Foveal hyper-reflective vertical lines detected by optical coherence tomography: Imaging features, literature review and differential diagnoses.

Purpose: To describe foveal hyper-reflective vertical lines (FVL) as a specific morphological finding on structural spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and discuss its differential diagnosis.

Methods: Observational case series. Ten patients (10 eyes) with FVL were meticulously examined at the Ophthalmology Department, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.

Pain perception during intravitreal injections is related to the timing of instilling anesthetic eyedrops.

Purpose: To evaluate the correlation between the timing of instilling anesthetic eyedrops prior to intravitreal injection and the patient's perception of pain associated with the injection.

Methods: A prospective observational study which included 192 eyes of 192 patients. Time interval between instillation of Oxybuprocaine-0.

Relative yield of retinal imaging versus clinical exam in following neovascular exudative age related macular degeneration.

Purpose: To compare therapeutic decisions between 3 diagnostic protocols and to assess the need for in-person physical doctor-patient encounter in follow up and treatment of neovascular exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Methods: Analysis of 88 eyes of 88 unique patients with neovascular AMD who were routinely followed at our medical retina clinic. A retinal specialist reviewed all images in advance and wrote his decisions.

Pseudophakia as a surprising protective factor in neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: To assess the impact of lens status on macular function among patients treated for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nvAMD) in whom scheduled intravitreal injections were delayed.

Methods: We reviewed demographic and clinical data as well as macular optical coherence tomographic images of 34 patients (48 eyes) who did not follow their injection schedule during the first wave of COVID-19 in Israel. Functional worsening was defined as a loss of at least 0.

Thinning of specific retinal layers as a novel biomarker for adverse outcomes in high-risk pregnancy.

Purpose: To investigate a potential association between retinal layer thinning and pregnancy-related adverse outcomes.

Methods: A prospective observational study included 32 pregnant women between the ages of 18 and 45. Seventeen had uneventful pregnancies, and 15 experienced an adverse obstetrical outcome.

The Physical Activity Level of Ophthalmologists at Work: A Pedometer-Based Study.

Background: Ophthalmology practice entails many hours of physical inactivity, a potential long-term health hazard. This study aims to perform a pedometer-based evaluation of the physical activity (PA) levels of ophthalmologists at work.

Methods: This is a prospective observational study.

Central serous chorioretinopathy following the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine.

Background And Purpose: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has accelerated vaccine development. The BNT162b2 messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine is being administered worldwide. The purpose of this case series is to report a possible association between the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine and Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).

Effects of delay in anti-vascular endothelial growth factor intravitreal injections for neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: To assess the impact of COVID-19-related delay in intravitreal injection timing on macular structure and visual acuity (VA) among patients treated for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nvAMD).

Methods: We reviewed demographic and clinical data and macular ocular computerized tomographic images of 34 patients (48 eyes, group A) who did not follow their injection schedule during the first wave of COVID-19 and compared them to 46 patients (71 eyes, group B) who did. Functional worsening was defined as a loss of at least 0.

Anxiety and pain perception using a speculum-free eyelid retraction technique for intravitreal injection.

Purpose: This study compared pain and anxiety levels in individuals receiving intravitreal injections (IVIs) using a speculum-free injection technique, the lid splinting eyelid retraction technique, or using a speculum.

Methods: This was a prospective study of individuals receiving IVI at a single tertiary care medical center who responded to a questionnaire and visual analog scale (VAS) between December 2019 and January 2020. In one group, a speculum was used prior to injection, whereas in the other group, a speculum-free injection technique was used.

Effect of Music Selection on Anxiety Level during Intravitreal Injections for Individuals of Varying Cultures.

Purpose: To investigate music selection as a treatment for anxiety during Intravitreal injections (IVI) for individuals of varying cultures.

Methods: 106 individuals were enrolled in this randomized controlled study. Individuals were randomized into one to three categories: (1) a control group in which the IVI procedure was performed without music (n = 35), (2) an experimental group in which the music was selected by the physician (n = 36), (3) an experimental group in which the music was selected by the patient (n = 35).

A Rare Case of Acute Bilateral Endothelial Decompensation after Prophylactic Nd:YAG Laser Iridotomy Requiring Endothelial Keratoplasty.

Aim: To describe a case of acute bilateral endothelial decompensation following prophylactic Nd:YAG laser iridotomy (LI) for occludable angles.

Background: Although regarded safe, LI can occasionally be a source of various ocular complications, including corneal endothelial damage. In the herein case, we describe the first case of acute bilateral endothelial decompensation after Nd:YAG LI.

The Additive Value of Foveal OCT-Based Biometry to Fundus Biomicroscopy for Detecting Macular Pathology Prior to Cataract Surgery.

Purpose: To assess the additive value of foveal swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based biometry to the preoperative fundus examinations for diagnosing macular abnormalities in patients scheduled for cataract surgery.

Design: Diagnostic testing evaluation.

Methods: Consecutive patients 50 years of age and older planned for cataract surgery from one institution were retrospectively enrolled.

The Impact of COVID-19 on Intravitreal Injection Compliance.

Intravitreal injections (IVI) of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents have become the most prevalent intraocular procedure as they represent the major therapeutic modality for prevalent retinal conditions such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy. Effective therapy requires adherence to a schedule of iterative IVI as well as routine clinic appointments. The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in the reduction of attendance at scheduled clinic visits and IVI.

Macular Ganglion Cell Complex and Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thinning in Patients with Type-1 Gaucher Disease.

Type-1 Gaucher disease (GD1) is considered to be non- neuronopathic however recent evidence of neurological involvement continues to accumulate. There is limited evidence of retinal abnormalities in GD1. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the retinal findings of patients with GD1.

Patient management modifications in cataract surgery candidates following incorporation of routine preoperative macular optical coherence tomography.

Purpose: To assess the clinical relevance of routine preoperative spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) for identifying macular pathologies in patients scheduled for cataract surgery.

Setting: Shaare-Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.

Design: Retrospective case series.

A 12-month prospective study to evaluate the efficacy of using the treat-and-extend regimen with intravitreal aflibercept as a Second-Line Treatment for Diabetic Macular Oedema (the TADI Study).

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of intravitreal aflibercept as a second-line therapy in eyes with persistent diabetic macular oedema (DMO) despite receiving initial bevacizumab treatment.

Methods: A prospective multicentre study was conducted in nine academic clinics in Israel. Starting from the first follow-up visit, a treat-and-extend regimen was applied in which the treatment intervals were extended by 2 weeks based on macular thickness using SD-OCT.

Enhanced depth imaging in swept-source optical coherence tomography: Improving visibility of choroid and sclera, a masked study.

Purpose: To compare enhanced depth imaging in swept-source optical coherence tomography and non-enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography in their ability to capture choroidal and scleral details.

Methods: Averaged foveal B-Scans were obtained from 40 eyes of 20 healthy volunteers by swept-source optical coherence tomography with and without enhanced depth imaging. Visibility and contrast of vascular details within the choroid, choroidoscleral junction, and sclera were evaluated by masked readers using an ordinal scoring scale.

Diabetic macular edema treated with ranibizumab following bevacizumab failure in Israel (DERBI study).

Purpose:: To evaluate the outcome of second-line intravitreal ranibizumab treatment in eyes with diabetic macular edema having persistent edema following initial therapy with intravitreal bevacizumab.

Methods:: Diabetic macular edema treated with ranibizumab following bevacizumab failure in Israel was a retrospective, multi-center study. Consecutive eyes with persistent diabetic macular edema following at least three previous intravitreal bevacizumab injections prior to intravitreal ranibizumab, at least three-monthly intravitreal ranibizumab injections and at least 12 months of follow-up were included.

A transcriptionally and functionally distinct PD-1 CD8 T cell pool with predictive potential in non-small-cell lung cancer treated with PD-1 blockade.

Evidence from mouse chronic viral infection models suggests that CD8 T cell subsets characterized by distinct expression levels of the receptor PD-1 diverge in their state of exhaustion and potential for reinvigoration by PD-1 blockade. However, it remains unknown whether T cells in human cancer adopt a similar spectrum of exhausted states based on PD-1 expression levels. We compared transcriptional, metabolic and functional signatures of intratumoral CD8 T lymphocyte populations with high (PD-1), intermediate (PD-1) and no PD-1 expression (PD-1) from non-small-cell lung cancer patients.