Age-Related Variations in Patterns of Patent Foramen Ovale-Stroke versus Other Cryptogenic Stroke.

Introduction: Patent foramen ovale (PFO)-stroke, a form of cryptogenic stroke, has certain identifying clinical and imaging features. However, data describing this stroke type remain inconsistent. This study examined the potential variations in PFO-stroke features, depending on age.

Regional disparities in prehospital delay of acute ischemic stroke: The Korean Stroke Registry.

Background: Late hospital arrival keeps patients with stroke from receiving recanalization therapy and is associated with poor outcomes. This study used a nationwide acute stroke registry to investigate the trends and regional disparities in prehospital delay and analyze the significant factors associated with late arrivals.

Methods: Patients with acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack between January 2012 and December 2021 were included.

Blood urea nitrogen to albumin ratio is associated with cerebral small vessel diseases.

Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) to albumin ratio (BAR) is a comprehensive parameter that reflects renal, inflammatory, nutritional, and endothelial functions. BAR has been shown to be associated with various cancers, pneumonia, sepsis, and pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases; however, few studies have been conducted on its association with cerebrovascular diseases. In this study, we evaluated the association between BAR and cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) in health check-up participants.

Monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio is associated with cerebral small vessel diseases.

Background: Inflammation is a major pathological mechanism underlying cerebrovascular disease. Recently, a new inflammatory marker based on the ratio between monocyte count and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol has been proposed. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between monocyte-to-HDL cholesterol ratio (MHR) and cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) lesions in health check-up participants.

Association of high-estimated glomerular filtration rate with the severity of ischemic stroke during non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants therapy: a nationwide cohort study.

Aim: While the relationship between impaired kidney function and non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) is well established, there is limited research exploring the association between an elevated estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and the efficacy of NOACs, especially concerning the outcomes of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). This study aimed to examine the association between higher-than-normal eGFR and the severity of AIS during the use of NOACs using a nationwide multicenter stroke registry in Korea.

Material And Methods: This study utilized data from the Korean Stroke Registry (KSR) database, examining information from 2,379 patients with AIS, who had atrial fibrillation (AF) and a history of utilizing NOACs prior to hospitalization due to incident stroke occurring between 2016 and 2021.

Presence of Embolic Source and Outcome in Central Retinal Artery Occlusion.

Objectives: The etiology of central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is unclear in approximately 50% of patients, suggesting pathomechanical heterogeneity; moreover, little is known about outcomes according to etiology. This study investigated whether the presence of an embolic source affects outcome in CRAO.

Methods: CRAO patients within 7 days of symptom onset were retrospectively enrolled.

Characteristics and Clinical Implication of White Matter Lesions in Patients With Adult Moyamoya Disease.

Background And Objectives: White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are reportedly increased in moyamoya disease (MMD); however, their clinical importance is not well-established owing to their pathophysiologic heterogeneity by distribution. This study aimed to evaluate the burden and pattern of WMHs and its clinical implications in the MMD trajectory.

Methods: Adult patients with MMD without significant structural lesions were 1:1 propensity score-matched with healthy controls for sex and vascular risk factors.

Targeted Metabolomic Biomarkers for Stroke Subtyping.

Background And Purpose: Ischemic stroke is a heterogeneous disease with various etiologies. The current subtyping process is complicated, time-consuming, and costly. Metabolite-based biomarkers have the potential to improve classification and deliver optimal treatments.

Association of Body Shape Index with Cerebral Small Vessel Disease.

Introduction: A body shape index (ABSI) is an anthropometric index designed to reflect the influence of visceral fat. ABSI has been previously associated with various atherosclerosis, metabolic diseases, and cardiovascular diseases; however, relatively few studies have been conducted on cerebrovascular disease. In this study, we evaluated the association between ABSI and cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) in health check-up participants.

Serum C3 complement levels predict prognosis and monitor disease activity in Guillain-Barré syndrome.

Objective: Biomarkers are needed to predict prognosis and disease activity in patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). The complement system is a key player in the pathogenesis of GBS. This study aimed to assess the potential utility of serum complement proteins as novel biomarkers in GBS.

Annual exposure to PM is related to cerebral small vessel disease in general adult population.

Ambient air pollution is one of the most important global health issues. Although several studies have been reported the associations between air pollution and brain function or structure, impact of the air pollution on cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) have rarely been explored in Asian adult population. We evaluated the association between exposure to air pollutants and cSVD in Korean asymptomatic adults.

Systemic immune-inflammation index is associated with white matter hyperintensity volume.

Systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) is a novel inflammatory marker based on the composition ratio of blood cell counts. In this study, we evaluated the association between the SII and cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) in health check-up participants. We evaluated participants from our health check-up registry between 2006 and 2013.

Clinical Differences Between Stroke and Stroke Mimics in Code Stroke Patients.

Background: The code stroke system is designed to identify stroke patients who may benefit from reperfusion therapy. It is essential for emergency physicians to rapidly distinguish true strokes from stroke mimics to activate code stroke. This study aimed to investigate the clinical and neurological characteristics that can be used to differentiate between stroke and stroke mimics in the emergency department (ED).

Changes in Stroke Patients' Health-Seeking Behavior by COVID-19 Epidemic Regions: Data from the Korean Stroke Registry.

Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to changes in stroke patients' healthcare use. This study evaluated changes in Korean stroke patients' health-seeking behaviors and stroke care services using data from the Korean Stroke Registry (KSR).

Methods: We reviewed data from patients with acute stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA) during 2019 (before COVID-19 period) and 2020 (COVID-19 period).

Renal Dysfunction Is Associated with Middle Cerebral Artery Pulsatility Index and Total Burden of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease.

Background And Purpose: Renal dysfunction is known to affect vasculature and lead to systemic arterial stiffness. It also independently increases the risk of cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) and stroke. We aimed to examine the effect of renal dysfunction on cerebral hemodynamics and the burden of cSVD.

Glycated Albumin, a Novel Biomarker for Short-Term Functional Outcomes in Acute Ischemic Stroke.

There is growing interest in the use of new biomarkers such as glycated albumin (GA), but data are limited in acute ischemic stroke. We explored the impact of GA on short-term functional outcomes as measured using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 3 months compared to glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). A total of 1163 AIS patients from two hospitals between 2016 and 2019 were included.

Impact of onset-to-door time on outcomes and factors associated with late hospital arrival in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Background And Purpose: Previous studies have reported that early hospital arrival improves clinical outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke; however, whether early arrival is associated with favorable outcomes regardless of reperfusion therapy and the type of stroke onset time is unclear. Thus, we investigated the impact of onset-to-door time on outcomes and evaluated the predictors of pre-hospital delay after ischemic stroke.

Methods: Consecutive acute ischemic stroke patients who arrived at the hospital within five days of onset from September 2019 to May 2020 were selected from the prospective stroke registries of Seoul National University Hospital and Chung-Ang University Hospital of Seoul, Korea.

Effectiveness of mechanical thrombectomy in cancer-related stroke and associated factors with unfavorable outcome.

Background: The effectiveness of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in cancer-related stroke (CRS) is largely unknown. This study aims to investigate the clinical and radiological outcomes of MT in CRS patients. We also explored the factors that independently affect functional outcomes of patients with CRS after MT.

Triglyceride-glucose index is associated with early neurological deterioration in single subcortical infarction: Early prognosis in single subcortical infarctions.

Background: The research about the influence of triglyceride-glucose index on early prognosis in stroke is lacking.

Aims: In this study, we evaluated the association between triglyceride-glucose index and early neurological deterioration in patients with single subcortical infarctions.

Methods: Consecutive patients with single subcortical infarctions within 72 h of symptom onset between 2011 and 2015.