Duration of infectious virus shedding of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant among immunocompromised patients.

Objective: The duration of viral shedding and criteria for de-isolation in the hospital among immunocompromised patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate viral shedding duration in immunocompromised patients infected with the Omicron variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was performed at 2 tertiary medical centers in Japan during the Omicron epidemic waves from July 2022 to January 2023.

Preoperative pembrolizumab‑induced hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in a patient with breast cancer: A case report.

Recently, the anti-programmed cell death protein 1 antibody pembrolizumab, a type of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI), has been used in preoperative systemic chemotherapy for hormone receptor and human epidermal growth factor 2-negative breast cancer, also known as triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Chemotherapy with pembrolizumab has demonstrated clinical activity in terms of pathologic complete response and event-free survival. Despite their efficacy, the current understanding of the full spectrum of side effects associated with relatively new ICIs remains incomplete.

The safety of plasma apheresis from donors recovering from COVID-19 infection in Japan.

Purpose: Since 2020, the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) has spread globally. A few studies have investigated the safety of COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) apheresis from COVID-19. This study was the first retrospective observational study of CCP in Japan.

Preserved SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing IgG activity of in-house manufactured COVID-19 convalescent plasma.

Purpose: In the current study, we aimed to evaluate the neutralizing IgG activity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) as well as the coagulation factors of convalescent plasmas which we manufactured in-house without a fast-freezing technique.

Methods: We collected plasmas from eligible participants who had confirmed certain titers of neutralizing antibodies. The plasmas were frozen and stored in the ordinary biofreezer without a fast-freezing function.

Tandem autologous stem cell transplantation in elderly patients with myeloma: A multicenter retrospective analysis.

Tandem autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) has been reconsidered for high-risk patients with myeloma, and the eligibility criteria for up-front ASCT have been updated to include more elderly patients. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of tandem ASCT in elderly patients with myeloma compared to tandem ASCT in young patients and single ASCT in elderly patients. A retrospective study using the Transplant Registry Unified Management Program database of the Japanese Society for Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, which included 64 elderly and 613 young patients who received tandem ASCT, and 891 elderly patients who received single ASCT, was conducted.

Mental foramen in panoramic radiography can be a reference for discrimination of punched-out lesions in the mandible in patients with symptomatic multiple myeloma: A cross-sectional study.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematopoietic malignancy characterized by monoclonal proliferation of plasma cells. MM features bony radiolucencies called punched-out lesions (POLs), which require appropriate diagnosis due to increased risk of surgically-related adverse events. Although dental surgeons can identify dental focal infections (DFIs) in MM patients, the prevalence and characteristics of POLs in the jawbone of MM patients have not been investigated.

Amplified EPOR/JAK2 Genes Define a Unique Subtype of Acute Erythroid Leukemia.

Unlabelled: Acute erythroid leukemia (AEL) is a unique subtype of acute myeloid leukemia characterized by prominent erythroid proliferation whose molecular basis is poorly understood. To elucidate the underlying mechanism of erythroid proliferation, we analyzed 121 AEL using whole-genome, whole-exome, and/or targeted-capture sequencing, together with transcriptome analysis of 21 AEL samples. Combining publicly available sequencing data, we found a high frequency of gains and amplifications involving EPOR/JAK2 in TP53-mutated cases, particularly those having >80% erythroblasts designated as pure erythroid leukemia (10/13).

A Case of Recurrent Ovarian Cancer and Therapy-Related Acute Myeloid Leukemia Treated with Azacitidine.

Therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome (tMDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (tAML) are lethal complications of chemotherapy. The incidence rates are expected to increase owing to improvements of cancer treatment. Early diagnosis of tMDS/AML is crucial because AML progresses rapidly.

Characterization of myeloid neoplasms following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation.

We compared characteristics of myeloid neoplasms (MNs) following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) versus autologous HCT using a Japanese HCT registry database. Among 43 788 patients who underwent allogeneic (n = 18 874) or autologous HCT (n = 24 914) for non-myeloid malignancies or non-malignant diseases, 352 developed MNs. The cumulative incidence of MNs was lower after allogeneic HCT than after autologous HCT (0.

The influence of pre-admission antiplatelet and anticoagulation therapy on the illness severity in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Japan.

Introduction: Many articles have reported that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes coagulation abnormalities and pulmonary thrombosis, contributing to a poorer prognosis. The study aimed to evaluate whether pre-admission anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy prevented severe COVID-19 illness or not.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a study to determine whether taking antiplatelet or anticoagulation agents before admission affected the severity on admission using a large nationwide cohort of hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Japan.

R-CHOP-14 versus R-CHOP-14/CHASER for upfront autologous transplantation in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: JCOG0908 study.

The efficiency of upfront consolidation with high-dose chemotherapy/autologous stem-cell transplantation (HDCT/ASCT) for newly diagnosed high-risk diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) may be influenced by induction chemotherapy. To select better induction chemotherapy regimens for HDCT/ASCT, a randomized phase II study was conducted in high-risk DLBCL patients having an age-adjusted International Prognostic Index (aaIPI) score of 2 or 3. As induction chemotherapy, 6 cycles of R-CHOP-14 (arm A) or 3 cycles of R-CHOP-14 followed by 3 cycles of CHASER (arm B) were planned, and patients who responded proceeded to HDCT with LEED and ASCT.

Disappearance of monosomy 7 in a patient with aplastic anemia after eltrombopag treatment.

We present the case of a patient with aplastic anemia (AA) who was treated with eltrombopag. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the disappearance of monosomy 7 after eltrombopag treatment. The patient was a 77-year-old woman with intraoral hematoma and purpura who was diagnosed with very severe AA with a normal karyotype.

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for aplastic anemia with pre-transplant conditioning using fludarabine, reduced-dose cyclophosphamide, and low-dose thymoglobulin: A KSGCT prospective study.

The optimal pre-transplant conditioning for aplastic anemia (AA) remains unclear. We performed a prospective study on allogeneic transplantation from a related or unrelated donor for adult patients with AA. We assessed whether reduced-dose cyclophosphamide (CY) could decrease toxicity while maintaining engraftment, and low-dose thymoglobulin could safely prevent graft-vs-host disease (GVHD).

[Successful treatment of large granular lymphocytic leukemia accompanied by refractory anemia with alemtuzumab].

A 39-year-old man with anemia presented at our hospital in November 2011. Peripheral blood analysis revealed lymphocytosis with a large granular lymphocyte (LGL) count of 2,272/µl, with CD3+, CD4-, CD8+, CD56-, TCR-αβ+; Southern blotting analysis revealed clonal TCR Cβ 1 gene rearrangement, leading to the diagnosis of T-LGL leukemia. In June 2012, the patient was administered with cyclophosphamide as an initial treatment because he developed transfusion-dependent anemia.