Cognitive impairment assessed by static and dynamic changes of spontaneous brain activity during end stage renal disease patients on early hemodialysis.

Background: Compared with the general population, patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (ESHD) exhibit a higher incidence of cognitive impairment. Early identification of cognitive impairment in these patients is crucial for reducing disability and mortality rates. Examining the characteristics of static and dynamic regional spontaneous activities in ESHD cases may provide insights into neuropathological damage in these patients.

Assembling Ruthenium Complexes to Form Ruthenosome Unleashing Ferritinophagy-Mediated Tumor Suppression.

We introduce ruthenosomes, a fusion of liposomal and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-generating properties meticulously engineered as potent ferroptosis inducers (FINs), marking a significant advancement in metallodrug design for cancer therapy. Formed through the self-assembly of oleate-conjugated ruthenium complexes, these ruthenosomes exhibit exceptional cellular uptake, selectively accumulating in mitochondria and causing substantial disruption. This targeted mitochondrial damage significantly elevates ROS levels, triggering autophagy and selectively activating ferritinophagy.

Reducing Luminal Extracellular Adenosine Triphosphate Levels Alleviates Food Allergy Induced by an Egg White Diet in Mice.

The development of food allergies is typically associated with extensive intestinal inflammation. As a key inflammatory signaling molecule, the precise roles of extracellular adenosine triphosphate in food allergies require further elucidation. Our previous research reported that continuous food allergen exposure led to increased accumulation of luminal extracellular adenosine triphosphate (eATP).

An online brain-computer interface for a precise positioning of target based on rapid serial visual presentation.

The brain-computer interface (BCI) based on rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) provides a novel approach for efficiently optimizing traditional machine-based target detection, revealing a broad application prospect in security, entrainment, monitoring, etc. A bottleneck of current RSVP-BCI is that its detectable result is limited to a binary way, i.e.

Transcriptomic Study of Neural Regulation in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex of Depressive Mice with Low-Intensity Focused Ultrasound.

Exploring new effective treatments for depression holds important social significance and clinical value. Low-intensity focused ultrasound stimulation (LIFUS) has been proven to have significant neuroprotective effects on depression. However, the specific genes regulated by LIFUS in depressive mice remain unclear.

Prediction errors from distinct perspectives induce separable EEG features for brain-computer interface.

The ability to efficiently detect error is fundamental for human adaptive behaviors, and plays an increasingly crucial role in developing more intelligent brain-computer interface (BCI). Error-related potential (ErrP), which can reflect prediction error, has been widely used by the BCI to read whether outcomes accord with users' expectation or not. However, current ErrP-BCI cannot distinguish the prediction error is induced by user's own (first-person perspective, 1PP) or other's (third-person perspective, 3PP) wrong action, hindering it from being applied in social interactions.

Motor task complexity matters more in dual task gait performance for early-stage Parkinson's disease identification.

Parkinson's disease (PD) patients exhibit more impaired gait performance during motor cognitive dual-task tests. However, the effects of motor and cognitive task complexity on early PD identification have not been systematically investigated. 25 idiopathic early PD patients and 14 age-matched healthy elders were recruited and required to perform a complex motor task with/ without three different cognitive tasks.

Friends Across Time: Multi-Scale Action Segmentation Transformer for Surgical Phase Recognition.

Automatic surgical phase recognition is a core technology for modern operating rooms and online surgical video assessment platforms. Current state-of-the-art methods use both spatial and temporal information to tackle the surgical phase recognition task. Building on this idea, we propose the Multi-Scale Action Segmentation Transformer (MS-AST) for offline surgical phase recognition and the Multi-Scale Action Segmentation Causal Transformer (MS-ASCT) for online surgical phase recognition.

Detecting the Intention of Sit-to-Stand by Analyzing Reaction Forces on the Foot with Pareto Optimum.

This study introduces a novel method for detecting a user's sit-to-stand (STS) intention, focusing on minimizing sensor usage for ease of application in everyday settings. Our approach involves applying an external stimulus to the user's toes when they are likely to stand and analyzing the resulting reaction forces on the foot. In the subject experiments, we optimized thresholds using the Pareto optimum to differentiate STS motions from other similar movements, targeting both correct detection and an earlier detection timing before the user's buttocks leave the seat.

A comparison between Deep Learning architectures for the assessment of breast tumor segmentation using VSI ultrasound protocol.

Automatic breast tumor ultrasound segmentation is one of the most critical components in the development of tools for breast cancer diagnosis. Several deep learning algorithms have been tested with public and private datasets but none of them has been designed for asynchronous protocol ultrasound acquisition. In this work, a dataset collected through the Volume Sweep Imaging protocol for breast ultrasound (VSI-B) was used.

An inertial-based gait normalcy index for motor fluctuation measurement under an unconstrained walking scenario.

The assessment of motor fluctuation is essential for patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD). However, the clinical scales are unable to sufficiently reflect motor fluctuations due to their lower sensitivity to subtle changes. Therefore, in this study, we proposed an inertial-based gait normalcy index (GNI) derived from deviations of gait spatiotemporal parameters related to a healthy age-matched baseline.

Effects of drainage and long-term tillage on greenhouse gas fluxes in a natural wetland: insights from microbial mechanisms.

Background: The conversion of natural wetlands to agricultural land through drainage contributes to 62% of the global wetland loss. Such conversion significantly alters greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes, yet the underlying mechanisms of GHG fluxes resulting from drainage and long-term tillage practices remain highly uncertain. In this study, we measured GHG fluxes of a natural reed wetland (referred to as "Wetland") and a drained wetland that used as farmland (referred to as "Dryland").

Prevalence and risk factors of self-reported adverse drug events in elderly co-morbid patients in northeastern China: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Older adults are vulnerable to adverse drug events given the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic changes that coming with ageing, as well as they often take multiple medications for their chronic health conditions, especially older co-morbidities. ADEs can cause unnecessary emergency department visits and hospitalization, which contribute to financial burden and decreased quality of life. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of adverse drug events in elderly co-morbid patients in Liaoning province and explore its risk factors, in order to ensure medication safety in elderly patients.

A Cadmium Metal-Organic Framework with Negative Electrostatic Potentials for Efficient Separation of C2H2/CO2 and C2H2/C2H4.

Given the high similarity in physical and chemical properties, especially in terms of molecular size and boiling point, of acetylene (C2H2), carbon dioxide (CO2), and ethylene (C2H4) molecules, traditional separation techniques encounter great challenges. Fortunately, metal organic framework (MOF) materials have demonstrated significant potential for efficient separation of these gases at the molecular level due to their finely tunable pore structure and surface functional properties. In this paper, we have successfully synthesized a cadmium-based MOF (FJI-W-708), which exhibits negative electrostatic potential pores and exceptional thermal stability.

High-Performance FETs with High- STO by Optimized van der Waals Heterostructure Interface.

The pursuit of suitable insulating layers and high-quality integration methods is important to further improve the performance of field-effect transistors (FETs). In this study, we employ transferable high- oxide films as device gate dielectrics to fabricate high-quality optoelectronic devices by optimizing the interface between the dielectric material and the two-dimensional (2D) materials. Through meticulous refinement, a transferred film roughness of 269.

Preparation of sodium alginate antibacterial porous composite pads embedded with centrifugally spun nanofibers by freeze-drying and recasting for active food packaging.

In this study, nanofibers composed of ethyl cellulose (EC)/polyethylene oxide (PEO) impregnated with tea polyphenol (TP) were fabricated by the centrifugal spinning method. Subsequently, these nanofibers were incorporated into sodium alginate (SA) to generate porous composite pads with varying fiber contents. The porous composite pads were comprehensively characterized.

Deep learning-based cell-specific gene regulatory networks inferred from single-cell multiome data.

Gene regulatory networks (GRNs) provide a global representation of how genetic/genomic information is transferred in living systems and are a key component in understanding genome regulation. Single-cell multiome data provide unprecedented opportunities to reconstruct GRNs at fine-grained resolution. However, the inference of GRNs is hindered by insufficient single omic profiles due to the characteristic high loss rate of single-cell sequencing data.

Tribenuron-methyl inhibit greenhouse gas emission and impacted the related functional pathways.

This study investigates the combined effects of tribenuron-methyl and urea on soil bacterial communities, greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions, and carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycle-related functions. High-throughput sequencing revealed significant impacts on bacterial diversity and composition, with responses varying across different concentrations, sampling times, and the presence of urea. Tribenuron-methyl inhibited bacterial diversity at early sampling times but increased diversity after 60 days in the highest treatment.

A novel ferroptosis inhibitor phenothiazine derivative reduces cell death and alleviates neurological impairments after cerebral hemorrhage.

The precise etiology of brain injury induced by intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remains unclear. Currently, there are no effective therapeutic options available to slow down or prevent the progression of the disease. An increasing body of evidence suggests that ferroptosis plays a significant role in the development of injury related to ICH.

Multi-organ proteome reveals different nursing ability between two honeybee srocks.

High royal jelly production is an adaptive reproductive investment syndrome in honey bees that enhances their nursing ability to queen bee larvae. However, the biological basis of this reproduction investment at the multi-organ level remains elusive. In this study, proteome across 11 organs of two bee stocks: high royal jelly production bees (RJBs) and Italian bees (ITBs) was compared.

Injectable hydrogel with miR-222-engineered extracellular vesicles ameliorates myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury via mechanotransduction.

Cardiac ischemic reperfusion injury (IRI) significantly exacerbates cardiac dysfunction and heart failure, causing high mortality. Despite the severity of IRI, effective therapeutic strategies remain elusive. Acellular cardiac patches have shown considerable efficacy in delivering therapeutics directly to cardiac tissues.

Microplastics in marine systems: A review of sources and sinks, typical environmental behaviors, and biological effects.

Marine microplastics (MPs), whether originating from household and industrial production or stemming from the degradation of larger plastic fragments, have currently attracted significant global attention among the scientific community. The transport and deposition of MPs, characterized by their small size and large quantity, under oceanic hydrodynamics result in the contamination of a wide range of areas. Furthermore, MPs are capable of carrying metals and organic pollutants that constitute composite pollutants.

Temporal variability in the diversity, function and resistome landscapes in the gut microbiome of broilers.

Understanding the dynamic and stability of gut microbiota over the course of production cycle of broiler chicken can help identify microbial features that associate with better health and productivity. In the present study, we profile the changes in the composition and stability of gut microbiota of commercially raised broilers at nine distinct time points using shotgun metagenomics and culturomics approaches. We demonstrate, within the first week post-hatching, a rapid decline in relative abundance of 122 pioneer microbial species including Bacteroides fragilis, Lachnospira eligens and Ruminococcus gnavus, accompanied by a substantial decrease in both microbial richness and diversity.

Polygenic enrichment analysis in multi-omics levels identifies cell/tissue specific associations with schizophrenia based on single-cell RNA sequencing data.

Objective: Understanding the specific cellular origin and tissue heterogeneity in schizophrenia is critically important for exploring the disease etiology. This study aims to investigate these aspects by performing multiple analyses based on omics data.

Method: We performed single-cell disease relevance score (scDRS) algorithm to link brain single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) with schizophrenia risk across multi-omics scales at single-cell resolution.