investigation of the antiviral activity of propolis and chitosan nanoparticles against the genotype VII Newcastle disease virus.

The Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is considered a serious threat to global poultry production. Despite the availability of vaccines, it remains a major devastating epidemic responsible for great economic losses. The development of novel virus-controlling strategies is therefore an urgent need.

Impact of Drug Shortages on Patient Safety and Pharmacy Operation Costs.

The VA may benefit from facility-level drug shortage task forces, which can mitigate increased workload and institutional operation costs and promote patient safety.