Free Water MR Imaging of White Matter Microstructural Changes is a Sensitive Marker of Amyloid Positivity in Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: Extracellular free water (FW) resulting from white matter degeneration limits the sensitivity of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in predicting Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Purpose: To evaluate the sensitivity of FW-DTI in detecting white matter microstructural changes in AD. To validate the effectiveness of FW-DTI indices to predict amyloid-beta (Aβ) positivity in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) subtypes.

The Nuclear Localization of the DnaJ-Like Zinc Finger Domain-Containing Protein EDA3 Affects Seed Development in .

The DnaJ-like zinc finger domain-containing proteins are involved in different aspects of plastid function and development. Some of these proteins were recently reported to have dual subcellular localization in the nucleus and plastids. One member of this family, PSA2 (AT2G34860), was found to localize to the thylakoid lumen and regulate the assembly of photosystem I (PSI).

At3g53630 encodes a GUN1-interacting protein under norflurazon treatment.

Chloroplasts are semi-autonomous organelles, with more than 95% of their proteins encoded by the nuclear genome. The chloroplast-to-nucleus retrograde signals are critical for the nucleus to coordinate its gene expression for optimizing or repairing chloroplast functions in response to changing environments. In chloroplasts, the pentatricopeptide-repeat protein GENOMES UNCOUPLED 1 (GUN1) is a master switch that senses aberrant physiological states, such as the photooxidative stress induced by norflurazon (NF) treatment, and represses the expression of photosynthesis-associated nuclear genes (PhANGs).

Autofluorescence-Free Immunoassay Using X-ray Scintillating Nanotags.

Autofluorescence background in complex biological samples is a major challenge in achieving high sensitivity of fluorescence immunoassays (FIA). Here we report an X-ray luminescence-based immunoassay for high-sensitivity detection of biomarkers using X-ray scintillating nanotags. Due to the weak scattering and absorption of most biological chromophores by X-ray excitation, a low-dose X-ray source can be used to produce intense scintillating luminescence from the nanotags for autofluorescence-free biosensing.

Comparative studies of polydatin and resveratrol on mutual transformation and antioxidative effect in vivo.

Background: Polydatin and resveratrol are extractives of radix or rhizoma of Polygonum cuspidatum, and as the glycoside forms, it is a natural precursor of resveratrol.

Purpose: In this study, we aimed to explore the mutual transformation between polydatin and resveratrol in rats, and to compare the antioxidative effect of them in vivo.

Study Design: In this study, we analyzed the serum molar concentration of polydatin and resveratrol after oral administration in rats and evaluated the anti-oxidative stress effects of them using a mouse model.