Uncovering the Differed Susceptibility of ( and ) to Fungicide Phenamacril: From Computational and Experimental Perspectives.

and are two subtypes of (Fo), a pathogenic filamentous fungus. Phenamacril (PHA), a -specific fungicide that targets myosin I, exhibits significant hyphal growth inhibition in but shows weak resistance in , despite only two amino acid differences in the PHA-binding pocket of myosin I. In this study, we aim to elucidate the molecular basis for the differential sensitivity of myosin I variants (FoMyoI and FoMyoI) to phenamacril through computational methods and biochemical validation.

Phyllospheric microbial community structure and carbon source metabolism function in tobacco wildfire disease.

The phyllospheric microbial composition of tobacco plants is influenced by multiple factors. Disease severity level is one of the main influencing factors. This study was designed to understand the microbial community in tobacco wildfire disease with different disease severity levels.

Enhanced bioremediation of bensulfuron-methyl contaminated soil by Hansschlegelia zhihuaiae S113: Metabolic pathways and bacterial community structure.

Bensulfuron-methyl (BSM), a widely used herbicide, can persist in soil and damag sensitive crops. Microbial degradation, supplemented with exogenous additives, provides an effective strategy to enhance BSM breakdown. Hansschlegelia zhihuaiae S113 has been shown to efficiently degrade this sulfonylurea herbicide.

Unraveling the molecular mechanism of FgGcn5 inhibition by phenazine-1-carboxamide: combined in silico and in vitro studies.

Background: Fusarium head blight (FHB), mainly caused by Fusarium graminearum (F. graminearum), remains a devastating disease worldwide. The histone acetyltransferase Gcn5 plays a crucial role in epigenetic regulation.

Microbial Community Structure and Metabolic Function in the Venom Glands of the Predatory Stink Bug, (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae).

The predatory stink bug, (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is an important and valuable natural enemy of insect pests in their ecosystems. While insects are known to harbor symbiotic microorganisms, and these microbial symbionts play a crucial role in various aspects of the host's biology, there is a paucity of knowledge regarding the microbiota present in the venom glands of . This study investigated the venom glands of adult bugs using both traditional in vitro isolation and cultural methods, as well as Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology.

Compressible effect on the mutual interaction of two cavitation bubbles in radial oscillations and translational motion.

In this study, we considered the compressible effect on the mutual interaction of two cavitation bubbles by correcting the sound field emitted by one bubble in the radial equations of the other bubble to first order in the Mach number of the flow, and the effect is represented by the incident wave acting on bubbles. The results illustrates that the incident wave can enhance the resonance response at the redistributed resonance frequency, which leads to an increase in radial acceleration and the secondary Bjerknes force, and rapid approach of bubbles. Furthermore, the influence of incident wave on the interaction of bubbles driven at lower frequencies is more significant, due to resonance enhancement caused by the proximity of natural frequencies and frequency multiplications of the external sound field.

Visualized Detection of Tobacco Anthracnose by a Recombinase Polymerase Amplification-Lateral Flow Dipstick Assay.

Anthracnose caused by spp. is a widespread fungal disease that is detrimental to tobacco growth and inflicts economic damage of up to 100 million in tobacco-growing regions in China. An early diagnostic tool is vital for the accurate determination and management of anthracnose in the field.

Characteristics of Corynespora cassiicola, the causal agent of tobacco Corynespora leaf spot, revealed by genomic and metabolic phenomic analysis.

Corynespora cassiicola is a highly diverse fungal pathogen that commonly occurs in tropical, subtropical, and greenhouse environments worldwide. In this study, the isolates were identified as C. cassiicola, and the optimum growth and sporulation were studied.

Unveiling the Mechanism of Phenamacril Resistance in : Computational and Experimental Insights into the C423A Mutation in FgMyoI.

Phenamacril (PHA) is a highly selective fungicide for controlling fusarium head blight (FHB) mainly caused by and . However, the C423A mutation in myosin I of (FgMyoI) leads to natural resistance to PHA. Here, based on the computational approaches and biochemical validation, we elucidate the atomic-level mechanism behind the natural resistance of to the fungicide PHA due to the C423A mutation in FgMyoI.

Nitroreductase DnrA, Utilizing Strategies Secreted in sp. Za and SCK6, Enhances the Detoxification of Acifluorfen.

The residues of acifluorfen present a serious threat to the agricultural environment and sensitive crops. DnrA, a nitroreductase, is an intracellular enzyme that restricts the application of wild-type sp. Za in environmental remediation.

Biological characteristics and metabolic phenotypes of different anastomosis groups of Rhizoctonia solani strains.

Background: Rhizoctonia solani is an important plant pathogen worldwide, and causes serious tobacco target spot in tobacco in the last five years. This research studied the biological characteristics of four different anastomosis groups strains (AG-3, AG-5, AG-6, AG-1-IB) of R. solani from tobacco.

Autophagy inhibition mediated via an injectable and NO-releasing hydrogel for amplifying the antitumor efficacy of mild magnetic hyperthermia.

While mild hyperthermia holds great potential in the treatment of solid tumors, the thermal stress-triggered self-repairing autophagy significantly compromises its efficacy. To circumvent this obstacle, an injectable hydrogel (NO-Gel) composed of thermosensitive poly(ethylene glycol)-polypeptide copolymers modified with abundant NO donors on their side chains is developed. Meanwhile, ferrimagnetic ZnFeO magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) with high magnetic-heat conversion efficiency are synthesized and loaded into NO-Gel to obtain MNPs@NO-Gel.

First Report of Tobacco Leaf Tip Blight Caused by in China.

Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) belongs to the family Solanaceae, an economically significant crop (Zhou et al. 2023).

Dominance of Tau Burden in Cortical Over Subcortical Regions Mediates Glymphatic Activity and Clinical Severity in PSP.

Background: Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a tauopathy that involves subcortical regions but also extends to cortical areas. The clinical impact of different tau protein sites and their influence on glymphatic dysfunction have not been investigated.

Patients And Methods: Participants (n = 55; 65.

Can transcranial direct current stimulation combined with interactive computerized cognitive training boost cognition and gait performance in older adults with mild cognitive impairment? a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Older adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) are often subject to cognitive and gait deficits. Interactive Computerized Cognitive Training (ICCT) may improve cognitive function; however, the effect of such training on gait performance is limited. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) improves cognition and gait performance.

Response of microbial communities in the tobacco phyllosphere under the stress of validamycin.

Validamycin, is classified as an environmentally friendly fungicide. It has high efficacy with little associated pollution risk, and it has been used in China on tobacco for many years especially during leaf spot season. To understand changes in microbial communities and functional aspects of the tobacco phyllosphere after exposure to validamycin, the chemical was sprayed on tobacco leaves during brown spot epidemic periods caused by , and asymptomatic and symptomatic leaves of tobacco were sampled at different times (0 day before, 5, 10, and 15 days after application).

Analysis of growth dynamics in five different media and metabolic phenotypic characteristics of .

is an important endophytic fungus with broad potential for alleviating biotic and abiotic stress on host plants. This study monitored the growth dynamics of on five commonly used artificial media for microorganisms and analyzed its metabolic characteristics using Biolog Phenotype Microarray (PM) technology. The results showed that grew fastest on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA), followed by Kidney Bean Agar (KBA), Alkyl Ester Agar (AEA), Oatmeal Agar (OA), and Luria-Bertani Agar (LB), and the most suitable medium for spore production was OA.

Response of microbial communities in the phyllosphere ecosystem of tobacco exposed to the broad-spectrum copper hydroxide.

Copper hydroxide is a broad-spectrum copper fungicide, which is often used to control crop fungal and bacterial diseases. In addition to controlling targeted pathogens, copper hydroxide may also affect other non-targeted microorganisms in the phyllosphere ecosystem. At four time points (before spraying, and 5, 10 and 15 days after fungicide application), the response of diseased and healthy tobacco phyllosphere microorganisms to copper hydroxide stress was studied by using Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology, and Biolog tools.

Decision-making impairment under ambiguity but not under risk may underlie medication overuse in patients with chronic migraine.

Objective: To explore whether patients with chronic migraine and medication overuse headache (CM + MOH) present with decision-making deficit.

Background: Factors underlying MOH in patients with CM remain unclear. Whether the process of decision-making plays a role in MOH is still controversial.

An injectable and active hydrogel induces mutually enhanced mild magnetic hyperthermia and ferroptosis.

Magnetic hyperthermia therapy (MHT) is a promising new modality to deal with solid tumors, yet the low magnetic-heat conversion efficacy, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) artifacts, easy leakage of magnetic nanoparticles, and thermal resistance are the main obstacles to expand its clinical applications. Herein, a synergistic strategy based on a novel injectable magnetic and ferroptotic hydrogel is proposed to overcome these bottlenecks and boost the antitumor efficacy of MHT. The injectable hydrogel (AAGel) exhibiting a sol-gel transition upon heating is made of arachidonic acid (AA)-modified amphiphilic copolymers.

Photo-Enhanced Chemo-Transistor Platform for Ultrasensitive Assay of Small Molecules.

Compared with traditional assay techniques, field-effect transistors (FETs) have advantages such as fast response, high sensitivity, being label-free, and point-of-care detection, while lacking generality to detect a wide range of small molecules since most of them are electrically neutral with a weak doping effect. Here, we demonstrate a photo-enhanced chemo-transistor platform based on a synergistic photo-chemical gating effect in order to overcome the aforementioned limitation. Under light irradiation, accumulated photoelectrons generated from covalent organic frameworks offer a photo-gating modulation, amplifying the response to small molecule adsorption including methylglyoxal, -nitroaniline, nitrobenzene, aniline, and glyoxal when measuring the photocurrent.

Effect of azoxystrobin on tobacco leaf microbial composition and diversity.

Azoxystrobin, a quinone outside inhibitor fungicide, reduced tobacco target spot caused by by 62%, but also affected the composition and diversity of other microbes on the surface and interior of treated tobacco leaves. High-throughput sequencing showed that the dominant bacteria prior to azoxystrobin treatment were on healthy leaves and on diseased leaves, and the dominant fungi were (teleomorph of ) and on healthy leaves and on diseased leaves. Both bacterial and fungal diversity significantly increased 1 to 18 days post treatment (dpt) with azoxystrobin for healthy and diseased leaves.