Functional and phenotypic changes in natural killer cells expressing immune checkpoint receptors PD-1, CTLA-4, LAG-3, and TIGIT in non-small cell lung cancer: the comparative analysis of tumor microenvironment, peripheral venous blood, and tumor-draining veins.

Natural killer (NK) cells are a cytotoxic subset of innate lymphoid cells and have key roles in antitumoral immunity. This study evaluates the roles of immune checkpoint receptors on NK cell phenotype and functions both before and after circulation through tumor tissue. Twenty non-small cell lung cancer patients undergoing surgery and 21 healthy controls were included.

Effect of body mass index on immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy in patients with advanced cancer.

Background: The need for predictive factors regarding the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is increasing. Recent research indicates that an enhanced response to ICIs is associated with a higher body mass index (BMI). This study aims to evaluate the relationship between response to ICIs and BMI in solid tumors.

Hyperprogressive disease in patients with advanced cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Background: Hyperprogressive disease (HPD) is a new phenomenon developing in the era of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. HPD is characterized by an unexpected and fast progression in tumor volume and poor survival. There is no standardized definition for HPD and clinicopathological variables associated with HPD are unclear.

Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of nivolumab in the second- or later-line treatment of patients with locally advanced/metastatic non-small cell lung cancer in Türkiye: a retrospective multicenter non-interventional registry study.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of nivolumab in the second-line (2L) or later-line (LL) treatment of patients with locally advanced/metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in real-life setting in Türkiye.

Methods: This study was designed as a national, multi-center, retrospective study. The study population was evaluated in two groups for the line of nivolumab therapy: those receiving nivolumab in the 2L (Group 2L) and third-line (3L) or LL (Group 3L/LL).

The effects of low HER2 expression on survival in patients with metastatic breast cancer treated with CDK 4/6 inhibitors: a multicenter retrospective study.

Purpose: Endocrine therapy (ET) in combination with CDK 4/6 inhibitors (CDK 4/6i) is the standard treatment modality for hormone receptor (HR)-positive and HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer (mBC). There is uncertainty about the prognostic and predictive value of HER2-low status and whether HER2-low BC is an individual biologic subtype. In this study, we aimed to investigate the prognostic effect of HER2 expression status on survival in mBC patients treated with first-line ET plus CDK 4/6i.

3-4 Cycles versus 6 Cycles Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Advanced-Stage Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: Survival Is Not Determined by the Number of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Cycles.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) of patients who underwent interval cytoreductive surgery after 3-4 cycles or 6 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer patients.

Methods: Out of 219 patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer, 123 patients received 3-4 cycles and 96 patients received 6 cycles of platinum-based NACT. Afterward, laparotomy was performed for interval cytoreductive surgery.

Effect of antibiotic treatment on immune checkpoint inhibitors efficacy in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Gut microbiotaplays a crucial role in immune response. Recent data have shown that antibiotic (ATB) usage influences efficacy of immune check point inhibitors (ICIs) via altering microbiota of the gut.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with ICIs as monotherapy or combination with chemotherapy (ChT) at the one academic center.

Radiation recall myositis with pazopanib in a patient with soft tissue sarcoma.

Introduction: Radiation recall reaction is an acute inflammatory reaction confined to previously irradiated areas that are most commonly triggered by the administration of anti-cancer agents after radiotherapy. Radiation recall myositis is a relatively rare form of radiation recall reaction.

Case Report: Here we report a 29-year-old female patient who suffered from metastatic monophasic synovial sarcoma.

The Predictive Importance of Body Mass Index on Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients with Breast Cancer.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of body mass index (BMI) on the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in Turkish patients with local and locally advanced breast cancer.

Methods: The pathological responses for the breast and axilla were assessed according to the Miller-Payne grading (MPG) system. Tumors were grouped into molecular phenotypes and classified as response rates according to the MPG system after the completion of NACT.

Relationship between pathological response and molecular subtypes in locally advanced breast cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Majority of patients with breast cancer were diagnosed with locally advanced stages of the disease (54%). This study aimed to explain the pathological response received to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) according to the molecular classification of breast cancer in patients with locally advanced tumors. One hundred and one patients with locally advanced breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy were analyzed.

Merkel cell carcinoma in Turkey: A multicentric study.

Background: Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare but highly aggressive neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the clinicopathologic characteristics, treatment outcomes, and survival of MCC cases in Turkey.

Materials And Methods: The patients diagnosed with MCC between 1999 and 2018 at twenty different centers in Turkey were included in the study.

Local aromatase activity alterations in breast cancer tissues: A potential way of decision support for clinicians.

Background And Aims: It is becoming evident that local estrogen exposure is important in postmenopausal breast cancer patients. The microenvironment is established by breast stromal cells based on communication with tumor cells that is essential to cancer development, invasion, and metastasis. Here we investigated aromatase activity levels in both tumor and matched stromal tissues by showing their impact on the manufacturing of local estrogen and tumor progression in cases of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC).

GLASS: Global Lorlatinib for ALK(+) and ROS1(+) retrospective Study: real world data of 123 NSCLC patients.

Unlabelled: Lorlatinib is a third-generation tyrosine-kinases inhibitor (TKI) targeting ALK/ROS1 fusions. The FDA has approved lorlatinib for TKI-pretreated ALK(+) NSCLC, while its approval for ROS1(+) is still pending. Here we present the largest real-world data of NSCLC patients harboring ALK/ROS1 rearrangements treated with lorlatinib.

Pembrolizumab versus chemotherapy for previously untreated, PD-L1-expressing, locally advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (KEYNOTE-042): a randomised, open-label, controlled, phase 3 trial.

Background: First-line pembrolizumab monotherapy improves overall and progression-free survival in patients with untreated metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer with a programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) tumour proportion score (TPS) of 50% or greater. We investigated overall survival after treatment with pembrolizumab monotherapy in patients with a PD-L1 TPS of 1% or greater.

Methods: This randomised, open-label, phase 3 study was done in 213 medical centres in 32 countries.

Prognostic factors for survival in patients with metastatic malign melanoma treated with ipilimumab: Turkish Oncology Group study.

Purpose: Studies in the last decade show survival improvement with checkpoint blocker therapy in patients with metastatic malign melanoma. Our purpose was to define the efficacy of ipilimumab according to the patient's baseline characteristics including absolute lymphocytes count.

Methods: We collected the data of 97 patients with advanced malign melanoma treated with ipilimumab (3 mg/kg, q3w) retrospectively.

Prognostic value of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) in invasive breast carcinomas.

Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) has been identified as a marker of cancer stem cells in breast cancer (BC). Recent studies showed that ALDH1 expression is correlated with poor prognostic parameters and worse clinical outcome in BC. We evaluated ALDH1 expression by immunohistochemistry in a series of 217 invasive BCs and investigated the correlation between ALDH1 expression and clinicopathological parameters, molecular subtypes (luminal A, luminal B, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 [HER2] type, and triple-negative BC [TNBC]), and patient survival.

A national, multicenter, non-interventional, observational study on treatment patterns in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma in Turkey - NOTES study.

Introduction: The introduction of targeted therapies in renal cell carcinoma has significantly improved its prognosis and treatment outcomes in recent years. Such treatment options are targeted therapies of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway and the mammalian target of the rapamycin pathway. With the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and mammalian target of the rapamycin inhibitors, overall survival has increased up to 2 years.

Atezolizumab versus docetaxel in patients with previously treated non-small-cell lung cancer (OAK): a phase 3, open-label, multicentre randomised controlled trial.

Background: Atezolizumab is a humanised antiprogrammed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) monoclonal antibody that inhibits PD-L1 and programmed death-1 (PD-1) and PD-L1 and B7-1 interactions, reinvigorating anticancer immunity. We assessed its efficacy and safety versus docetaxel in previously treated patients with non-small-cell lung cancer.

Methods: We did a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial (OAK) in 194 academic or community oncology centres in 31 countries.

Evaluation of Local CYP17A1 and CYP19A1 Expression Levels as Prognostic Factors in Postmenopausal Invasive Ductal Breast Cancer Cases.

There is growing attention focused on local estrogen production in the breast tissue and its possible role in breast cancer initiation and progression. Understanding the underlying mechanisms for estrogen synthesis and the microenvironment consisting of tumor and its surrounding adipose tissue might open new avenues in breast cancer prevention, prognosis and treatment. In order to obtain insight, we compared peritumoral and tumor tissue expressions of CYP17A1 and CYP19A1 genes, which play an important role in estrogen biosynthesis.

Increased Caseload Volume is Associated With Better Oncologic Outcomes After Laparoscopic Resections for Colorectal Cancer.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of caseload volume on the outcomes of open and laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer.

Methods: Between April 1999 and January 2011, patients who underwent open or laparoscopic resection for colorectal adenocarcinoma with curative intent were identified. There were 2 groups of surgeons, whose primary practice is gastrointestinal surgery (n=5, group A) and general surgery (n=14, group B).

Cutaneous melanoma in Turkey: analysis of 1157 patients in the Melanoma Turkish Study.

Purpose: To develop a large Turkish National Melanoma registry in order to define demographic and clinicopathologic characteristics of patients with melanoma.

Methods: The data was collected from 1635 patients with melanoma through a web-based registry system in 22 centers. Herein we present the results of 1157 patients with cutaneous melanoma.