Publications by authors named "Hani J Shayya"

Olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) convert the stochastic choice of one of >1,000 olfactory receptor (OR) genes into precise and stereotyped axon targeting of OR-specific glomeruli in the olfactory bulb. Here, we show that the PERK arm of the unfolded protein response (UPR) regulates both the glomerular coalescence of like axons and the specificity of their projections. Subtle differences in OR protein sequences lead to distinct patterns of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress during OSN development, converting OR identity into distinct gene expression signatures.

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Chronic demyelination in the human CNS is characterized by an inhibitory microenvironment that impairs recruitment and differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) leading to failed remyelination and axonal atrophy. By network-based transcriptomics, we identified sulfatase 2 (Sulf2) mRNA in activated human primary OPCs. Sulf2, an extracellular endosulfatase, modulates the signaling microenvironment by editing the pattern of sulfation on heparan sulfate proteoglycans.

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Article Synopsis
  • Human oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (hOPCs) are important for brain health and can divide and differentiate into other cell types, but the mechanisms controlling their behavior are not well understood.
  • Researchers have identified paired related homeobox protein 1 (PRRX1) as a key player in regulating the growth and movement of hOPCs, with specific splice variants affecting their proliferation and migration.
  • PRRX1 is linked to a state of quiescence (a sort of cellular "resting" state) and is influenced by signaling molecules like IFN-γ and BMP, suggesting it could play a significant role in both normal and pathological brain conditions.
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Impaired human oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (hOPC) differentiation likely contributes to failed remyelination in multiple sclerosis. The characterization of molecular pathways that regulate hOPC differentiation will provide means to induce remyelination. In this study, we determined the gene expression profile of PDGFαR hOPCs during initial oligodendrocyte commitment.

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