Enzyme Engineering: Performance Optimization, Novel Sources, and Applications in the Food Industry.

This review summarizes the latest progress in enzyme preparation, including enzyme design and modification technology, exploration of new enzyme sources, and application of enzyme preparation in food processing, detection, and preservation. The directed evolution technology improved the stability and catalytic efficiency of enzymes, while enzyme immobilization technology enhanced reusability and industrial applicability. Extremozymes and biomimetic enzymes exhibit excellent performance under harsh conditions.

Protective effects of Shexiang-Tongxin dropping pill against acute myocardial infarction in rats through inhibition of apoptosis and ERK/MAPK signaling pathways.

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains a significant health challenge globally, highlighting the ongoing need for effective treatments. Shexiang-Tongxin dropping pill (STDP) is widely utilized as a therapeutic option for AMI in China and Southeast Asia. However, the intricate mechanisms of action of STDP against AMI remain largely unknown.

Spatial distribution and risk assessment of heavy metal pollution from enterprises in China.

Heavy metal pollution (HMP) directly affects the safety of agricultural products, thereby impacting human health. Industrial emissions, as the main source of soil HMP in China, require in-depth research on their pollution risks. Based on national heavy metal (HM) enterprise data, this paper analyzes the spatial distribution characteristics of key enterprises involved in the HMP across the country.

Mechanical properties and acoustic emission characteristics of basalt fiber reinforced cemented silty sand subjected to freeze-thaw cycles.

Freeze-thaw (F-T) cycling poses a significant challenge in seasonally frozen zones, notably affecting the mechanical properties of soil, which is a critical consideration in subgrade engineering. Consequently, a series of unconfined compressive strength tests were conducted to evaluate the influence of various factors, including fiber content, fiber length, curing time, and F-T cycles on the unconfined compression strength (UCS) of fiber-reinforced cemented silty sand. In parallel, acoustic emission (AE) testing was conducted to assess the AE characteristic parameters (e.

Sugar Transporter HmSWEET8 Cooperates with HmSTP1 to Enhance Powdery Mildew Susceptibility in Hance.

The powdery mildew caused by is a serious concern in Hance. Therefore, exploring the mechanisms underlying sugar efflux from host cells to the fungus during the plant-fungus interaction showed great significance. The study successfully cloned and genes based on RNA-seq technology.

Combined metabolome and transcriptome reveal HmF6'H1 regulating simple coumarin accumulation against powdery mildew infection in Heracleum moellendorffii Hance.

Background: Powdery mildew, caused by Eeysiphe heraclei, seriously threatens Heracleum moellendorffii Hance. Plant secondary metabolites are essential to many activities and are necessary for defense against biotic stress. In order to clarify the functions of these metabolites in response to the pathogen, our work concentrated on the variations in the accumulation of secondary metabolites in H.

Freeze-Thaw Damage Characteristics of Concrete Based on Compressive Mechanical Properties and Acoustic Parameters.

Concrete is a versatile material widely used in modern construction. However, concrete is also subject to freeze-thaw damage, which can significantly reduce its mechanical properties and lead to premature failure. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the laboratory performance and freeze-thaw damage characteristics of a common mix proportion of concrete based on compressive mechanical tests and acoustic technologies.

Development and validation of a stability-indicating HPLC method to determine the impurity profile of fosaprepitant dimeglumine in the injection formulation.

Fosaprepitant dimeglumine, an injectable phosphorylated prodrug of aprepitant, has been approved for preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. A novel stability-indicating HPLC method was designed and validated to determine process- and degradation-related impurities of fosaprepitant dimeglumine in an injection formulation. Chromatographic separation was done on a NanoChrom C18 (250 mm×4.

Molecular Mechanism of the Role of Apigenin in the Treatment of Hyperlipidemia: A Network Pharmacology Approach.

The therapeutic effect of apigenin (APG) on hyperlipidemia was investigated using network pharmacology combined with molecular docking strategy, and the potential targets of APG in the treatment of hyperlipidemia were explored. Genetic Ontology Biological Process (GOBP) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) Pathway enrichment analysis of common targets were performed. Then, molecular docking was used to predict the binding mode of APG to the target.

Deciphering the effects of electrolyte concentration on the performance of lithium batteries by correlative surface characterization.

The formation of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and lithium ion intercalation are two crucial processes in lithium ion batteries. Given the complexity and challenges involved in investigating real batteries, a combination of model batteries comprising well-defined ultrathin graphite electrodes with surface-sensitive techniques can provide valuable information on these processes. Here, a comparative study of the performance of batteries using regular- and high-concentration electrolytes (RCE and HCE) is presented, aided by a myriad of correlative surface science techniques.

Desonide Nanoemulsion Gel for Transdermal Absorption Drug Delivery: Pharmacodynamic and Safety Evaluation.

Background: When administered transdermally, desonide is ineffective due to its poor solubility. As a new transdermal delivery system, nanoemulsion gel has demonstrated significant advantages for drug delivery over conventional formulations. We have established desonide nanoemulsion gel (DES NE gel) for better transdermal absorption, but its efficacy and safety still need to be evaluated.

The role of primary physician training in improving regional standardized management of diabetes: a pre-post intervention study.

Background: Hierarchical diagnosis and treatment has been gradually implemented throughout the China. Primary physicians are the main force in primary-level medical and health services, which means that standardized training of primary-level doctors is indispensable.

Objectives: Evaluation of the effect of primary physician training on standardized management of diabetes, and comparison of the effects of different training models.

Pharmacokinetics and food impact assessment of ademetionine enteric-coated tablet as an endogenous substance drug in healthy Chinese volunteers.

What Is Known And Objectives: Ademetionine 1,4-Butanedisulfonate (SAMe) enteric-coated tablets are widely used for treatment of pre-cirrhotic and cirrhotic intrahepatic cholestasis, as well as intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP), but incomplete clinical data and interference from endogenous substances pose numerous challenges for clinical trial of ademetionine. The objective of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetic profile of SAMe enteric-coated tablets and to assess its food impact and safety in healthy Chinese subjects.

Methods: A randomized, open-label, single-dose study was carried out to determine the pharmacokinetics of SAMe enteric-coated tablets administered in both fasted and postprandial conditions.

Shexiang Tongxin Dropping Pill Protects Against Chronic Heart Failure in Mice Inhibiting the ERK/MAPK and TGF-β Signaling Pathways.

Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a major public health problem with high mortality and morbidity worldwide. Shexiang Tongxin Dropping Pill (STDP) is a widely used traditional Chinese medicine preparation for coronary heart disease and growing evidence proves that STDP exerts beneficial effects on CHF in the clinic. However, the molecular mechanism of the therapeutic effects of STDP on CHF remains largely unknown.

Structural Design Calculation of Basalt Fiber Polymer-Modified RPC Beams Subjected to Four-Point Bending.

In this paper, a basalt fiber surface was treated with coupling agent KH-550 and hydrochloric acid, and the basalt fiber polymer-modified active powder concrete (RPC) material was prepared. There are significant differences in material composition and properties between basalt fiber polymer-modified RPC and ordinary concrete, and the structural design calculation (cracking moment and normal section bending bearing capacity) of an ordinary reinforced concrete beam is no longer applicable. Thus, mechanical parameters such as displacement and strain of reinforcement basalt fiber polymer-modified RPC beams subjected to four-point bending were tested.

Effects of shading on triterpene saponin accumulation and related gene expression of Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem.

Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem is widely used as a medicinal plant and functional food in China. In this study, A.

Chemical constituents of Panax ginseng and Panax notoginseng explain why they differ in therapeutic efficacy.

Panax ginseng (Meyer) and Panax notoginseng (Burkill), belonging to the family Araliaceae, are used worldwide as medicinal and functional herbs. Numerous publications over the past decades have revealed that both P. notoginseng and P.

Automobile Exhaust Removal Performance of Pervious Concrete with Nano TiO under Photocatalysis.

The urban environment is facing serious problems caused by automobile exhaust pollution, which has led to a great impact on human health and climate, and aroused widespread concern of the government and the public. Nano titanium dioxide (TiO), as a photocatalyst, can be activated by ultraviolet irradiation and then form a strong REDOX potential on the surface of the nano TiO particles. The REDOX potential can degrade the automobile exhaust, such as nitrogen oxides (NO) and hydrocarbons (HC).

Fracture Behavior of Permeable Asphalt Mixtures with Steel Slag under Low Temperature Based on Acoustic Emission Technique.

Acoustic emission (AE), as a nondestructive testing (NDT) and real-time monitoring technique, could characterize the damage evolution and fracture behavior of materials. The primary objective of this paper was to investigate the improvement mechanism of steel slag on the low-temperature fracture behavior of permeable asphalt mixtures (PAM). Firstly, steel slag coarse aggregates were used to replace basalt coarse aggregates with equal volume at different levels (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%).

Steel Corrosion Evaluation of Basalt Fiber RPC Affected by Crack and Steel-Concrete Interface Damage Using Electrochemical Methods.

Basalt fiber (BF) is a new anti-corrosion and environmentally friendly material, which is expected to delay the corrosion process of steel bars and improve the durability of reinforced reactive powder concrete (RPC). The electrochemical method is a nondestructive testing and real-time monitoring technique used to characterize the corrosion behaviors of steel bars embedded in concrete structures. In this paper, the electrochemical technique was employed to evaluate the corrosion of steel bars embedded in basalt fiber modified reactive powder concrete (BFRPC).

Mechanical Properties and Fracture Behavior of Crumb Rubber Basalt Fiber Concrete Based on Acoustic Emission Technology.

Basalt fiber and crumb rubber, as excellent road material modifiers, have great advantages in improving the mechanical properties and fracture behavior of concrete. Acoustic emission (AE) is a nondestructive testing and real-time monitoring technique used to characterize the fracture behavior of concrete specimens. The object of this paper is to investigate the effects of crumb rubber replacement rate, basalt fiber content and water-binder ratio on the mechanical properties and fracture behavior of crumb rubber basalt fiber concrete (CRBFC) based on orthogonal test.

Identification and analysis of CYP450 and UGT supergene family members from the transcriptome of Aralia elata (Miq.) seem reveal candidate genes for triterpenoid saponin biosynthesis.

Background: Members of the cytochrome P450 (CYP450) and UDP-glycosyltransferase (UGT) gene superfamily have been shown to play essential roles in regulating secondary metabolite biosynthesis. However, the systematic identification of CYP450s and UGTs has not been reported in Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem, a highly valued medicinal plant.

Performance Evaluation of Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene-Modified Stone Mastic Asphalt with Basalt Fiber Using Different Compaction Methods.

Superpave gyratory compaction (SGC) and Marshall compaction methods are essentially designed according to volumetric properties. In spite of the similarity, the optimum asphalt contents (OAC) of the two methods are greatly affected by the laboratory compaction process, which would further influence their performance. This study aims to evaluate the performance of styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS)-modified stone mastic asphalt (SMA) with basalt fiber by using SGC and Marshall compaction methods.

[Simultaneous determination of tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, and sulfonamides in chicken manure using solid-phase extraction and high performance liquid chromatography].

A highly efficient and economic method for the simultaneous determination of six common antibiotics (two tetracyclines, two quinolones, and two sulfonamides) in chicken manure was developed by using solid-phase extraction and high performance liquid chromatography (SPE-HPLC). The samples were extracted by using a mixture of the EDTA-McIlvaine buffer and a mixed organic extractant (methanol-acetonitrile-acetone, 2:2:1, v/v/v), cleaned by a hydrophile-lipophile balance (HLB) cartridge, eluted by methanol-dichloromethane (7:3, v/v), and separated by HPLC with an acetonitrile-0.7% (v/v) HPO aqueous solution as the mobile phase.