The association between gut microbiota and accelerated aging and frailty: a Mendelian randomization study.

Background: The recent observational studies have unveiled the correlation between the composition and dynamic alterations of the gut microbiome and aging; however, the causal relationship remains uncertain.

Aims: The objective of this study is to investigate the causal relationship between the gut microbiome and accelerated aging as well as frailty, from a genetic perspective.

Methods: We obtained data on the gut microbiome, intrinsic epigenetic age acceleration, and Frailty Index from published large-scale genome-wide association studies.

Mechanistic applications of low-temperature plasma in starch-based biopolymer film: A review.

The substitution of traditional packaging with bio-based edible films has emerged as a new research direction. The starch biopolymer films currently studied by researchers exhibit issues such as inadequate physical properties, barrier performance, mechanical strength, and biological activity. Consequently, a range of advanced techniques are employed to enhance the properties of biopolymer films.

Disrupting the bacterial language: quorum quenching and its applications.

Quorum sensing (QS) is a bacterial communication method closely linked with population density and regulates biofilm formation and the secretion of virulence factors through the release, recognition, and prompt response to small molecule signals. At low cell density, each bacterium produces a low concentration of QS signals that diffuse or are actively transported into the external environment. The accumulated QS signals in the external environment reach a threshold concentration when the bacterial population attains a certain density, enabling effective recognition and interaction of bacterial QS signals with their receptors.

Trajectory of Cognitive Function After Incident Heart Failure.

Background: The magnitude of cognitive changes after incident heart failure (HF) is unclear. We assessed whether incident HF is associated with changes in cognition after accounting for pre-HF cognitive trajectories and known determinants of cognition.

Methods: This pooled cohort study included adults without HF, stroke, or dementia from 6 US population-based studies from 1971 to 2019.

Citric Acid Improves Egg White Protein Foaming Characteristics and Meringue 3D Printing Performance.

Meringue has limited the use of meringue for personalization because of its thermally unstable system. Citric acid (CA) enhancement of egg white protein (EWP) foaming properties is proposed for the preparation of 3D-printed meringues. The results showed that CA increased the viscosity, exposure of hydrophobic groups (79.

Genome-wide microsatellite characterization and their marker development and transferability in Broussonetia Species.

Background: Broussonetia papyrifera, B. monoica, and B. kaempferi belong to the genus Broussonetia (Moraceae).

Egg white protein‑sodium alginate smart labels based on pH-driven method and nonphase change 3D printing in mackerel freshness response.

The smart labels prepared via the casting method and molten 3D printing method have a long heating time at high temperature and a dense network structure, resulting in a decrease in the color response ability of the labels. Therefore, this study uses a nonphase change foam 3D printing method with a shorter heating time to improve the color sensitivity of smart labels. By the pH driving method, the blending and pregelation of sodium alginate (Alg) can extend the drainage time of the interfacial film to the maximum extent, thus further improving the foam stability of egg white protein (EWP) and endowing the interfacial adsorption layer with better flexibility and fluidity.

Deciphering the role of APOE in cerebral amyloid angiopathy: from genetic insights to therapeutic horizons.

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), characterized by the deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides in the walls of medium and small vessels of the brain and leptomeninges, is a major cause of lobar hemorrhage in elderly individuals. Among the genetic risk factors for CAA that continue to be recognized, the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene is the most significant and prevalent, as its variants have been implicated in more than half of all patients with CAA. While the presence of the APOE ε4 allele markedly increases the risk of CAA, the ε2 allele confers a protective effect relative to the common ε3 allele.

Generation of Multiple-Depth 3D Computer-Generated Holograms from 2D-Image-Datasets Trained CNN.

Generating computer-generated holograms (CGHs) for 3D scenes by learning-based methods can reconstruct arbitrary 3D scenes with higher quality and faster speed. However, the homogenization and difficulty of obtaining 3D high-resolution datasets seriously limit the generalization ability of the model. A novel approach is proposed to train 3D encoding models based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) using 2D image datasets.

Preparation and Characterization of Egg White Protein-Based Composite Edible Coating Containing Thymol Nanoemulsion.

In this study, thymol-loaded nanoemulsion (THYNE) was incorporated into a mixture of egg white protein and hyaluronic acid to prepare antibacterial biopolymer coatings. The oil phase of the nanoemulsion (NE) was prepared by mixing different mass ratios of thymol and corn oil. NE was formed using ultrasonic emulsification, and the physicochemical properties of the NE were investigated.

Transcriptome and metabolome analyses reveal the mechanisms by which HS improves energy and nitrogen metabolism in tall fescue under low-light stress.

Hydrogen sulfide (HS) functions as a signaling molecule affecting plant growth, development, and stress adaptation. Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), a bioenergy crop, encounters significant challenges in agricultural production owing to low light by shading.

[Atmospheric HONO Concentration Levels and Generation Mechanisms in Nanjing in Winter and Summer].

HONO, or gaseous nitrous acid, has a significant impact on air quality and climate. An atmospheric gaseous nitrous acid （HONO） observation study was carried out in December 2021 （winter） and July 2022 （summer） in the Jiangbei New District of Nanjing City, respectively. Using the HONO concentration observation data, combined with the atmospheric NO and O concentrations during the sampling period as well as the reaction rate of the HONO generation process and other parameters, we compared and analyzed the change rule of the atmospheric HONO concentration during winter and summer in the Nanjing area, quantitatively investigated the sources of diurnal atmospheric HONO and its generation mechanism, and explored the unknown sources of atmospheric HONO during the daytime.

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomal miR-181a-5p promotes M2 macrophage polarization to alleviate acute pancreatitis through ZEB2-mediated RACK1 ubiquitination.

As a common digestive disease, acute pancreatitis (AP) often threatens the life of patients. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) derived exosomes have exhibited some benefits for AP. However, the mechanism remains unclear and deserves to be further investigated.

Endurance exercise attenuates Gαq-RNAi induced hereditary obesity and skeletal muscle dysfunction via improving skeletal muscle Srl/MRCC-I pathway in Drosophila.

G protein alpha q subunit (Gαq) can binds to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) for signaling and is closely related to lipid metabolism. Endurance exercise is an effective means of combating acquired obesity and its complications, but the mechanisms by which endurance exercise modulates hereditary obesity and its complications are unknown. In this study, we achieved knockdown of Gαq in drosophila adipose tissue and skeletal muscle by constructing the Gαq-UAS-RNAi/Ppl-Gal4 and Gαq-UAS-RNAi/Mef2-GAl4 systems.

3D printing cassava starch-ovalbumin intelligent labels: Co-pigmentation effects of gallic acid on anthocyanins.

Anthocyanins are often chosen as signal converters of intelligent labels. However, they are degraded by high-temperature oxidation in the process of intelligent label preparation. The color fading seriously affects the sensitivity of color development.

Allometric comparison of viral dynamics in the nasal cavity-nasopharyngeal mucus layer of human and rhesus monkey by CFD-HCD approach.

Background And Objective: Viral respiratory infections stand as a considerable global health concern, presenting significant risks to the health of both humans and animals. This study aims to conduct a preliminary analysis of the time series of viral load in the nasal cavity-nasopharynx (NC-NP) of the human and rhesus macaque (RM).

Methods: Taking into account the random uniform distribution of virus-laden droplets with a diameter of 10 μm in the mucus layer, this study applies the computational fluid dynamics-host cell dynamics (CFD-HCD) method to 3D-shell NC-NP models of human and RM, analyzing the impact of initial distribution of droplets on the viral dynamics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), estimating parameters in the HCD model based on experimental data, integrating them into simulations to predict the time series of viral load and cell counts, and being visualized.

[A Survey of the Current Status and the Needs of Medical Imaging Technicians in China].

Objective: To investigate the status quo and the needs of medical imaging technicians (MITs) in the radiology department of secondary and tertiary hospitals in China, so as to provide references and support for the development of the medical imaging technology industry and the relevant policymaking by health administrative departments.

Methods: The questionnaire was developed by the Chinese Society of Imaging Technology. The radiology department of each hospital involved in the survey recommended one MIT to fill out the online questionnaire.

Isochlorogenic acid A ameliorated lead-induced anxiety-like behaviors in mice by inhibiting ferroptosis-mediated neuroinflammation via the BDNF/Nrf2/GPX4 pathways.

Lead (Pb) is a common environmental neurotoxicant that causes behavioral impairments in both rodents and humans. Isochlorogenic acid A (ICAA), a phenolic acid found in a variety of natural sources such as tea, fruits, vegetables, coffee, plant-based food products, and various medicinal plants, exerts multiple effects, including protective effects on the lungs, livers, and intestines. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential neuroprotective effects of ICAA against Pb-induced neurotoxicity in ICR mice.