, and route of administration during admission and discharge.

Side effects of Pfizer/BioNTech (BNT162b2) COVID-19 vaccine reported by the Birzeit University community.

Background: The Pfizer BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine was the first to receive emergency authorization and approval from the FDA. Therefore, it is preferred by most recipients; however, many people are concerned about the vaccine's side effects. At the time of the study, December 2021, Palestine lacked a national reporting system for monitoring adverse vaccine effects.

A retrospective evaluation of drug-drug interactions in patients admitted to Internal Medicine Departments in Palestinian Hospitals.

Objective: To measure the prevalence and identify risk factors associated with drug-drug interactions among patients admitted to internal medicine departments in Palestinian hospitals.

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional observational study was conducted. Data were obtained from patient files from the internal medicine departments in Palestinian hospitals from 1 September 2017, to 31 March 2018.

Vitamin D Deficiency Association with Comorbid Diseases in Palestine: "A Cross-Sectional Observation Study".

Background: Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is a global health concern. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its associated comorbidities in Palestine, such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases.

Methods: A retrospective, descriptive study retrieved medical data from the Nat Health insurance processor database from 2014 to 2020.

Evaluation of Self-Medication with Antibiotics in Primary Care Clinics in Palestine.

Background: Antibiotics are highly effective medications and essential in curing infectious diseases; however, their inappropriate use, such as self-medication, is a significant factor in developing antimicrobial resistance.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the level of antibiotic self-medication among patients who visited primary care clinics in Palestine.

Methods: Data were collected via a self-administered questionnaire, either printed or electronically, using google forms (Google Inc.

Evaluating Inappropriate Medication Prescribing Among Elderly Patients in Palestine Using the STOPP/ START Criteria.

Background: Elderly patients suffer from chronic diseases and are prone to polypharmacy and potentially inappropriate prescribing (PIP). This study aimed to identify potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) and potential prescribing omissions (PPOs) among elderly patients in a tertiary care hospital setting and to estimate the prevalence of polypharmacy.

Methods: This multicenter retrospective observational study reviewed patient data from two major Palestinian hospitals.

VTE Prophylaxis Therapy: Clinical Practice vs Clinical Guidelines.

Introduction: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is the most preventable complication in hospitalized patients. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the adherence of current clinical practice to the established guidelines at a Palestinian teaching hospital.

Methods: This cross-sectional, retrospective, observational study was conducted at a Palestinian Teaching Hospital.

Novel Fusidic Acid Cream Containing Metal Ions and Natural Products against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria.

Background: Drug design and development to overcome antimicrobial resistance continues to be an area of research due to the evolution of microbial resistance mechanisms and the necessity for new treatments. Natural products have been used since the dawn of medicine to heal skin infections. The antimicrobial properties of fusidic acid, zinc sulfate, and copper sulfate have been studied and are well known.

Adherence to Clinical Guidelines on STATIN Prescribing Among Diabetic Patients Aged 40-75 Years Old in a Primary Care Setting: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (D.M.) is a chronic metabolic disease caused by decreased insulin secretion, which increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases.

Bacterial and fungal co-infections among ICU COVID-19 hospitalized patients in a Palestinian hospital: a retrospective cross-sectional study.

Diagnosis of co-infections with multiple pathogens among hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients can be jointly challenging and essential for appropriate treatment, shortening hospital stays and preventing antimicrobial resistance. This study proposes to investigate the burden of bacterial and fungal co-infections outcomes on COVID-19 patients. It is a single center cross-sectional study of hospitalized COVID-19 patients at Beit-Jala hospital in Palestine.

Evaluation of the Health Situation among Recovered Cases of COVID-19 in West Bank, Palestine, and Their Onset/Recovery Time.

Background And Aims: COVID-19 emerged at the end of 2019 and was classified as a global pandemic in March 2020. Infected cases of SARS-CoV-2 experience symptoms during initial infection 2-14 days after virus exposure, and some symptoms and complications may persist after recovery. This study evaluated the onset/recovery time, postrecovery symptoms, complications, and factors affecting the health situation of recovered cases of COVID-19 in West Bank, Palestine.