Photocurrent Generation by Plant Light-Harvesting Complexes is Enhanced by Lipid-Linked Chromophores in a Self-Assembled Lipid Membrane.

The light-harvesting pigment-protein complex II (LHCII) from plants can be used as a component for biohybrid photovoltaic devices, acting as a photosensitizer to increase the photocurrent generated when devices are illuminated with sunlight. LHCII is effective at photon absorption in the red and blue regions of the visible spectrum, however, it has low absorption in the green region (550-650 nm). Previous studies have shown that synthetic chromophores can be used to fill this spectral gap and transfer additional energy to LHCII, but it was uncertain whether this would translate into an improved performance for photovoltaics.

Developing a tool to assess the health-related quality of life in calves with respiratory disease: tool refinement and construct validity testing.

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a major source of morbidity and mortality in calves and detection of the disease can be challenging. Diagnostic tools for BRD are typically based on the assessment of clinical signs. As experience of disease is associated with a poor quality of life and this poor emotional experience can be expressed in observable behaviour patterns, a quality-of-life approach might identify new indicators of disease.

Discovery and Development of Highly Potent and Orally Bioavailable Nonpeptidic αβ Integrin Inhibitors.

A series of 3-aryl(()-3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)butanoic acids were developed as potent orally bioavailable αβ integrin inhibitors. Starting from a zwitterionic peptidomimetic series optimized for inhaled administration, the balancing of potency and passive permeability to achieve suitable oral agents through modification and exploration of aryl substituents and p of the central cyclic amine is described. ()-4-(()-3-Fluoro-3-(2-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,8-naphthyridin-2-yl)ethyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-(3-(2-methoxyethoxy)phenyl)butanoic acid was found to have highly desirable oral pharmacokinetic profiles in rat, dog, and minipig, with low to moderate clearance (26%, 7%, and 18% liver blood flow, respectively), moderate volumes of distribution (3.

Selective treatment of clinical mastitis: Assessment of the net cash impact on dairy farms under diverse scenarios-A European perspective.

Selective treatment of clinical mastitis (STCM) potentially reduces antimicrobial use without negative implications on cow's milk production or health. However, this approach comes with additional costs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the net cash impact (NCI) of implementing STCM compared with blanket treatment of clinical mastitis (BTCM) under different diagnostic test turnaround times (24 h, 14 h, and 8 h) using a stochastic partial budget analysis with Monte Carlo simulation.

Evaluation of sensor-based health monitoring in dairy cows: Exploiting rumination times for health alerts around parturition.

The use of sensor-based measures of rumination time as a parameter for early disease detection has received a lot of attention in scientific research. This study aimed to assess the accuracy of health alerts triggered by a sensor-based accelerometer system within 2 different management strategies on a commercial dairy farm. Multiparous Holstein cows were enrolled during the dry-off period and randomly allocated to conventional (CON) or sensor-based (SEN) management groups at calving.

How do spin-scaled double hybrids designed for excitation energies perform for noncovalent excited-state interactions? An investigation on aromatic excimer models.

Time-dependent double hybrids with spin-component or spin-opposite scaling to their second-order perturbative correlation correction have demonstrated competitive robustness in the computation of electronic excitation energies. Some of the most robust are those recently published by our group (M. Casanova-Páez, L.

False-Positive Rate for Suspected Drug-Related Deaths Following Full Autopsy.

The sharp increase in drug-related deaths has tempted medical examiner/coroner offices to perform external examinations with comprehensive toxicology testing instead of performing a standard autopsy. Compounding the problem of an increasing workload has been the decrease in available forensic pathologists. Opting for external examinations on suspected drug-related fatalities, however, is antithetical to current best practices.

Interplay between environmental yielding and dynamic forcing modulates bacterial growth.

Many bacterial habitats-ranging from gels and tissues in the body to cell-secreted exopolysaccharides in biofilms-are rheologically complex, undergo dynamic external forcing, and have unevenly distributed nutrients. How do these features jointly influence how the resident cells grow and proliferate? Here, we address this question by studying the growth of Escherichia coli dispersed in granular hydrogel matrices with defined and highly tunable structural and rheological properties, under different amounts of external forcing imposed by mechanical shaking, and in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Our experiments establish a general principle: that the balance between the yield stress of the environment that the cells inhabit, σ, and the external stress imposed on the environment, σ, modulates bacterial growth by altering transport of essential nutrients to the cells.

Use of online educational resources before and during the COVID-19 era in oral and maxillofacial surgery.

Restrictions to traditional face-to-face meetings were mandated by many government authorities during the COVID-19 pandemic, impacting the delivery of educational training sessions for maxillofacial surgery trainees in the traditional group manner. An online survey was designed to review what effect the pandemic had on the use and uptake of online educational sources amongst a representative cohort of maxillofacial surgery trainees in higher specialist training. Their attitudes and satisfaction with online resources were considered.

Short communication: Temporal profiles of colostrum and milk haptoglobin and substance P in early lactation multiparous Holstein cows.

Milk markers have the potential to aid in the detection of cow disease in early lactation if the automation of milk analysis becomes commonplace. Characterising temporal profiles of milk markers in dairy cows will improve the understanding of basal concentrations in clinically healthy cows. The objective of this observational study was to characterise the variation and temporal profiles of colostrum and milk haptoglobin (Hp) and substance P concentrations within 21 days postcalving in clinically healthy multiparous Holstein dairy cows.

3D Printing Bacteria to Study Motility and Growth in Complex 3D Porous Media.

Bacteria are ubiquitous in complex three-dimensional (3D) porous environments, such as biological tissues and gels, and subsurface soils and sediments. However, the majority of previous work has focused on studies of cells in bulk liquids or at flat surfaces, which do not fully recapitulate the complexity of many natural bacterial habitats. Here, this gap in knowledge is addressed by describing the development of a method to 3D-print dense colonies of bacteria into jammed granular hydrogel matrices.

Two Bullet Wounds, One Bullet: The Atypical Fragmentation of a .223 Caliber Ammunition.

As the fifth leading cause of death in individuals aged 1 to 64 years in the United States, forensic pathologists frequently encounter firearm-related deaths and are trained to approach these cases by utilizing information from the investigation, radiographs, and autopsy findings to discern the logical sequence of events that lead to death. We also emphasize the importance and utility of various factors such as bullet wound characteristics, type of ammunition used, and type of tissues involved in a forensic pathologist's determination of events and in medicolegal investigations. However, the unusual presentations of firearm-related deaths can cause confusion and even frustration when there are contradicting circumstances or findings at work.

Characterization of an Injectable Chitosan Hydrogel for the Tunable, Localized Delivery of Immunotherapeutics.

Localized delivery of immunotherapeutics within a tumor has the potential to reduce systemic toxicities and improve treatment outcomes in cancer patients. Unfortunately, local retention of therapeutics following intratumoral injection is problematic and is insufficiently considered. Dense tumor architectures and high interstitial pressures rapidly exclude injections of saline and other low-viscosity solutions.

Noncovalently bound excited-state dimers: a perspective on current time-dependent density functional theory approaches applied to aromatic excimer models.

Excimers are supramolecular systems whose binding strength is influenced by many factors that are ongoing challenges for computational methods, such as charge transfer, exciton coupling, and London dispersion interactions. Treating the various intricacies of excimer binding at an adequate level is expected to be particularly challenging for time-dependent Density Functional Theory (TD-DFT) methods. In addition to well-known limitations for some TD-DFT methods in the description of charge transfer or exciton coupling, the inherent London dispersion problem from ground-state DFT translates to TD-DFT.

Retraction: Noncovalently bound excited-state dimers: a perspective on current time-dependent density functional theory approaches applied to aromatic excimer models.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1039/D2RA01703B.].

Gender Attributions by Cisgender and Gender Diverse Listeners Rating Vowels, Reading, and Monologues.

Objectives: To determine if listeners' attributions of speakers' gender vary by linguistic context and/or the listeners' gender identity.

Methods: Seventeen self-identified transgender adults assigned male at birth were audio-recorded prolonging /a/, reading sentences, and saying spontaneous monologues. Eighteen adults (10 cisgender and 8 gender-diverse individuals) listened and used a 1-5 scale (1: very masculine, 2: somewhat masculine, 3: androgynous, 4: somewhat feminine, and 5: very feminine) to rate the gender attribution of each speech sample.

Considerations for environmental sustainability in clinical radiology and radiotherapy practice: A systematic literature review and recommendations for a greener practice.

Introduction: Environmental sustainability (ES) in healthcare is an important current challenge in the wider context of reducing the environmental impacts of human activity. Identifying key routes to making clinical radiology and radiotherapy (CRR) practice more environmentally sustainable will provide a framework for delivering greener clinical services. This study sought to explore and integrate current evidence regarding ES in CRR departments, to provide a comprehensive guide for greener practice, education, and research.

A global overview of midwives' working conditions: A rapid review of literature on positive practice environment.

Background: In the United Kingdom (UK), a critical shortage of midwives puts pressure on the already overworked midwives working in maternity services. Considering the challenges that midwives in the UK face, this rapid review was conducted to inform a larger-scale initiative to improve the working conditions of midwives in an acute NHS Trust in the Midlands area of the UK.

Objective: To describe midwives' perceptions and experiences of positive practice environments.

Genetic Architecture of Flowering Time Differs Between Populations With Contrasting Demographic and Selective Histories.

Understanding the evolutionary factors that impact the genetic architecture of traits is a central goal of evolutionary genetics. Here, we investigate how quantitative trait variation accumulated over time in populations that colonized a novel environment. We compare the genetic architecture of flowering time in Arabidopsis populations from the drought-prone Cape Verde Islands and their closest outgroup population from North Africa.

Systematic Evaluation of Different Fresh Cow Monitoring Procedures.

Establishing fresh cow monitoring procedures is considered beneficial for cow health, welfare, and productivity. However, they are time consuming and require the cows to be locked up, which restricts their natural behavior. In this study, different fresh cow monitoring procedures were evaluated.

Guidance for Research with Trans and Gender-Diverse People.

When engaging in research with marginalized communities, it is important for researchers to reflect on their practice and consider what steps they can take to avoid perpetuating inequality or causing harm. This article provides guidance for researchers working with trans and gender-diverse individuals from the perspective of two speech-language pathologists. Key considerations presented by the authors include the importance of engaging in reflexive research practices-thinking deeply about and acknowledging impacts of one's personal beliefs, values, and practices on one's research-and developing an awareness of factors that contribute to the trans and gender-diverse community's ongoing minority stress.