Foliar application of zinc and selenium regulates cell wall fixation, physiological and gene expression to reduce cadmium accumulation in rice grains.

Zinc (Zn) and selenium (Se) are beneficial elements for crops, enhancing crop quality and alleviating heavy metal toxicity. However, there is limited research on the role of foliar Zn and Se in the mechanism of reducing cadmium (Cd) uptake in crops. A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect on subcellular distribution, leaf antioxidant enzyme activities, and the transcriptional regulation in the process of Cd accumulation of rice grains after foliar applications of Zn, Se, and their mixed solutions (ZnSe).

Improving liming mode for remediation of Cd-contaminated acidic paddy soils: Identifying the optimal soil pH, model and efficacies.

Liming has been widely taken to remediate Cd-contaminated acidic paddy soils, whereas liming mode involving in the relevant optimal soil pH, model and efficacies remain unclear. Both soil and field liming experiments were conducted to improve liming mode for precise remediation of Cd-contaminated acidic paddy soils. Soil batch liming experiments indicated soil DTPA-Cd and CaCl-Cd were piecewise linearly correlated to soil pH with nodes of 6.

Co-utilization of sepiolite and ferromanganese ore reduces rice Cd and As concentrations via soil immobilization and root Fe-Mn plaque resistance.

Cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As), common toxic elements in farmland soil, are easily absorbed by rice and accumulate in grains. Combined amendment is likely to ameliorate Cd-As-contaminated soil; however, studies on this aspect are limited. Therefore, we explored the effects of co-utilizing sepiolite and ferromanganese ore (SF) on Cd-As accumulation in rice by conducting pot experiments on Cd-As-contaminated paddy soil.

Phytoavailability of cadmium in rice amended with organic materials and lime: Effects of rhizosphere chemical changes and cadmium sequestration in iron plaque.

Excessive Cd in rice grains produced with acidic paddy soil is receiving increasingly widespread attention because it endangers human health. Applying organic materials (OM) and lime (L) is a common technique used to reduce Cd concentration in grains (Cd). Nevertheless, the mechanism by which their simultaneous application affects the Cd phytoavailability in soilrice systems remains ambiguous.

Key process for reducing grains arsenic by applying sulfate varies with irrigation mode: Dual effects of microbe-mediated arsenic transformation and iron plaque.

Sulfate affects the transformation of arsenic (As) in soil and its absorption by plant roots. However, the influence of sulfate and irrigation interactions on the mobility of As in the soil-rice system remains poorly understood. To address this gap, we conducted a pot experiment with varying sulfate levels and irrigation modes to examine their effects on rice As translocation, soil As forms, iron plaque formation, and microorganisms involved in As transformation.

Foliar zinc reduced Cd accumulation in grains by inhibiting Cd mobility in the xylem and increasing Cd retention ability in roots.

Cadmium (Cd) pollution endangers the safe utilization of paddy soils, and foliar zinc (Zn) can reduce the toxic effects of Cd. However, little is known about the effects of foliar Zn application on the transport and immobilization of Cd in key rice tissues and the physiological state of rice plants. A pot experiment was conducted to explore the effects of spraying 0.

Degradation kinetics and transformation pathway of methyl parathion by δ-MnO/oxalic acid reaction system.

Methyl parathion (MP) is a typical organophosphorus pesticide that is widely used worldwide, and hydrolysis, oxidation and reduction are the main abiotic degradation processes. Manganese dioxide (MnO) and organic acid can participate in various geochemical processes of pollutants, a reaction system was constructed to degrade MP using δ-MnO and oxalic acid. The δ-MnO/oxalic acid reaction system could efficiently degrade MP, and the removal rate of MP (20 μM) reached 67.

Milk vetch returning reduces rice grain Cd concentration in paddy fields: Roles of iron plaque and soil reducing-bacteria.

Milk vetch (MV, Astragalus sinicus L.) is used in agricultural production as a green manure; however, its impact on accumulation levels of heavy metals (e.g.

[Effects of Iron Intensity-regulated Root Microbial Community Structure and Function on Cadmium Accumulation in Rice].

Exploring the effects of exogenous iron (Fe) on cadmium (Cd) in rice is of great significance for ensuring food security. The accumulation of Cd and the changes in the microbial community structure in rice roots under three Fe concentrations (5, 50, and 500 μmol·L EDTA-NaFe) were studied through a hydroponic experiment. The results showed that the increase in the environmental Fe concentration promoted the formation of iron plaque on the rice roots, and both Fe-deficiency and Fe-sufficiency would enhance the adsorption and fixation of Cd on the root surface.

Cadmium Accumulation in the Goat Liver and Kidney Is Partially Promoted by the Upregulation of Metal Transporter Genes.

Metal transporters, including divalent metal-ion transporter-1 (DMT1), Zrt-/Irt-like protein 8 and 14 (ZIP8 and ZIP14), and ferroportin-1 (FPN1), reportedly participate in cellular cadmium (Cd) uptake, but those in farm animals remain unclarified. This study aimed to examine the growth, plasma biochemical indices, Cd accumulation, and expression of metal transporter genes in the liver, kidney, and muscle of goats exposed to rice paddies contaminated with different levels of Cd. Twenty-four goats were randomly assigned across three dietary treatments: 0.

Fe fortification limits rice Cd accumulation by promoting root cell wall chelation and reducing the mobility of Cd in xylem.

Fe biofortification and Cd mitigation in rice is essential for human health, thus the effects of fertilization with Fe on Cd uptake and distribution in rice need to be comprehensively studied. In this study, we investigated the roles of root iron (Fe)/manganese (Mn) plaques, root cell wall, organic acid, and expressions of Cd-transport related genes in restricting Cd uptake and translocation. The rice plants were exposed to 1 μM CdCl with or without the addition of three doses of Fe at 5, 50, and 500 μM EDTA-NaFe.

Influence of straw-derived humic acid-like substance on the availability of Cd/As in paddy soil and their accumulation in rice grain.

Humic acid amendments have been widely advocated for the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil. However, the impacts of straw-derived humic acid-like substances on the remediation of cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) co-contaminated paddy soil remain unclear and the potential mechanism required clarification. In this study, we employed a pot experiment and chose a straw-derived humic acid-like substance (BFA) as the amendment with four doses to investigate how BFA affects the availability of Cd and As in soil and their accumulation in rice.

Nitrogen application practices to reduce cadmium concentration in rice (Oryza sativa L.) grains.

Cadmium (Cd) pollution in paddy soils creates challenges in rice grain production, thereby threatening food security. The effectiveness of different base-tillering-panicle urea application ratios and the combined basal application of urea and Chinese milk vetch (CMV, Astragalus sinicus L.) in minimizing Cd accumulation in rice grains was explored in a Cd-contaminated acidic soil via a field experiment.

Combined exogenous selenium and biochemical fulvic acid reduce Cd accumulation in rice.

Paddy soil Cd contamination and the related accumulation risk in rice grains have attracted global attention. The application of selenium and humic substances is considered to be a cost-effective Cd mitigation measure. However, the effect of a combined application of the two materials remains unclear.

Sulfur fertilization integrated with soil redox conditions reduces Cd accumulation in rice through microbial induced Cd immobilization.

Sulfate and water management can be respectively applied to control Cd accumulation in rice, but the interaction mechanisms remain unclear. Three water management coupled with five sulfate application concentrations were employed to investigate rice Cd uptake. Results showed there was a significant interaction between sulfate application and soil redox state, and the highest sulfate treatments reduced rice grain Cd by 63.

Cadmium and arsenic availability in soil under submerged incubation: The influence of humic substances on iron speciation.

Humic substances (HSs), as electron shuttles, are associated with iron oxide transformation, yet the manner by which HSs affect Cd/As availabilities during this process under anaerobic conditions remains unclear. Two HSs (humic sodium, HA-Na, and biochemical fulvic acid, BFA) were applied at 0, 1, 2, and 4 gCkg in a submerged incubation experiment. The dissolved, extractable and fractions of Cd/As and different iron oxides in soils were monitored.

Meta-analysis of the effects of liming on soil pH and cadmium accumulation in crops.

Increasing cadmium (Cd) contamination in agricultural fields has resulted in a higher risk of Cd accumulation in the food chain. Lime addition can mitigate soil acidification and reduce Cd accumulation in crops cultured in Cd-contaminated soil. To determine key factors controlling the outcomes of liming in reducing Cd accumulation and enhancing soil pH, we performed a meta-analysis using previously published data from field and pot experiments.

Influences of different source microplastics with different particle sizes and application rates on soil properties and growth of Chinese cabbage (Brassica chinensis L.).

The potentially negative effects of microplastics (MP) on agroecosystems have raised worldwide concerns. However, little is known about the negative effects of MP exposure on the soil-plant system. To fill up this knowledge gap, a pot experiment was set up, and two different MP types [high density polyethylene (HDPE) and general purpose polystyrene (GPPS)] were used, which had four particle sizes (<25, 25-48, 48-150, and 150-850 µm) at four application rates (2.

[Effects of Water Management on Cadmium Accumulation by Rice ( L.) Growing in Typical Paddy Soil].

In order to explore the effects of water management on the Cd accumulation of rice in paddy soils with different parent materials, a pot experiment with three paddy soils with different parent materials from Hunan Province (granite sandy soil, plate shale soil, and purple sandy shale soil) with different water management treatments ［flooding and alternate wetting and drying (AWD)］ was performed. The soil pH, DTPA-Cd, Fe plaque in the rice roots, and heavy metal concentration in the rice were determined. The results showed that the soil pH of the three paddy soils under the flooding treatment was increased by 0.

Agronomic traits and ionomics influence on Cd accumulation in various sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) genotypes.

Cd is a common pollutant that contaminates the ecological environment of soil-crop systems and threatens food security and human health. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) has a great potential for use as energy feedstock and Cd phytoremediation.

Effects of composited organic mobilizing agents and their application periods on cadmium absorption of Sorghum bicolor L. in a Cd-contaminated soil.

Organic mobilizing agents have been advocated for phytoremediation of heavy metals contaminated soils, while the effects of application period of such agents remain unclear. A pot experiment was conducted, with two composited organic agents (oxalic acid or citric acid + dissolved organic fertilizer (OA + DOF and CA + DOF)) and four application periods (seeding, jointing, flag leaf and heading stages) of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.), to investigate their impacts on Cd bioavailability in soil.

Foliar Application of Zn-EDTA at Early Filling Stage to Increase Grain Zn and Fe, and Reduce Grain Cd, Pb and Grain Yield in Rice (Oryza sativa L.).

The accumulation of Cd and Pb in rice grains poses a potential threat to human health, which is a subject of increasing concern across the globe. We examined the effect that foliar spraying of Zn-ethylenediaminetetraacetate (Zn-EDTA) (0.3% and 0.