Aspirin and Ticagrelor Versus Aspirin and Clopidogrel or Prasugrel and the Effect on Staphylococcal-associated Infections: A Real-world Study.

Purpose: Antiplatelet therapy is used for the primary and secondary prevention of thrombotic diseases such as acute coronary syndrome (ACS). These patients are more vulnerable to infections, as such, strategies are required to mitigate these risks.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using TriNetX, a global federated health research network that includes both inpatient and outpatient electronic medical records from health care organizations worldwide.

Cost, efficiency, and outcomes of pulsed field ablation vs thermal ablation for atrial fibrillation: A real-world study.

Background: With the exponential growth of catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF), there is increasing interest in associated health care costs. Pulsed field ablation (PFA) using a single-shot pentaspline multielectrode catheter has been shown to be safe and effective for AF ablation, but its cost efficiency compared to conventional thermal ablation modalities (cryoballoon [CB] or radiofrequency [RF]) has not been evaluated.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare cost, efficiency, effectiveness, and safety between PFA, CB, and RF for AF ablation.

Metformin and SGLT2i as First-line Combination Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes: A Real-world Study With a Focus on Ethnicity.

Purpose: Suboptimal glucose control early in the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is strongly associated with subsequent morbidity and mortality, termed the 'glycaemic legacy'. Additionally, it is known that Asian and Black individuals are at increased risk of T2D, and its associated complications compared to their White counterparts. However, ethnicity does not currently feature in the treatment algorithm of T2D, unlike in other cardiovascular disease states such as hypertension.

All-cause mortality and cardiovascular outcomes with sodium-glucose Co-transporter 2 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and with combination therapy in people with type 2 diabetes.

Aim: To assess the relationship of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor analogues (GLP-1RA) and their combination (SGLT2i + GLP-1RA) with 5-year risk of all-cause mortality, hospitalization and cardiovascular/macrovascular disease in people with type 2 diabetes.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective cohort analysis of 2.2 million people with type 2 diabetes receiving insulin across 85 health care organizations using a global federated health research network.

"Renalism" with Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System Inhibitor Use in Patients Enrolled in Trials for Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction and Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI), and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA) reduce mortality and hospitalizations in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) but their use is limited in advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods: We carried out a systematic review of studies on HFrEF and CKD patients. The mean overall percentage of reported ACEI, ARB, MRA, and ARNI use, and the proportion of trials that included patients with advanced CKD grades 4-5 (estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <15-30 ml/min/1.

Multispecialty multidisciplinary input into comorbidities along with treatment optimisation in heart failure reduces hospitalisation and clinic attendance.

Aims: Heart failure (HF) is associated with comorbidities which independently influence treatment response and outcomes. This retrospective observational study (January 2020-June 2021) analysed the impact of monthly HF multispecialty multidisciplinary team (MDT) meetings to address management of HF comorbidities and thereby on provision, cost of care and HF outcomes.

Methods: Patients acted as their own controls, with outcomes compared for equal periods (for each patient) pre (HF MDT) versus post-MDT (multispecialty) meeting.

The Impact of Frailty and Comorbidities on Heart Failure Outcomes.

Frailty is a multisystemic process leading to reduction of physiological reserve and a reduction in physical activity. Heart failure (HF) is recognised as a global cause of morbidity and mortality, increasing in prevalence over recent decades. Because of shared phenotypes and comorbidities, there is significant overlap and a bidirectional relationship, with frail patients being at increased risk of developing HF and vice versa.

Chemotherapy-Induced Arrhythmias.

Cardio-oncology is a subspeciality within cardiology that has developed primarily as a consequence of the cardiovascular implications of cancer and its therapeutics. Arrhythmias are increasingly recognized as an adverse feature of many chemotherapeutic agents. This relationship is poorly defined and studied in the literature compared with other side effects of chemotherapy.

Palpitations in the Cancer Patient.

Cancer and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are among the leading causes of death worldwide. In response to the growing population of cancer patients and survivors with CVD, the sub-specialty of cardio-oncology has been developed to better optimise their care. Palpitations are one of the most common presenting complaints seen in the emergency room or by the primary care provider or cardiologist.

Representation of Chronic Kidney Disease in Randomized Controlled Trials Among Patients With Heart failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction: A Systematic Review.

Patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) have largely been excluded from randomized control trials (RCTs) in heart failure (HF). This creates a paucity of high quality evidence for guideline directed medical therapy (GDMT), particularly in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and CKD. This is a systematic review looking at the patterns and rates of inclusion of CKD in RCTs among patients with HFrEF.

Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors in the non-diabetic heart failure patient.

Heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is a global cause of morbidity and mortality with over 60 million estimated cases worldwide. The burden of HF care is expected to increase with an ageing population as evidenced by the fact that 80% of HF-related hospitalizations occur in those aged above 65. Given the significant morbidity and mortality associated with HFrEF, there is a need for new prognostic therapies that have an impact on morbidity and mortality.

Chemotherapy-Induced Arrhythmia - Underrecognized and Undertreated.

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Chemotherapy-induced arrhythmia is a potential complication of treatment that confers increased morbidity and mortality. The relationship between chemotherapeutic agents and arrhythmias is poorly established.

Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrythmia and a major cause of stroke, heart failure, sudden death, and cardiovascular morbidity. AF increases risk of thromboembolic stroke via stasis in the left atrium and subsequent embolization to the brain. In patients with acute ischemic stroke, it is essential that clinicians undertake careful investigation to search for AF.

The impact of COVID-19 on the management of heart failure: a United Kingdom patient questionnaire study.

Aims: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has created significant challenges to healthcare globally, necessitating rapid restructuring of service provision. This questionnaire survey was conducted amongst adult heart failure (HF) patients in the United Kingdom (UK), to understand the impact of COVID-19 upon HF services.

Methods And Results: The survey was conducted by the Pumping Marvellous Foundation, a UK HF patient charity.

Hydrogen and methane breath test results are negatively associated with IBS and may reflect transit time in post-surgical patients.

Background: Contention surrounds hydrogen and methane breath tests as putative measures of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. We aimed to explore the clinical characteristics associated with positive and negative results to help clarify their role.

Methods: 525 glucose hydrogen/methane breath tests completed over 3 years were analyzed to look for positively and negatively associated predictive factors.

Hypertension management in cardio-oncology.

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. During the last few decades prognosis has improved dramatically and patients are living longer and suffering long-term cardiovascular consequences of chemotherapeutic agents. Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer survivors second only to recurrent cancer.

Current and emerging drug treatment strategies for peripheral arterial disease.

Introduction: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a prevalent but underdiagnosed manifestation of atherosclerosis that has a worse prognosis than coronary artery disease. Patients with PAD are at heightened risk of both systemic cardiovascular adverse events and limb-related morbidity. There is insufficient awareness of its clinical manifestations, including intermittent claudication and critical limb ischemia and of its risk of adverse cardiovascular and limb outcomes.