Fractional and stochastic modeling of breast cancer progression with real data validation.

This study presents a novel approach to modeling breast cancer dynamics, one of the most significant health threats to women worldwide. Utilizing a piecewise mathematical framework, we incorporate both deterministic and stochastic elements of cancer progression. The model is divided into three distinct phases: (1) initial growth, characterized by a constant-order Caputo proportional operator (CPC), (2) intermediate growth, modeled by a variable-order CPC, and (3) advanced stages, capturing stochastic fluctuations in cancer cell populations using a stochastic operator.

Analysis of octane isomer properties via topological descriptors of line graphs.

Currently, graph-based molecular structure descriptors are frequently used in QSAR (Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship) and QSPR (Quantitative Structure-Property Relationship) modeling of the properties of chemical compounds. Octane isomers have an important role in the testing of such relationships. In this study, we compute some well-known topological descriptors of the molecular graphs of isomeric octanes and their line graphs, both indices and coindices.

Analysis of Entropy Generation via Non-Similar Numerical Approach for Magnetohydrodynamics Casson Fluid Flow with Joule Heating.

This analysis emphasizes the significance of radiation and chemical reaction effects on the boundary layer flow (BLF) of Casson liquid over a linearly elongating surface, as well as the properties of momentum, entropy production, species, and thermal dispersion. The mass diffusion coefficient and temperature-dependent models of thermal conductivity and species are used to provide thermal transportation. Nonlinear partial differential equations (NPDEs) that go against the conservation laws of mass, momentum, heat, and species transportation are the form arising problems take on.

Optimizing control efficiency in discrete-time multi-agent systems via event-triggered containment techniques combining disturbance handling and input delay management.

The goal of this paper is to mitigate disturbances and input delays while optimizing controller actuation updates for discrete-time multi-agent systems through the use of an event-triggered confinement control system, especially in resource-constrained scenarios. This approach when combined with event-triggered control techniques, then every follower in the system adjusts its condition at specified times based on an event-triggered condition that is suggested. The containment control system issue in the presence of disturbances and input delays was tackled by using both decentralized and centralized event-triggered control systems.

Rhaponticum acaule (L) DC essential oil: chemical composition, in vitro antioxidant and enzyme inhibition properties.

Background: α-glucosidase is a therapeutic target for diabetes mellitus (DM) and α-glucosidase inhibitors play a vital role in the treatments for the disease. Furthermore, xanthine oxidase (XO) is a key enzyme that catalyzes hypoxanthine and xanthine to uric acid which at high levels can lead to hyperuricemia which is an important cause of gout. Pancreatic lipase (PL) secreted into the duodenum plays a key role in the digestion and absorption of fats.

Functional characterization and FTIR-based 3D modeling of full length and truncated forms of Scorpio maurus venom phospholipase A.

Background: Heterodimeric phospholipase A from venom glands of Tunisian scorpion Scorpio maurus (Sm-PLGV) had been purified. It contains long and short chains linked by a disulfide bridge. Sm-PLGV exhibits hemolytic activity towards human erythrocytes and interacts with phospholipid monolayers at high surface pressure.

Inhibition of pancreatic lipase and amylase by extracts of different spices and plants.

The aim of this study is to search new anti-obesity and anti-diabetic agents from plant and spices crude extracts as alternative to synthetic drugs. The inhibitory effect of 72 extracts was evaluated, in vitro, on lipase and amylase activities. Aqueous extracts of cinnamon and black tea exhibited an appreciable inhibitory effect on pancreatic amylase with IC values of 18 and 87 μg, respectively.

Biochemical and monolayer characterization of Tunisian snake venom phospholipases.

The present study investigated the kinetic and interfacial properties of two secreted phospholipases isolated from Tunisian vipers'venoms: Cerastes cerastes (CC-PLA2) and Macrovipera lebetina transmediterranea (MVL-PLA2). Results show that these enzymes have great different abilities to bind and hydrolyse phospholipids. Using egg-yolk emulsions as substrate at pH 8, we found that MVL-PLA2 has a specific activity of 1473U/mg at 37°C in presence of 1mM CaCl2.

Cloning and molecular modeling of a thermostable carboxylesterase from the chicken uropygial glands.

Starting from total uropygial glands mRNAs, chicken uropygial carboxylesterase (cuCES) cDNA was synthesized by RT-PCR and cloned into the PGEM-T vector. Amino acid sequence of the cuCES is compared to that of human liver carboxylesterase 1 (hCES1). Given the high amino acid sequence homology between the two enzymes, a 3-D structure model of the chicken carboxylesterase was built using the structure of hCES1 as template.

A thermoactive secreted phospholipase A₂ purified from the venom glands of Scorpio maurus: relation between the kinetic properties and the hemolytic activity.

A lipolytic activity was located in the scorpion venom glands (telsons), from which a phospholipase A₂ (Sm-PLVG) was purified. Like known phospholipases A₂ from scorpion venom, which are 14-18 kDa proteins, the purified Scorpio maurus-Phospholipase from Venom Glands (Sm-PLVG) has a molecular mass of 17 kDa containing long and short chains linked by disulfide bridge. It has a specific activity of 5500 U/mg measured at 47 °C and pH 8.

A thermoactive uropygial esterase from chicken: purification, characterisation and synthesis of flavour esters.

A lipolytic activity was located in the chicken uropygial glands, from which a carboxylesterase (CUE) was purified. Pure CUE has an apparent molecular mass of 50 kDa. The purified esterase displayed its maximal activity (200 U/mg) on short-chain triacylglycerols (tributyrin) at a temperature of 50°C.

Purification, biochemical and kinetic properties of recombinant Staphylococcus aureus lipase.

We have compared the purification procedures as well as the biochemical and kinetic properties of wild type (wt-SAL3), untagged recombinant (rec(-His)SAL3), and tagged recombinant (rec(+His)SAL3) purified forms of Staphylococcus aureus lipase (SAL3). We used the pH-stat method (with emulsified tributyrin and olive oil as substrates) and the monomolecular film technique (with the three dicaprin isomers spread in the form of monomolecular films at the air-water interface). The data obtained showed that the recombinant expression process as well as the presence of a his-tag at the N-terminus of recombinant SAL3 affects significantly many biochemical and catalytic properties.

Partial characterization of a novel amylase activity isolated from Tunisian Ficus carica latex.

Context: A large number of plants still need to be investigated through screening of amylases suitable for industry. In the present study, and for the first time, we describe the amylolytic activity of Saint Pedro Ficus carica L. (Moraceae) crude latex of Kahli and Bidhi varieties.

A new chymotrypsin-like serine protease involved in dietary protein digestion in a primitive animal, Scorpio maurus: purification and biochemical characterization.

Background: Most recent works on chymotrypsins have been focused on marine animals and insects. However, no study was reported in chelicerate.

Results: Scorpion chymotrypsin-like protease (SCP) was purified to homogeneity from delipidated hepatopancreases.

Digestive amylase of a primitive animal, the scorpion: purification and biochemical characterization.

Scorpion, one of the most ancient invertebrates was chosen, as a model of a primitive animal, to purify and characterize an amylase located in the hepatopancreas. The scorpion digestive amylase (SDA) was purified. Pure SDA was obtained after heat treatment followed by ammonium sulfate fractionation and three steps of chromatography.