Artificial intelligence-driven rational design of ionizable lipids for mRNA delivery.

Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have proven effective in mRNA delivery, as evidenced by COVID-19 vaccines. Its key ingredient, ionizable lipids, is traditionally optimized by inefficient and costly experimental screening. This study leverages artificial intelligence (AI) and virtual screening to facilitate the rational design of ionizable lipids by predicting two key properties of LNPs, apparent pKa and mRNA delivery efficiency.

New insights into the interactions between the antibiotic enrofloxacin and fish protein by spectroscopic, thermodynamic, and theoretical simulation approaches.

In this study, myofibrillar proteins (MPs) from crucian carp were utilized as a model to investigate the binding mechanism between fish proteins and antibiotic residues. Fluorescence quenching confirmed the static quenching (K = 1.89 × 10 M s, K = 1.

The Influence of Alkyl Spacers and Molecular Weight on the Charge Transport and Storage Properties of Oxy-Bithiophene-Based Conjugated Polymers.

Conjugated polymers (CPs) with polar side chains can conduct electronic and ionic charges simultaneously, making them promising for bioelectronics, electrocatalysis and energy storage. Recent work showed that adding alkyl spacers between CP backbones and polar side chains improved electronic charge carrier mobility, reduced swelling and enhanced stability, without compromising ion transport. However, how alkyl spacers impact polymer backbone conformation and, subsequently, electronic properties remain unclear.

Creating Single-Crystalline β-CaSiO for High-Performance Dielectric Packaging Substrate.

β-CaSiO based glass-ceramics are among the most reliable materials for electronic packaging. However, developing a CaSiO glass-ceramic substrate with both high strength (>230 MPa) and low dielectric constant (<5) remains challenging due to its polycrystalline nature. The present work has succeeded in synthesizing single-crystalline β-CaSiO for a high-performance glass-ceramic substrate.

Correcting Misperceptions about Support for Social Distancing to Combat COVID-19.

Can informing people of high community support for social distancing encourage them to do more of it? We randomly assigned a treatment correcting individuals' underestimates of community support for social distancing. In theory, informing people that more neighbors support social distancing than expected encourages and the perceived benefits from social distancing. At the same time, the treatment induces people to revise their beliefs about the infectiousness of COVID-19 upwards; this effect as well as the effect the perceived benefits from social distancing.

Cold plasma and honey synergistically inhibit polyphenol oxidase to enhance fresh-cut apple preservation.

Fresh-cut apple slices (FAS) are prone to browning and microbiological safety issues. This study investigated the synergistic effects of cold plasma (CP) treatment and honey coating (HC) on preserving FAS quality during storage. Among six honeys, 10 % jujube honey exhibited the strongest anti-browning effect.

Enhancing automatic sleep stage classification with cerebellar EEG and machine learning techniques.

Sleep disorders have become a significant health concern in modern society. To investigate and diagnose sleep disorders, sleep analysis has emerged as the primary research method. Conventional polysomnography primarily relies on cerebral electroencephalography (EEG) and electromyography (EMG) for sleep stage scoring, but manual scoring is time-consuming and subjective.

An enzyme-free immunosorbent assay of staphylococcal enterotoxin B using a three-way DNA junction amplifier with an automatic reset function.

A highly sensitive immunoadsorption assay without traditional horseradish peroxidase for signal amplification was developed, utilizing a three-way DNA junction amplifier instead. The formation of a three-way DNA junction and release of trigger DNA with recycling was accomplished by toehold-mediated strand displacement. The fluorescent dye -methyl mesoporphyrin IX, with highly structure-specific binding affinity towards G-quadruplexes, was employed for label-free and simple signal output.

Feasibility and safety of a cable transmission magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy system for examination of the human upper digestive tract.

Objectives: To evaluate the safety and feasibility of the cable-transmitted, magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy (CT-MCCE) system for examining the esophagus and stomach.

Methods: A pilot study was carried out at the endoscopy facility of Peking University First Hospital; 30 volunteers were enrolled between September and November 2022. All participants were instructed to swallow the CT-MCCE capsule.

mRNA-encoded fluorescent proteins enable superior organelle labeling for live cell imaging.

Live cell labeling of various organelles is of great demand in the research field of cell biology. However, current approaches often lack an optimal balance between efficiency and versatility. We took advantage of chemical modified mRNA to express various organelle located fluorescent proteins.

Glutenin phase transition as a method of fabricating primer for superhydrophobic and corrosion-resistant coating.

Concerns over food safety arising from conventional plastic and resin-based corrosion barriers cannot be underestimated, particularly in light of the potential for plasticizer migration. We introduce an environmental-friendly and sustainable approach to develop superhydrophobic and anticorrosion coatings. This involved a unique process where glutenin, post-reduction with tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine, underwent a phase transition, naturally adhering to diverse surfaces to form a foundational primer.

Systemic air embolism associated with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: A case report.

Background: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a key procedure for diagnosing and treating biliary and pancreatic disorders. Although effective, it carries risks, including rare but severe complications such as air embolism.

Case Summary: We report a case of a 58-year-old man who developed extensive air embolism during ERCP.

Transcriptome Analysis of Rice Near-Isogenic Lines Inoculated with Two Strains of pv. , AH28 and PXO99.

Rice bacterial blight (BB), caused by pv. (), is a major threat to rice production and food security. Exploring new resistance genes and developing varieties with broad-spectrum and high resistance has been a key focus in rice disease resistance research.

Unveiling the Correlation between Protein, Protein Corona, and Target Signal Loss in SERS Detection.

The application of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technology is hindered by the protein corona in a protein-rich complex matrix, which is a hot and important issue that needs consideration. However, the impact of the protein corona on SERS detection has not been fully studied. Herein, we selected three proteins, α-lactalbumin (α-La), β-lactoglobulin (β-Lg), and bovine serum albumin (BSA), as models for forming a protein corona, and melamine was employed as the target in SERS detection.

Subregional parabolic conformal multi-order OAM-generating transmitarray with a novel C-I-shaped grating cell.

A parabolic conformal multi-order OAM-generating transmitarray with novel C-I-shaped grating cell is presented in this paper. The novel cell is composed of three layers of the upper and lower grating structures, and the C-I-shaped metal in the middle layer. Compared with the traditional C-shaped structure, the novel cell can be adjusted to cover 360° transmission phase change with high transmission coefficient at the frequency band of 10-20 GHz.

Conical conformal OAM-generating transmitarray with high transmission double C-shaped grating metasurface.

This paper presents a conical conformal transmitarray (CCTA) with high transmission double C-shaped grating metasurface for generating orbital angular momentum (OAM) vortex waves. A double C-shaped grating metasurface element is proposed to achieve the 360° phase coverage in the 11-13 GHz bandwidth with a high transmission coefficient of more than 0.92.

Pan-genomic characterization and structural variant analysis reveal insights into spore development and species diversity in .

Understanding the genomic diversity and functional implications of species is crucial for elucidating their evolutionary history and biotechnological potential. Here, we present the first pan-genomic analysis of spp., combining five newly sequenced genomes with ten publicly available genomes.

A dual-emission carbon dots/gold nanoclusters fluorescent probe for ratiometric and colorimetric detection of Pb and Hg.

A novel fluorescent probe, carbon dots/gold nanoclusters (CDs/AuNCs), was prepared for ratiometric and colorimetric detection of Pb and Hg simultaneously. The as-prepared probe exhibited two distinct emission peaks at 445 nm and 610 nm. During the detection process, Pb could quench blue fluorescence due to the formation of the CDs-Pb complex and does not affect orange fluorescence.

Visualizing ER-phagy and ER architecture in vivo.

ER-phagy is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism crucial for maintaining cellular homeostasis. However, significant gaps persist in our understanding of how ER-phagy and the ER network vary across cell subtypes, tissues, and organs. Furthermore, the pathophysiological relevance of ER-phagy remains poorly elucidated.

Rapid Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for Determination of Total and Free Testosterone in Human Serum and Its Application to Monitoring Biomarker Response of Elite Athletes.

Total testosterone (TT) and free testosterone (FT) are important biochemical markers for anabolism of the human body, and can also serve as early screening indicators for overtraining syndrome (OTS). Presently, there is no fast and reliable serum TT and FT determination method in the field of sport science that can meet the requirements of sports research. Thus, a rapid and accurate determination method for serum TT and FT to fill the gap is needed urgently in sports training.

Entire ultrathin two-dimensional pseudocapacitive nanosheets with high active covalent groups for flexible asymmetric all-solid-state micro-pseudocapacitors with high energy density and long cycle life.

Micro-supercapacitors (MSCs) are gradually emerging as a strong contender for the next wearable and portable micro-energy storage devices. Low energy density and poor stability are significant challenges to their widespread application. Based on this, a novel asymmetric all-solid-state Micro-pseudocapacitors (AMPCs) is designed elaborately, in which all the active materials are based on conducting two-dimensional (2D) materials with thin lamellar thickness and active covalent groups on the surface.

Welding Characteristics of Medium Titanium Plates with Autogenous Laser Welding and Narrow-Gap Laser Filling Welding Modes.

Titanium and titanium alloys with a medium thickness of 5 to 12 mm are widely used for ocean platforms, military equipment and in other fields because of their light weight, appropriate strength and corrosion resistance. In this study, autogenous laser welding and narrow-gap laser welding processes were researched and compared, and the welding characteristics, weld microstructure and joint strength were analyzed. The results showed that autogenous laser welding had higher efficiency, narrower weld width and higher microstructure uniformity.