Adunctin E from Induces Apoptosis in Lung Cancer via HSP90AA1 Modulation: A Network Pharmacology and In Vitro Study.

Lung cancer stands out as a leading cause of death among various cancer types, highlighting the urgent need for effective anticancer drugs and the discovery of new compounds with potent therapeutic properties. Natural sources, such as the genus, offer various bioactive compounds. Adunctin E (AE), a dihydrochalcone derived from , exhibited several pharmacological activities, and its potential as an anticancer agent remains largely unexplored.

Application of bioluminescence resonance energy transfer assays in primary mouse neuronal cultures.

Bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) is widely employed for real-time monitoring of G protein-coupled receptor activity, interactions, and trafficking in heterologous cell lines, yet its use in neuronal systems remains limited. Here, we present a protocol to apply BRET assays to primary neuronal cultures from mouse embryos. We describe steps and key concepts for generating plasmid constructs and lentivirus preparations, plating and lentiviral transduction of primary cultured neurons in 96-well plates, and BRET data collection and analysis.

Robust GRK2/3/6-dependent desensitization of oxytocin receptor in neurons.

Oxytocin plays critical roles in the brain as a neuromodulator, regulating social and other affective behavior. However, the regulatory mechanisms controlling oxytocin receptor (OXTR) signaling in neurons remain unexplored. In this study, we have identified robust and rapid-onset desensitization of OXTR response in multiple regions of the mouse brain.

Conamonin A and dihydrochalcones from the whole plants of Conamomum rubidum (Lamxay & N.S.Lý) Škorničk. & A.D. Poulsen showing anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities.

A new compound, conamonin A (), was isolated from the whole plants of with eight known dihydrochalcones (-). Their structures were elucidated by a combination of spectroscopic methods as well as by comparison with previously reported data. The absolute configuration of was assigned by TDDFT-ECD method.

Conarubins A-D: Four Monoterpene-Chalcone Conjugates from and Their Anti-inflammatory and Cytotoxic Activities.

Four novel compounds, conarubins A-D (-), were isolated from the whole plants of collected in Vietnam. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses and by quantum chemical calculations of NMR and ECD. Compounds and were the first examples of monoterpene-monoterpene-chalcone conjugates in nature, whereas compound was an unprecedented monoterpene-substituted chalcone containing a 3,4,5-trioxygenated cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1-one ring.

Evolution of a System to Monitor Infant Neuromotor Development in the Home: Lessons from COVID-19.

In the nine months leading up to COVID-19, our biomedical engineering research group was in the very early stages of development and in-home testing of HUGS, the Hand Use and Grasp Sensor (HUGS) system. HUGS was conceived as a tool to allay parents' anxiety by empowering them to monitor their infants' neuromotor development at home. System focus was on the evolving patterns of hand grasp and general upper extremity movement, over time, in the naturalistic environment of the home, through analysis of data captured from force-sensor-embedded toys and 3D video as the baby played.

Structure revision and absolute configuration of 5,7--hydroxyoplopanone and anti-osteoporotic activities of sesquiterpenoids from the rhizomes of .

Five sesquiterpenoids including 2-hydroxyoplopanone , oplopanone (), 1,4,6-trihydroxy-eudesmane (), 1,4,7-trihydroxy-eudesmane () and bullatantriol () were isolated from . The structure of the previously reported compound, 5,7--2-hydroxyoplopanone (), has been revised to by the spectroscopic evidences (1D-/2D-NMR, IR, UV and HRESIMS) and by comparison between experimental and theoretical NMR data using DP4+ protocol. Furthermore, the absolute configuration of was unambiguously assigned by ECD experiments.

Homalolides C-D, two new sesquiterpenoids from the rhizomes of .

Two new sesquiterpenoids, homalolides C - D ‒, were co-isolated from the rhizomes of (Blume) Bakh.f collected in Vietnam with five known ones, aromadendrane-4,10-diol (), bullatantriol (), 1,4,6-trihydroxy-eudesmane (), 1,4,6-trihydroxyeudesmane (), and 1,4,7-trihydroxy-eudesmane (). The structures and relative configuration of new compounds were elucidated by 1 D-/2D-NMR, IR, UV and HRESIMS analyses, and by comparisons to the reported data in the literature.

Sesquiterpenoids from the rhizomes of and their anti-inflammatory activities.

Sixteen sesquiterpenoids including two new ones, homalolides A - B ‒, were firstly isolated from the methanolic extract of the rhizomes of collected in Vietnam. The structures and relative stereochemistry of new compounds were elucidated by 1D-/2D-NMR, IR, UV and HRESIMS analyses. The GCMS experiment demonstrated that homalolide A () is an artifact due to the methylation during methanolic extraction process.

Survival after traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Vietnam: a multicenter prospective cohort study.

Background: Pre-hospital services are not well developed in Vietnam, especially the lack of a trauma system of care. Thus, the prognosis of traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) might differ from that of other countries. Although the outcome in cardiac arrest following trauma is dismal, pre-hospital resuscitation efforts are not futile and seem worthwhile.

Factors relating to mortality in septic patients in Vietnamese intensive care units from a subgroup analysis of MOSAICS II study.

Sepsis is the most common cause of in-hospital deaths, especially from low-income and lower-middle-income countries (LMICs). This study aimed to investigate the mortality rate and associated factors from sepsis in intensive care units (ICUs) in an LMIC. We did a multicenter cross-sectional study of septic patients presenting to 15 adult ICUs throughout Vietnam on the 4 days representing the different seasons of 2019.

Interaction and Subcellular Association of PRRT1/SynDIG4 With AMPA Receptors.

AMPA receptors (AMPAR) are organized into supramolecular complexes in association with other membrane proteins that provide exquisite regulation of their biophysical properties and subcellular trafficking. Proline-rich transmembrane protein 1 (PRRT1), also named as SynDIG4, is a component of native AMPAR complexes in multiple brain regions. Deletion of PRRT1 leads to altered surface levels and phosphorylation status of AMPARs, as well as impaired forms of synaptic plasticity.

Rac-dependent feedforward autoactivation of NOX2 leads to oxidative burst.

NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) produces the superoxide anion radical (O), which has functions in both cell signaling and immune defense. NOX2 is a multimeric-protein complex consisting of several protein subunits including the GTPase Rac. NOX2 uniquely facilitates an oxidative burst, which is described by initially slow O production, which increases over time.

Harms to children from the financial effects of others' drinking.

Background: Many children live with parents who drink and experience little impact, but risky or heavy drinking by caregivers can result in a range of harms to children. Alcohol-related financial harms which directly impact children's needs in general populations have been seldom studied.

Objective: The study aims to identify the prevalence and correlates of financial harms from others' drinking affecting children's needs in nine lower- and middle-income (LMICs) and high-income countries (HICs).

Anti-Inflammatory and Antimicrobial Activities of Compounds Isolated from .

is a native black ginger that grows in Vietnam. In point of fact, there is limitation of available information in the literature making mention of the chemical constituents and bioactive properties of this plant. This study is aimed at isolating -coumaric acid (), -cinnamic acid (), and borneol () from the rhizomes of Q.

Effectively Conducting Oncology Clinical Trials During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Purpose: Clinical trial enrollment has declined globally as a result of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This underscores the importance of structured methods to continue critical medical research safely and efficiently.

Methods And Materials: We report the effect of a phased trial reopening strategy, remote research staffing, and telemedicine on cancer trial enrollment at one of the largest radiation oncology academic cancer centers.

Survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, Viet Nam: multicentre prospective cohort study.

Objective: To investigate factors associated with survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Viet Nam.

Methods: We did a multicentre prospective observational study of people (> 18 years) presenting with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (not caused by trauma) to three tertiary hospitals in Viet Nam from February 2014 to December 2018. We collected data on characteristics, management and outcomes of patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and compared these data by type of transportation to hospital and survival to hospital admission.

Can complex programs be sustained? A mixed methods sustainability evaluation of a national infant and young child feeding program in Bangladesh and Vietnam.

Background: Poor early-life nutrition is a major barrier to good health and cognitive development, and is a global health priority. Alive & Thrive (A&T) was a multi-pronged initiative to improve infant and young child feeding behaviors. It aimed to achieve at-scale child health and nutrition improvements via a comprehensive approach that included nutrition counseling by health workers, policy change, social mobilization and mass media activities.

Development of Noonan syndrome by deregulation of allosteric SOS autoactivation.

Ras family proteins play an essential role in several cellular functions, including growth, differentiation, and survival. The mechanism of action of Ras mutants in Costello syndrome and cancers has been identified, but the contribution of Ras mutants to Noonan syndrome, a genetic disorder that prevents normal development in various parts of the body, is unknown. Son of Sevenless (SOS) is a Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factor.

HIV Prevalence and Factors Related to HIV Infection Among Transgender Women in Vietnam: A Respondent Driven Sampling Approach.

Transgender women are at higher risk of HIV infection, however, there is a lack of information about HIV infection and related factors among transgender women in Vietnam. From February 2018 to June 2018, 456 transgender women were recruited in the study using Respondent-Driven Sampling technique. Participants completed the computer-based questionnaire and were tested for HIV serostatus.

Three new steroidal saponins from Aspidistra letreae plants and their cytotoxic activities.

Three new steroidal saponins, aspiletreins A-C (1-3), together with 2H-chromen-2-one (4), and α-tocopherol (5), were isolated from whole Aspidistra letreae plants collected in Vietnam. Their structures were elucidated by a combination of spectroscopic analyses, including 1D- and 2D-NMR, IR, and HRESIMS, and by comparison with the reported data in the literature. Compounds 1-3 exhibited moderate cytotoxicities against the LU-1, HeLa, MDA-MB-231, HepG2, and MKN-7 human cancer cell lines, with IC values ranging from 7.

The dynein light chain 8 (LC8) binds predominantly "in-register" to a multivalent intrinsically disordered partner.

Dynein light chain 8 (LC8) interacts with intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) and influences a wide range of biological processes. It is becoming apparent that among the numerous IDPs that interact with LC8, many contain multiple LC8-binding sites. Although it is established that LC8 forms parallel IDP duplexes with some partners, such as nucleoporin Nup159 and dynein intermediate chain, the molecular details of these interactions and LC8's interactions with other diverse partners remain largely uncharacterized.

Allosteric autoactivation of SOS and its kinetic mechanism.

Son of Sevenless (SOS), one of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), activates Ras. We discovered that the allosteric domain of SOS yields SOS to proceed a previously unrecognized autoactivation kinetics. Its essential feature is a time-dependent acceleration of SOS feedback activation with a reaction initiator or with the priming of active Ras.

Socioeconomic inequalities in alcohol use and some related consequences from a household perspective in Vietnam.

Introduction And Aims: Alcohol-related harm reduction may target individuals, their households or communities. This study investigates the prevalence of and socioeconomic inequalities in alcohol use and alcohol-related consequences (injury, accident, property loss and interpersonal violence) at the family-level.

Designs And Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 2394 households was conducted in eight provinces from six socioeconomic regions and two metropolitan cities in Vietnam.

The social location of harm from others' drinking in 10 societies.

Aims: Survey data from 10 diverse countries were used to analyse the social location of harms from others' drinking: which segments of the population are more likely to be adversely affected by such harm, and how does this differ between societies?

Methods: General-population surveys in Australia, Chile, India, Laos, New Zealand, Nigeria, Sri Lanka, Thailand, United States and Vietnam, with a primary focus on the social location of the harmed person by gender, age groups, rural/urban residence and drinking status. Harms from known drinkers were analysed separately from harms from strangers.

Results: In all sites, risky or moderate drinkers were more likely than abstainers to report harm from the drinking of known drinkers, with risky drinkers the most likely to report harm.