Patterns of testicular cytology in men with primary infertility: any change since the Gulf War?

Objective: To evaluate the patterns of testicular cytology in men with primary infertility, to compare the morphologic patterns between the periods 1990-1995, immediately after Gulf War II, and 1997-2001 and to determine whether there is a correlation between hormonal profile, testicular volume and morphologic pattern.

Study Design: Retrospective study of men with primary infertility. History, complete physical examination, hormonal assay and testicular ultrasound were evaluated.