Discovery of a novel spotted fever group Rickettsia, "Candidatus Rickettsia kedanie," in unfed larval chigger mites, Leptotrombidium scutellare.

Spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsia, the causative agent of SFG rickettsiosis, is predominantly carried by ticks, whereas Orientia tsutusgamushi, the causative agent of scrub typhus, is primarily transmitted by chigger mites in Japan. In this study, we attempted to isolate intracellular eubacteria from Leptotrombidium scutellare, a major vector of O. tsutsugamushi; moreover, we isolated an SFG rickettsia using a mosquito-derived cell line.

Evaluation of a novel triplex immunochromatographic test for rapid simultaneous detection of norovirus, rotavirus, and adenovirus on a single strip test.

Background: Acute gastroenteritis is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in young children worldwide. Among these, rotavirus, norovirus, and adenovirus have been reported as the primary viral pathogens associated with the disease. Rapid diagnosis of viral pathogens is crucial when diarrhea outbreaks occur to ensure the timely administration of appropriate treatment and control measures.

Detection of the JAK2 V617F Mutation in Urinary Cell-free DNA in Patients with Myeloproliferative Neoplasms.

Objective Testing for the Janus activating kinase 2 (JAK2) V617F mutation is important for diagnosing and treating myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). Recently, urine cell-free DNA (ucfDNA) was reported to be useful for detecting tumor-specific gene mutations in several solid tumors. However, its utility in detecting such mutations in hematological malignancies has not yet been assessed.

Evaluation of anti-adenoviral effects of the polyvinyl alcohol iodine ophthalmic solution.

Purpose: To investigate the virucidal effects of a polyvinyl alcohol iodine, Saniode, against 16 types of human mastadenovirus (HAdV) causing ophthalmic, respiratory, gastrointestinal, urinary, and systemic infections.

Study Design: Laboratory investigation METHODS: Fifty microliters of Saniode were exposed to 10 μL each containing HAdV virus stock solution of 1 × 10 copies/μL of HAdV-1, -2, -3, -4, 5, -6, -7, -8, -11, -37, -53, -54, -56, -64, -81, and -85 for 10 s, 30 s, 1 min, and 3 min. After neutralization with 0.

Comparison of two apheresis systems for granulocyte collection without hydroxyethyl starch.

Background And Objectives: Granulocyte transfusion (GTX) is a treatment option for severe infections in patients with neutropenia. In previous studies, hydroxyethyl starch (HES) was used to enhance red blood cell sedimentation for granulocyte collection (GC). However, there are safety concerns about HES, and HES is not readily available in some countries.

Fatal case of sepsis from a dog bite in a patient with splenic hypoplasia.

Background: is an oral commensal bacteria in dogs and may cause severe infection following a dog bite. This is a case of fatal sepsis with acute infectious purpura fulminans (AIPF) in a healthy patient with splenic hypoplasia.

Case Presentation: A healthy 49-year-old man was admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) for septic shock and AIPF 4 days after a dog bite to his mouth.

Contact-free assessments of respiratory rate and volume with load cells under the bed legs in ventilated patients: a prospective exploratory observational study.

Development of reliable noncontact unrestrained respiratory monitoring is capable of augmenting the safety of hospitalized patients in the recovery phase. We previously discovered respiratory-related centroid shifts along the long axis of the bed with load cells under the bed legs [bed sensor system (BSS)]. This prospective exploratory observational study examined whether noncontact measurements of respiratory-related tidal centroid shift amplitude (TA-BSS; primary variable) and respiratory rate (RR-BSS; secondary variable) were correlated with tidal volume (TV-PN) and respiratory rate (RR-PN), respectively, measured by pneumotachograph in 14 ICU patients under mechanical ventilation.

[Surgical Treatment of Congenital Absence of the Pericardium Found by Chance at Pulmonary Surgery:Report of a Case].

Absence of the pericardium is generally asymptomatic rare congenital disorder. However, it may be life-threatening problem due to cardiac deviation or herniation after the pulmonary resection. We described a case of complete defect of the pericardium found at surgery for metastatic lung cancer.

Cell proliferation and neurogenesis in the adult telencephalon of the newt Cynops pyrrhogaster.

Urodele amphibians have the ability to regenerate several organs, including the brain. For this reason, the research on neurogenesis in these species after ablation of some parts of the brain has markedly progressed. However, detailed information on the characteristics and fate of proliferated cells as well as the function of newly generated neurons under normal conditions is still limited.

Fluid restriction management in the treatment of COVID-19: a single-center observational study.

The relationship between fluid management and the severity of illness, duration of treatment, and outcome of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is not fully understood. This study aimed to evaluate whether weight change during hospitalization was associated with COVID-19 severity, length of hospital stay, and route of admission. In this study, we assessed the effectiveness of fluid restriction management in patients with severe COVID-19.

A combination of polyglycolic acid fabric and fibrin glue prevents air leakage from a lung defect.

Objectives: Air leakage after lung resection is a common morbidity that may lengthen hospital stay. Applying sealant to a lesion is an effective prophylaxis in clinical practice. This study aimed to examine the effect of a combination of a bioabsorbable polyglycolic acid (PGA) fabric and fibrin glue (FG) on air sealing by measuring the in vitro mechanical strength and degradation of the fabric, and in vivo histological changes after implantation.

Severe encephalopathy associated with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 variant infection in a neonate.

Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), including the Omicron variant, is less severe in children than in adults. To date, there has been no detailed description of COVID-19-associated severe encephalopathy due to the Omicron variant during the neonatal and early infantile periods.

Case Presentation: During the outbreak of the Omicron variant, a 29-day-old male presented with a pale and ill appearance.

Prospective comparison of diagnostic performance of magnifying endoscopy and biopsy for sessile serrated adenoma/polyp.

Background: Magnifying narrow-band imaging (M-NBI) has recently improved the accuracy of endoscopic diagnosis of gastrointestinal tumors, including colorectal polyps. However, it can be difficult to distinguish between sessile serrated adenoma/polyps (SSA/Ps) and other polyps, especially hyperplastic polyps (HPs), by histological biopsy, because diagnostic features of SSA/Ps can be detected around the colon crypt bases. We aimed to evaluate the accuracy of endoscopic diagnosis of SSA/Ps using M-NBI compared with histological biopsy.

Sensitivity of Human Mastadenovirus, the Causal Agent of Pharyngoconjunctival Fever, Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis, and Hemorrhagic Cystitis in Immunocompromised Individuals, to Brincidofovir.

Human mastadenovirus (HAdV), a linear double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) virus, is the causal agent of several diseases, including pharyngoconjunctival fever, epidemic keratoconjunctivitis, and hemorrhagic cystitis, in immunocompromised individuals. There are more than 100 reported types of adenoviruses, but the pathogenicity of many HAdVs remains unknown. Brincidofovir (BCV) is a hexadecyloxypropyl lipid conjugate of cidofovir (CDV) that is active against dsDNA viruses.

Multicentre, prospective, observational study investigating the most appropriate surgical option that can prevent the recurrence of primary spontaneous pneumothorax after surgery: the PATCH study, protocol.

Introduction: Thoracoscopic surgery is performed for refractory or recurrent primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP). To reduce postoperative recurrence, additional treatment is occasionally adopted during surgery after bulla resection. However, the most effective method has not been fully elucidated.

Efficacy of Underwater Endoscopic Mucosal Resection for Nonpedunculated Colorectal Polyps: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Recently, underwater endoscopic mucosal resection (UEMR) without submucosal injection was introduced as a new replacement for conventional EMR (CEMR) and was reported to be useful for resecting large colonic polyps. Here, we aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of these two methods by a systematic review and meta-analysis. We comprehensively searched multiple databases until July 2021 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing UEMR with CEMR.

Identification of factors affecting the surgical margin in wedge resection using preoperative lipiodol marking.

Background: The factors affecting the surgical margin distance in resection of small lung lesions after preoperative marking are still unclear. The purpose of this study was to identify these factors in wedge lung resection using a localization technique.

Methods: The subjects were 45 patients with small pulmonary nodules who underwent preoperative computed tomography-guided lipiodol marking followed by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery between April 2017 and December 2019.

Transoral surgery for superficial head and neck cancer: National Multi-Center Survey in Japan.

Head and neck cancers, especially in hypopharynx and oropharynx, are often detected at advanced stage with poor prognosis. Narrow band imaging enables detection of superficial cancers and transoral surgery is performed with curative intent. However, pathological evaluation and real-world safety and clinical outcomes have not been clearly understood.

Possible nosocomial transmission of virus-associated hemorrhagic cystitis after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Adenovirus (ADV)- or BK virus (BKV)-associated hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) is a common complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Several risk factors have been previously reported; however, it is unclear whether virus-associated HC can be transmitted. To clarify this point, we performed a retrospective cohort study on 207 consecutive patients who underwent allo-HSCT at Kyoto University Hospital between 2012 and 2018.