Relapsing and refractory peritoneal dialysis peritonitis caused by Corynebacterium amycolatum.

Background: Peritonitis is an important complication and cause of morbidity in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD). Corynebacterium species, often considered skin and mucosal contaminants, are a rare cause of PD-associated peritonitis and have been acknowledged in published guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of PD peritonitis only over the last decade.

Case-diagnosis/treatment: We present two children with difficult-to-treat episodes of PD peritonitis due to Corynebacterium amycolatum.