Alendronate for Effective Treatment of Male Osteoporosis : An Insight.

Osteoporosis is a major global health problem. The increase in the incidence of osteoporosis in the elderly poses a challenge to treat and also results in an economic burden for the nation. Osteoporosis has been given more importance in females, and there is an urgent need to address this disease in males.

Gut Microbiota and Insulin Resistance: Understanding the Mechanism of Better Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Gut microbiota refers to the population of trillions of microorganisms present in the human intestine. The gut microbiota in the gastrointestinal system is important for an individual's good health and well-being. The possibility of an intrauterine colonization of the placenta further suggests that the fetal environment before birth may also affect early microbiome development.

Relocating Glyceryl Trinitrate as an Anti-Virulence Agent against and : Insights from Molecular and In Vivo Investigations.

The problem of antibiotic resistance is a global critical public health concern. In light of the threat of returning to the pre-antibiotic era, new alternative approaches are required such as quorum-sensing (QS) disruption and virulence inhibition, both of which apply no discernible selective pressure on bacteria, therefore mitigating the potential for the development of resistant strains. Bearing in mind the significant role of QS in orchestrating bacterial virulence, disrupting QS becomes essential for effectively diminishing bacterial virulence.

Pharmacokinetic and Tissue Distribution of Orally Administered Cyclosporine A-Loaded poly(ethylene oxide)-block-Poly(ε-caprolactone) Micelles versus Sandimmune in Rats.

Purpose: We have previously reported on a polymeric micellar formulation of Cyclosporine A (CyA) based on poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PEO-b-PCL) capable of changing drug biodistribution and pharmacokinetic profile following intravenous administration. The objective of the present study was to explore the potential of this formulation in changing the tissue distribution and pharmacokinetics of the encapsulated CyA following oral administration making comparisons with Sandimmune®.

Methods: The in vitro CyA release and stability CyA-loaded PEO-b-PCL micelles (CyA-micelles) were evaluated in biorelevant media.

Reduced Heart Exposure of Diclofenac by Its Polymeric Micellar Formulation Normalizes CYP-Mediated Metabolism of Arachidonic Acid Imbalance in An Adjuvant Arthritis Rat Model: Implications in Reduced Cardiovascular Side Effects of Diclofenac by Nanodrug Delivery.

In this study, we tested whether the extent of drug presence in the heart contributes to the elevated cardiovascular risk of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). A fluorescently tagged nanoformulation of an NSAID with high cardiovascular (CV) risk (diclofenac) was developed as diclofenac ethyl ester (DFEE) encapsulated in traceable (cyanine-5.5-labeled) polymeric micelles (DFEE-TM) based on methoxypoly(ethylene oxide)--poly(ε-caprolactone)(PEO--PCL) (MW, 5000:3500 g/mol).

Nanomedicine for the effective and safe delivery of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: A review of preclinical research.

The toxicity of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is one of the major limitations to their long-term use in the treatment of chronic inflammatory conditions. This review provides an overview of the preclinical efforts on the development of nanodelivery systems for NSAIDs with a focus on the effect of nanoformulation on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the delivered drugs. Preclinical and clinical studies have shown that nanomedicine products can reduce toxicity and enhance the efficacy of certain encapsulated therapeutics.

Delivery and Biodistribution of Traceable Polymeric Micellar Diclofenac in the Rat.

The nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs elevate cardiovascular risk, perhaps, due to their accumulation in the heart and kidneys. We designed nanodelivery systems for cardiotoxic diclofenac to reduce its presence in these organs. Diclofenac ethyl ester (DFEE) was encapsulated in traceable micelles based on poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(ε-caprolactone) (DFEE-PCL-TM) or poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(α-benzyl carboxylate-ε-caprolactone) (DFEE-PBCL-TM).

Nanomedicine for immunosuppressive therapy: achievements in pre-clinical and clinical research.

Introduction: Immunosuppression is the mainstay therapy in organ transplantation and autoimmune diseases. The effective clinical application of immunosuppressive agents has suffered from the emergence of systemic immunosuppression and/or individual drug side effects. Nanotechnology approaches may be used to modify the mentioned shortcomings by enhancing the delivery of immunosuppressants to target cells of the immune system, thus reducing the required dose for function, and/or reducing drug distribution to non-target tissues.

Onset of Action and Efficacy of Ibuprofen Liquigel as Compared to Solid Tablets: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: Ibuprofen liquigel has been believed to provide faster analgesic effect. However, comparative studies evaluating the efficacy of liquigel versus regular tablets are not available. Hence, we carried out a systematic review and a meta-analysis to compare the onset of action and efficacy of over-the-counter doses of ibuprofen liquigel (IBULG) vs ibuprofen tablets (IBUT).