Effect of uniaxial bending methods on the flexural strength and Weibull analysis of heat-polymerized, CAD/CAM milled, and 3D-printed denture base resins.

Objectives: To compare the flexural strength and modulus of denture base resins manufactured by conventional methods, 3-dimensional (3D) printing, and computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) milling using 3-point bending (3PB) and 4-point bending (4PB) methods after simulated aging.

Methods: Ninety bars (64 ×10 ×3.3 mm) were prepared from heat-polymerized (Lucitone-199), CAD/CAM milled (G-CAM), and 3D-printed (Denturetec) denture base resins (n = 30 per material).

Would the utilization of sFlt-1/PlGF ratio in clinical practice prevent unnecessary hospital admissions of cases with preeclampsia?

Objectives: Preeclampsia (PET) is a serious pregnancy complication with potential adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Recent research has examined the soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1)/placental growth factor (PlGF) ratio for predicting PET. The study aimed to assess the efficacy of the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio in ruling out unnecessary hospital admission and PET.

Effect of simulated gastric acid exposure on the hardness, topographic, and colorimetric properties of machinable and pressable zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramics.

Statement Of Problem: The effects of gastric acid on the hardness, topographic, and colorimetric properties of zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramics (ZLSs) for dental restorations remain unknown.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of simulated gastric acid exposure on the microhardness, surface roughness, color stability, and relative translucency of ZLSs.

Material And Methods: Two pressable ZLSs (VITA AMBRIA, VA and Celtra Press, CP) and 2 machinable ZLSs (VITA Suprinity, VS and Celtra Duo, CD)(n=64) were randomly allocated to artificial saliva (control) or gastric juice immersion groups simulating 10 and 20 years of clinical exposure.

Staining and bleaching susceptibility of zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramics with different thicknesses, translucencies, and fabrication methods.

Statement Of Problem: The influence of different thicknesses, translucencies, and fabrication methods on the spectrophotometric and topographical properties of zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramics (ZLSs) for dental restorations remains unclear.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of thicknesses, translucencies, and fabrication methods on the color stability, translucency parameter, opalescence parameter, whiteness stability, transmitted irradiance, light transmittance, opacity, gloss, and roughness of ZLSs exposed to coffee staining and bleaching treatments.

Material And Methods: Two pressable ZLSs (VITA AMBRIA, VA and Celtra Press, CP) and 2 machinable ZLSs (VITA Suprinity, VS and Celtra Duo, CD) were examined at high translucency (HT) and low translucency (LT) levels in 2 thicknesses (n=160).

Effect of repeated firing on the topographical, optical, and mechanical properties of fully crystallized lithium silicate-based ceramics.

Statement Of Problem: The influence of different firing protocols on the topographical, optical, and mechanical properties of fully crystallized computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) lithium silicate-based glass-ceramics (LSCs) for dental restorations remains unclear.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of different firing regimens on the surface roughness, gloss, Martens hardness, indentation modulus, biaxial flexural strength, and crystalline structure of fully crystallized CAD-CAM LSCs and the effect of their interposition on the irradiance of a light-polymerization unit.

Material And Methods: Three fully crystallized CAD-CAM LSC blocks were evaluated (N=150): lithium disilicate (Initial LiSi Blocks; LS), zirconia-reinforced silicate (Celtra Duo; CD), and lithium aluminum disilicate (CEREC Tessera; CT).

The Endoscopic Resection of Sellar and Suprasellar Epidermoid Cyst in a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Epidermoid cysts are benign congenital tumors that originate from the ectodermal tissue. The sellar/suprasellar region is an infrequent location for epidermoid cysts and such cases are rarely reported in pediatric patients, as these become symptomatic only when they reach 30 years of age. Surgical intervention is considered the ideal treatment option in patients with suprasellar epidermoid cysts, either via open or endonasal approach.

Large skull osteoblastoma presented as aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC).

Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are rare benign vascular bony lesions mostly encountered in young patients. These cysts can occur as primary lesions or, less frequently, secondary to other pathologies such as osteoblastomas. Skull ABCs are rare and can extend intracranially, presenting with hydrocephalus and bleeding.

Effect of surface treatments on optical, topographical and mechanical properties of CAD/CAM reinforced lithium silicate glass ceramics.

Objectives: To investigate the effect of different surface treatments on optical, topographical and mechanical properties of CAD/CAM lithium silicate-based glass ceramics (LSC's) and their combined effect on the output of a light curing unit (LCU).

Methods: Four CAD/CAM LSC's were investigated: Lithium Disilicate (Emax CAD; EC), Zirconia-reinforced silicates (Vita Suprinity; VS and Celtra Duo;CD) and Lithium Aluminum Disilicate (CEREC Tessera; CT). Ceramic specimens (n = 240) were divided into six subgroups according to their surface treatment: (a) Control, (b) Hydrofluoric acid (HF) 5%, (c) HF 5% + Neutralizing agent (N), (d) HF 9%, (e) HF 9% +N and (f) Self-etching ceramic primer (SEP).

Patient Satisfaction With Quality of Care at the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Background The emergency department (ED) is the first contact of many individuals who require acute health services. This study was the first to be conducted among patients in different regions of Saudi Arabia to determine patient satisfaction with emergency healthcare services using the Arabic version of the Echelle de Qualité des Soins en Hospitalisation (EQS-H). Methodology This cross-sectional study was conducted among 2,997 patients admitted to the ED in different hospitals in different regions of Saudi Arabia.

Exploring Parent's Satisfaction and the Effectiveness of Preformed Metal Crowns Fitting by Hall Technique for Carious Primary Molars in Jeddah Region, Saudi Arabia: Findings of a Prospective Cohort Study.

Purpose: The Hall technique (HT) is a non-invasive approach to treating carious primary teeth. Its acceptability by parents and effectiveness is not widely known in the Middle East. Therefore, we aimed to conduct this study to explore the effectiveness of preformed metal crowns (PMCs) fitting by HT and to what extent the parent's satisfaction for their children in Jeddah region.

Methylsulfonylmethane Increases the Alveolar Bone Density of Mandibles in Aging Female Mice.

Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) is a naturally occurring anti-inflammatory compound that effectively treats multiple degenerative diseases such as osteoarthritis and acute pancreatitis. Our previous studies have demonstrated the ability of MSM to differentiate stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous (SHED) teeth into osteoblast-like cells. This study examined the systemic effect of MSM in 36-week-old aging C57BL/6 female mice by injecting MSM for 13 weeks.

Peptidomimetic inhibitor of L-plastin reduces osteoclastic bone resorption in aging female mice.

L-plastin (LPL) was identified as a potential regulator of the actin-bundling process involved in forming nascent sealing zones (NSZs), which are precursor zones for mature sealing zones. TAT-fused cell-penetrating small molecular weight LPL peptide (TAT- MARGSVSDEE, denoted as an inhibitory LPL peptide) attenuated the formation of NSZs and impaired bone resorption in vitro in osteoclasts. Also, the genetic deletion of LPL in mice demonstrated decreased eroded perimeters and increased trabecular bone density.

Lipopolysaccharide- TLR-4 Axis regulates Osteoclastogenesis independent of RANKL/RANK signaling.

Background: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an endotoxin and a vital component of gram-negative bacteria's outer membrane. During gram-negative bacterial sepsis, LPS regulates osteoclast differentiation and activity, in addition to increasing inflammation. This study aimed to investigate how LPS regulates osteoclast differentiation of RAW 264.

Classification of internal carotid artery injuries during endoscopic endonasal approaches to the skull base.

Background: Internal carotid artery (ICA) injuries are a major complication of endoscopic endonasal approaches (EEAs), which can be difficult to manage. Adding to the management difficulty is the lack of literature describing the surgical anatomical classification of these types of injuries. This article proposing a novel classification of ICA injuries during EEAs.

Identification of sequence-specific interactions of the CD44-intracellular domain with RUNX2 in the transcription of matrix metalloprotease-9 in human prostate cancer cells.

Aim: The Cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44) transmembrane protein is cleaved by γ-secretase, the inhibition of which blocks CD44 cleavage. This study aimed to determine the biological consequence of CD44 cleavage and its potential interaction with Runt-related transcription factor (RUNX2) in a sequence-specific manner in PC3 prostate cancer cells.

Methods: Using full-length and C-terminal deletion constructs of CD44-ICD (D1-D5) expressed as stable green fluorescent protein-fusion proteins in PC3 cells, we located possible RUNX2-binding sequences.

C-phycocyanin attenuates RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption in vitro through inhibiting ROS levels, NFATc1 and NF-κB activation.

Excessive bone loss occurs in inflammatory disorders such as periodontitis and osteoporosis. The underlying mechanism is related to the differentiation of macrophages into multinucleated giant osteoclasts and their bone resorptive activity. C-Phycocyanin (C-PC) is a phycobiliprotein extracted from the blue-green algae, which has been shown to have various pharmacological effects.

L-Plastin deficiency produces increased trabecular bone due to attenuation of sealing ring formation and osteoclast dysfunction.

Bone resorption requires the formation of complex, actin-rich cytoskeletal structures. During the early phase of sealing ring formation by osteoclasts, L-plastin regulates actin-bundling to form the nascent sealing zones (NSZ). Here, we show that L-plastin knockout mice produce osteoclasts that are deficient in the formation of NSZs, are hyporesorptive, and make superficial resorption pits in vitro.

Methylsulfonylmethane increases osteogenesis and regulates the mineralization of the matrix by transglutaminase 2 in SHED cells.

Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) is a naturally occurring, sulfate-containing, organic compound. It has been shown to stimulate the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblast-like cells and bone formation. In this study, we investigated whether MSM influences the differentiation of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) into osteoblast-like cells and their osteogenic potential.

Characterization of CD44 intracellular domain interaction with RUNX2 in PC3 human prostate cancer cells.

Background: Expression of CD44 receptor is associated with the onset of several tumors. The intracellular domain of CD44 (CD44-ICD) has been implicated as a co-transcription factor for RUNX2 in the regulation of expression of MMP-9 in breast carcinoma cells. Previous studies from our laboratory demonstrated the role of CD44 in migration and invasion of PC3 prostate cells through activation of MMP-9.

Sex differences in the expression of calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor components in the spinal trigeminal nucleus.

Background And Purpose: Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) plays an important role in migraine pathophysiology. CGRP acts primarily by activating a receptor composed of 3 proteins: calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CLR), receptor activity-modifying protein 1 (RAMP1), and receptor component protein (RCP). We tested the hypothesis that sex differences exist in protein levels of two key components of this CGRP receptor: CLR and RCP.

Engineering of L-Plastin Peptide-Loaded Biodegradable Nanoparticles for Sustained Delivery and Suppression of Osteoclast Function In Vitro.

We have recently demonstrated that a small molecular weight amino-terminal peptide of L-plastin (10 amino acids; "MARGSVSDEE") suppressed the phosphorylation of endogenous L-plastin. Therefore, the formation of nascent sealing zones (NSZs) and bone resorption are reduced. The aim of this study was to develop a biodegradable and biocompatible PLGA nanocarrier that could be loaded with the L-plastin peptide of interest and determine the efficacy in osteoclast cultures.

Peptidomimetic inhibitors of L-plastin reduce the resorptive activity of osteoclast but not the bone forming activity of osteoblasts in vitro.

Sealing ring formation is a requirement for osteoclast function. We have recently identified the role of an actin-bundling protein L-plastin in the assembly of nascent sealing zones (NSZs) at the early phase of sealing ring formation in osteoclasts. TNF-α signaling regulates this actin assembly by the phosphorylation of L-plastin on serine -5 and -7 residues at the amino-terminal end.