Transarterial Embolization Enhances Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1 Expression and Influences CD8T Lymphocytes Cytotoxicity in an Orthotopic Hepatocellular Carcinoma Rat Model.

Purpose: To investigate the influence of transarterial embolization (TAE) on programmed cell death-ligand 1(PD-L1) expression and CD8T tumour infiltrative lymphocyte cytotoxicity in the Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat model of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Materials And Methods: An orthotopic HCC model was established in twenty SD rats treated with TAE (lipiodol, n = 10) or sham (normal saline, n = 10) using homologous N1S1 hepatoma cells. Rats were euthanized 1 week after embolization.

Upregulation of PD-L1 expression promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in sorafenib-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Background: The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) status is associated with programmed death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in various cancers. However, the role and molecular mechanism of PD-L1 in the EMT of sorafenib-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells remain elusive. In this study, we aimed to investigate the regulation of PD-L1 on the EMT in sorafenib-resistant HCC cells.

Serum is an indispensable factor in the maintenance of the biological characteristics of sweat gland cells.

The tolerance of sweat gland cells for in vitro amplification and subcultivation is low as they are somatic cells. The present study aimed to formulate an optimal medium for the culture of human eccrine sweat gland cells (HESGCs) and to establish a method for induction of HESGCs proliferation, whilst maintaining the characteristics of sweat gland cells. HESGCs cultured in sweat gland (SG):keratinocyte growth medium‑2 (KGM‑2) (1:1) medium had a higher proliferation rate and a stable morphology compared with cells cultured in SG and KGM‑2 medium only.

Amniotic fluid stem cells provide considerable advantages in epidermal regeneration: B7H4 creates a moderate inflammation microenvironment to promote wound repair.

The current treatments for severe skin injury all involve skin grafting. However, there is a worldwide shortage of donor skin tissue. In this study, we examined the advantages of using human amniotic fluid stem (hAFS) cells in skin wound healing.