A polysaccharide from Periplaneta americana promotes macrophage M2 polarization, exhibiting anti-inflammatory and wound-healing activities.

A miscellaneous polysaccharide, PAP55-3-1, with a molecular weight of 23.03 kDa, was isolated from Periplaneta americana through extraction with dilute alkali solution, ethanol precipitation, and column chromatography purification. Structural analysis shows that PAP55-3-1 is mainly composed of five monosaccharides: galactosamine hydrochloride, glucosamine hydrochloride, galactose, glucose and mannose.

Coherent Förster resonance energy transfer: A new paradigm for electrically driven quantum dot random lasers.

The many distinct advantages of random lasers focused efforts on developing a breakthrough from optical pumping to electrical pumping. However, progress in these is limited due to high optical loss and low gain. In this work, we demonstrate an electrically pumped quantum dot (QD) random laser with visible emission based on a previously unexplored paradigm named coherent Förster resonance energy transfer (CFRET).

Ultralow Threshold Cavity-Free Laser Induced by Total Internal Reflection.

Total internal reflection is one of the most important phenomena when a propagated wave strikes a medium boundary, which possesses a wide range of applications spanning from optical communication to a fluorescence microscope. It has also been widely used to demonstrate conventional laser actions with resonant cavities. Recently, cavity-free stimulated emission of radiation has attracted great attention in disordered media because of several exciting physical phenomena, ranging from Anderson localization of light to speckle-free imaging.

A Highly-Efficient Single Segment White Random Laser.

Production of multicolor or multiple wavelength lasers over the full visible-color spectrum from a single chip device has widespread applications, such as superbright solid-state lighting, color laser displays, light-based version of Wi-Fi (Li-Fi), and bioimaging, etc. However, designing such lasing devices remains a challenging issue owing to the material requirements for producing multicolor emissions and sophisticated design for producing laser action. Here we demonstrate a simple design and highly efficient single segment white random laser based on solution-processed NaYF:Yb/Er/Tm@NaYF:Eu core-shell nanoparticles assisted by Au/MoO multilayer hyperbolic meta-materials.

Wrinkled 2D Materials: A Versatile Platform for Low-Threshold Stretchable Random Lasers.

A stretchable, flexible, and bendable random laser system capable of lasing in a wide range of spectrum will have many potential applications in next- generation technologies, such as visible-spectrum communication, superbright solid-state lighting, biomedical studies, fluorescence, etc. However, producing an appropriate cavity for such a wide spectral range remains a challenge owing to the rigidity of the resonator for the generation of coherent loops. 2D materials with wrinkled structures exhibit superior advantages of high stretchability and a suitable matrix for photon trapping in between the hill and valley geometries compared to their flat counterparts.

An Arbitrary Color Light Emitter.

The integration of a light-emitting transistor based on graphene/insulator/semiconductor with downconversion emitters enables the manipulation of emitted light covering the whole chromaticity space, including white-light emission. This novel arbitrary-color light emitter offers a promising approach for new applications in optoelectronic devices ranging from displays to solid-state lighting.

[Spatiotemporal characteristics of urban land expansion in central area of Shanghai, China].

Using the high spatial resolution (2.5 m) color-infrared aerial photos acquired in 1989, 1994, 2000 and 2005, this paper analyzed the spatiotemporal characteristics of rapid urban expansion in central Shanghai with urban expansion intensity index and gradient analysis. Results showed that urban land use in Shanghai increased rapidly in a "pancake" style during the study period, and the anisotropic urban expansion moved the urban center 2.