A narrative review of COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (CARDS): "typical" or "atypical" ARDS?

Background And Objective: The coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) is highly infectious and mainly involves the respiratory system, with some patients rapidly progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which is the leading cause of death in COVID-19 patients. Hence, fully understanding the features of COVID-19-related ARDS (CARDS) and early management of this disease would improve the prognosis and reduce the mortality of severe COVID-19. With the development of recent studies which have focused on CARDS, whether CARDS is "typical" or "atypical" ARDS has become a hotly debated topic.

Enhancing Thermoelectrics for Small-Bandwidth n-Type PbTe-MnTe Alloys via Balancing Compromise.

Small-bandwidth n-type PbTe-MnTe alloys effectively modify the valley shape, while it also inevitably aggravates the deterioration of carrier mobility as nonpolar phonons dominate the scattering. It is found that a trace amount of Cu doping can alleviate the compromises among thermoelectric parameters, thereby significantly optimizing the electrical-transport performance near room temperature of n-type PbTe-MnTe alloys. The single-Kane model reveals that the physical origin of performance improvement lies in the carrier mobility enhancement and self-optimization of carrier concentration.

High Quality Factor Enabled by Multiscale Phonon Scattering for Enhancing Thermoelectrics in Low-Solubility n-Type PbTe-CuTe Alloys.

The fundamental challenge for enhancing the thermoelectric performance of n-type PbTe to match p-type counterparts is to eliminate the Pb vacancy and reduce the lattice thermal conductivity. The Cu atom has shown the ability to fill the cationic vacancy, triggering improved mobility. However, the relatively higher solubility of CuTe limits the interface density in the n-type PbTe matrix, leading to a higher lattice thermal conductivity.

Optimized Strategies for Advancing n-Type PbTe Thermoelectrics: A Review.

p-Type and n-type thermoelectric semiconductor materials with compatible performance are key components for thermoelectric devices. Great improvement in thermoelectric performance has been achieved in p-type PbTe, whereas the n-type counterpart still shows much inferior thermoelectric performance compared to that of the p-type PbTe. This inspires many strategies focused on advancing n-type PbTe thermoelectrics.

Superconductivity related to the suppression of exciton formation in 1T-TiSe.

In strongly correlated electron system, the impact of elementary substitution or intercalation plays a crucial role in determining electronic ground state among various macroscopic quantum phases such as charge order and superconductivity. Here, we report that simultaneous Cu intercalation and Ta substitution at Ti site in 1T-CuTiTaSeinduce an intrinsic electronic phase diagram, characterized by an inherent superconducting transition in theregion of 0 ⩽⩽ 0.12, with a maximum superconducting transition temperatureof 2.

Reducing Effective Mass for Advancing Thermoelectrics in Sb/Bi-Doped AgCrSe Compounds.

Liquid-like materials have attracted increasing attention, owing to their phonon-liquid electron-crystal feature. As a typical representative, the superionic conductor AgCrSe is regarded as a promising thermoelectric for its intrinsic ultralow lattice thermal conductivity. The primary challenge for achieving high thermoelectric performance is to enhance the inferior electronic performance in AgCrSe compounds.

Texturization-Induced In-Plane High-Performance Thermoelectrics and Inapplicability of the Debye Model to Out-of-Plane Lattice Thermal Conductivity in Misfit-Layered Chalcogenides.

Texturization tuning is of crucial significance for designing and developing high-performance thermoelectric materials and devices. Here, we report for the first time that a strong texturization effect induces an in-plane high-performance thermoelectric and an out-of-plane low lattice thermal conductivity in Sb-substituted misfit-layered (SnS)(TiS) alloys. In the in-plane direction, the oriented texture promotes a high carrier mobility, contributing to the maximization of the power factor (∼0.