The impact of the Apfel scoring system for prophylaxis of post-operative nausea and vomiting: A randomized controlled trial.

Background And Aims: Post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is common, undesirable, and stressful following surgery. By focusing attention and resources on those groups of patients most likely to develop PONV, the quality of care provided to the patients can be improved. The primary objective was to compare the incidence of PONV after implementation of the Apfel scoring system with the control group receiving prophylaxis for every surgery.

Two manoeuvres to facilitate the oral insertion of LMA CTrach™.

Background And Aims: LMA CTrach, a new intubating conduit, has a thicker shaft compared to that of the intubating laryngeal mask airway (ILMA) due to the embedded optical fibres of the system. This causes difficulty during insertion despite normal mouth opening. Utility of two manoeuvres to overcome this was evaluated.

Influence of Physical Activity of the Rescuer on Chest Compression Duration and its Effects on Hemodynamics and Fatigue Levels of the Rescuer: A Simulation-based Study.

Background: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a lifesaving skill performed during the cardiac arrest. Various factors of rescuer affect CPR quality, and rescuers physical fitness is one among the important factors needs to be explored for improved CPR quality. This study aimed to assess the physical activity (PA) levels of the health care providers (HCPs) who were trained in basic life support (BLS) and its relationship on chest compression duration, hemodynamic parameters, and fatigue levels of the rescuers.

A prospective comparative study between prewarming and cowarming to prevent intraoperative hypothermia.

Background And Aims: Inadvertent perioperative hypothermia defined as the perioperative core temperature of <36°C is a common problem in day-to-day anesthesia practice. It is not clear from the literature whether prewarming, that is, initiation of convective warming of the patient at a time point prior to induction of anesthesia is superior or comparable to cowarming, that is, initiation of convective warming simultaneously with induction of anesthesia. We conducted this study to find whether cowarming is as good as prewarming in preventing the occurrence of intraoperative hypothermia.

Iatrogenic tracheobronchial tear during paediatric thoracoscopic oesophageal repair: an anaesthetic challenge.

Iatrogenic tracheobronchial injury is rare. Limited data is available on such injuries in infants and management of these is challenging. We present a 7-month-old male infant who was diagnosed with oesophageal stricture, and was planned for thoracoscopic repair of the same.

Tracheal intubation through laryngeal mask airway CTrach™ with polyvinyl chloride tube: Comparison between two orientations of the tracheal tube.

Background And Aims: Higher success rate of intubation is observed with the reverse orientation of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tracheal tube while intubating through laryngeal mask airway (LMA) Fastrach™. It is not clear whether the same is true during intubation through LMA CTrach™ visualizing the process of intubation. The primary aim of this study was to compare the influence of the PVC tracheal tube orientation on the success rate of intubation while intubating through LMA CTrach™.

Comparison between intravenous dexmedetomidine and local lignocaine infiltration to attenuate the haemodynamic response to skull pin head holder application during craniotomy.

Background And Aims: Skull pin application is intensely painful and can be accompanied by detrimental haemodynamic changes. We compared intravenous (IV) dexmedetomidine with local infiltration of lignocaine at pin application sites to attenuate haemodynamic changes associated with pin application.

Methods: Fifty-two patients undergoing craniotomy were randomised to either group dexmedetomidine (received 1 μg/kg dexmedetomidine over 10 min starting at induction of anaesthesia) or group lignocaine (received 3 ml of 2% lignocaine infiltration at pin application sites before pin application).

Premedication with gabapentin, alprazolam or a placebo for abdominal hysterectomy: Effect on pre-operative anxiety, post-operative pain and morphine consumption.

Background And Aims: Utility of gabapentin for pre-operative anxiolysis as compared to commonly administered alprazolam is not evident. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of pre-operative oral gabapentin 600 mg, alprazolam 0.5 mg or a placebo on pre-operative anxiety along with post-operative pain and morphine consumption.

Adult face mask for inhalational induction in a child with maxillofacial injury.

We report the anesthetic management in a 4-year-old child with maxillofacial injuries for emergency reduction of mandibular fracture. The problem of leakage of anesthetic gases through the externally communicating wound was successfully overcome by the use of an adult-sized face mask for inhalational induction of anesthesia in this case.

Does the newer preparation of propofol, an emulsion of medium/long chain triglycerides cause less injection pain in children when premixed with lignocaine?

Background: Injection pain during propofol administration can be particularly distressing in children. The newly available emulsion of propofol in medium and long chain triglycerides (LCT) is reported to cause less injection pain because of lower concentrations of free propofol. This study compared the incidence of injection pain during administration of propofol emulsion of LCT and propofol emulsion of medium and long chain triglycerides (MCT/LCT) both premixed with lignocaine in children.