rs4148323 A Allele is Associated With Increased 2-Hydroxy Atorvastatin Formation and Higher Death Risk in Chinese Patients With Coronary Artery Disease.

It is widely accepted that genetic polymorphisms impact atorvastatin (ATV) metabolism, clinical efficacy, and adverse events. The objectives of this study were to identify novel genetic variants influencing ATV metabolism and outcomes in Chinese patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). A total of 1079 CAD patients were enrolled and followed for 5 years.

Plasma miR-142 accounting for the missing heritability of CYP3A4/5 functionality is associated with pharmacokinetics of clopidogrel.

Aim: To investigate whether plasma miRNAs targeting CYP3A4/5 have an impact on the variance of pharmacokinetics of clopidogrel.

Materials & Methods: The contribution of 13 miRNAs to the CYP3A4/5 gene expression and activity was investigated in 55 liver tissues. The association between plasma miRNAs targeting CYP3A4/5 mRNA and clopidogrel pharmacokinetics was analyzed in 31 patients with coronary heart disease who received 300 mg loading dose of clopidogrel.

[A cross-sectional study on the prevalence of HIV drug resistance in patients receiving antiretroviral treatment in Shenqiu county, Henan province].

Objective: To understand the prevalence of drug resistance in AIDS patients who had been receiving HAART in a long run, in Shenqiu county, Henan province.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 120 HIV infected patients who began receiving ART (antiretroviral therapy) in 2003. Viral loads and CD(4)(+) T cells counts were measured, and In-house drug resistance test was performed in VL > 1000 copies/ml patients.

Similar neutralizing activity in the HIV-1 infected long term non-progressors(LTNPs) and typical progressors(TPs).

Neutralizing antibodies are considered to be an important protective parameter used in HIV-1 vaccine evaluation. However, the exact role that neutralizing antibodies plays in controlling the disease progression of HIV-1 infected peoples is still undetermined. In this paper, we compared the protective function of the neutralizing antibody response in the plasma from LTNP and TP against clade B and clade C pseudoviruses.

[Prevalence status and mutation pattern of H221Y in subtype B' of HIV-1].

Objective: To explore the prevalence and mutation pattern of H221Y at reverse transcriptase (RT) among the subtype B' of human immunodeficiency virus1 (HIV-1) in antiviral therapy-failure patients.

Methods: A total of 1363 sequences, comprising of 1205 therapy-failure individuals and 158 therapy-naive individuals, were submitted to the Stanford HIV drug resistance database (SHDB) to analyze the frequency and mutation pattern of H221Y.

Results: The prevalence of mutation H221Y in the therapy-failure population was significantly higher than that of the therapy-naive (6.

[Studying on the prevalence and mutation pattern of N348I which related to the resistance of HIV-1].

Objective: To elucidate the prevalence and the mutation pattern of N348I that related to the resistance seen in the AIDS patients, in China.

Methods: Partial pol gene of HIV-1 comprising of full protease (PR) and reverse transcriptase (RT) was obtained from plasma samples of therapy-failure individuals (n = 614) and therapy-naive individuals (n = 619) by using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). 1233 sequences were then submitted to the HIV-1 drug resistance database of the Stanford University to analyze the prevalence and the emergence pattern of N348I.

Allele-specific real-time PCR testing for minor HIV-1 drug resistance mutations: assay preparation and application to reveal dynamic of mutations in vivo.

Background: It is very important for the clinical management to test for minor HIV-1 resistance mutations accurately and sensitively. The conventional genotypic assays of HIV drug resistance detection based on sequencing can only discriminate the mutations which present in more than 20% - 30%. The aim of this study was to evaluate allele-specific real-time PCR (ASPCR) to detect the resistance-related mutations located at positions 103, 184 and 215.

[Occurrence of human immunodeficiency virus-1 resistance through a six-year surveillance in rural areas of Henan].

Objective: To analyze the occurring rules of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) drug resistance under an unique therapy model among HIV-1 infected individuals on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in rural areas of Henan, China.

Methods: A cohort of 75 individuals on an ART regimen of zidovudine (ZDV), dideoxyinosine (ddI) and nevirapine (NVP) was established in March 2003. A total of 12 surveillance were conducted and 788 person-times were studied until 2010.

[Screening program on novel drug resistance mutations of subtype B' in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in China].

Objective: To screen the level of novel drug resistance mutations in subtype B' in China.

Methods: 451 pol sequences collected from the previous study, which including 354 AIDS patients who had received antiretroviral treatment (ART) and 97 the untreated patients. Entire protease gene (codons 1 - 99) and full-length reverse transcriptase gene (codons 1 - 560) were included.

Indinavir resistance evolution in one human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infected patient revealed by single-genome amplification.

Unlabelled: Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 exists in vivo as quasispecies, and one of the genome's characteristics is its diversity. During the antiretroviral therapy, drug resistance is the main obstacle to effective viral prevention. Understanding the molecular evolution process is fundamental to analyze the mechanism of drug resistance and develop a strategy to minimize resistance.

Competitive capacity of HIV-1 strains carrying M184I or Y181I drug-resistant mutations.

Background: Virus with nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) or nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) resistant mutations show different evolution tendencies when the anti-viral therapies are interrupted. Understanding the replication fitness of drug-resistant virus is important for the study of the prevalence of drug-resistance. For this purpose, we characterized the replication capacity of HIV-1 virus carrying lamivudine (3TC) or nevirapine (NVP) resistant mutations.

[Research on the selective kinetics of HIV-1 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor drug resistance-associated mutations among 4 AIDS patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy].

Objective: To elucidate the molecular evolutional characteristics of HIV-1 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) drug resistance-associated mutations in patients with AIDS receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy.

Methods: We selected 4 AIDS patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) with good adherence under a HIV-1 drug resistance cohort from a rural region in central China. Those people carried susceptible virus at the beginning of treatment and gradually came to produce virus resistant to NRTIs during the process of antiretroviral therapy (ART).

[Study on the difference of the APOBEC3G mRNA levels among HIV long-term nonprogressors, slow progressors, people at high risks and normal people].

Objective: To examine the APOBEC3G (hA3G) mRNA levels of four different groups in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalent areas in central China and to analyze the relationship between hA3G mRNA levels and HIV disease progression.

Methods: We collected peripheral blood and isolated the peripheral boold monouuclear cells (PBMCs), and then cryo-preserved the PBMCs in liquid nitrogen. Prior to the total extraction of RNA, PBMCs were resuscitated and mRNA were reverse Transcripted to cDNA in vitro.

[Concurrent chemoradiotherapy versus radiotherapy in advanced cervical carcinoma].

Background & Objective: Cisplatin-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy has become the standard treatment modality for locally advanced cervical cancer. However, the optimal chemotherapy regimen combined with radiotherapy remains controversial. This study was to compare the therapeutic efficacy and toxicity of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with those of radiotherapy, and those among different regimens of concurrent chemoradiotherapy for stage IIB-IIIB cervical cancer.

[Study on the effect of treatment and the status of drug resistance among HIV/AIDS patients treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy in Shandong province].

Objective: To understand the effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on AIDS patients, and to explore the prevalence and the impact of HIV-1 drug resistance in Shandong province.

Methods: 2 cross-sectional studies were carried on in 2004 and 2005, to collect data on clinical symptoms and compliance of the AIDS patients with HAART through questionnaire. Informed-consent principle was followed to test on immunological, viral and laboratory index of them.

[Clinical analysis of 48 patients with vaginal enlarged amputation of cervix].

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and safety of vaginal enlarged amputation of cervix to treat patients with cervical cancer of stage Ia1 and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade III (CIN III) who were unfit for conization surgery.

Methods: From July 2002 to May 2007, patients with cervical cancer at stage Ia1, diagnosed by pathology after loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP), large area CIN III (the area of lesion>or=3/4 on colposcopy), CIN III coexisted with vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VAIN) in the superior segment of vagina, CIN II-III recurrence or with residual lesion, positive margin after conization of cervix, who wanted to preserve fertility and (or) corpus uteri were selected to receive vaginal enlarged amputation of cervix.

Results: Forty-eight cases including 5 with cervical cancer in stage Ia1, 38 with large area CIN III (9 with gland involvement), 2 with residual lesion and 2 with positive margin after LEEP, 1 recurrence after cold knife conization, received the procedure successfully.

[Study on the antiviral therapy program among people with human immunodeficiency virus in Guangxi Zhuang Authority].

Objective: To explore the reconstitution of immune function and viral suppression condition and to analyze the occurrence of drug resistance HIV-1 variants and its prevalence after using HAART in Guangxi Autonomy Region.

Methods: From July 2004 to October 2005, 133 HIV infected individuals who had received HAART for more than three months were recruited, and 58 infected persons with no antiviral therapy were selected as controls. Questionnaire was used to collect information about the adherence of HAART therapy.

Phenotypic resistance of resistant strains of HIV type-1 subtype B in China.

Background: This study was aim to explore the characteristics of phenotypic resistance of resistant strains of HIV type-1 (HIV-1) subtype B and to compare the concordance between the phenotypic resistance and genotypic resistance.

Methods: The genotypic resistance assay for the HIV-1 clinical isolates was performed. One isolate without resistance mutation was chosen as a drug-sensitive reference strain and seven subtype B isolates with resistance mutations were phenotypically tested.

Targeting of hepatoma cell and suppression of tumor growth by a novel 12mer peptide fused to superantigen TSST-1.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), one of the most common and malignant tumors worldwide, is unresponsive to any of the available therapies. Using intact HCC cells as therapeutic targets, we isolated a novel peptide, denoted HCC79 (KSLSRHDHIHHH), from a phage display peptide library. HCC79 can bind to hepatoma cell membranes with high affinity and specificity.

[Cohort study on human immunodeficiency virus discordant couples in the countryside of central China].

Objective: To establish a cohort of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) discordant couples for follow-up studies and to collect data on frequency of HIV heterosexual transmission and related factors.

Methods: A total of 52 HIV discordant couples were identified by face to face interview and serological testing, in which the HIV negative individuals had no HIV infection behaviors including injecting drug use, blood transfusion or having sexual partners other than his/her own wife/husband. Three times of follows-up studies were carried out in 0.

Prevalence and evolution of drug resistance HIV-1 variants in Henan, China.

To understand the prevalence and evolution of drug resistant HIV strains in Henan China after the implementation of free antiretroviral therapy for AIDS patients. 45 drug naïve AIDS patients, 118 AIDS patients who received three months antiretroviral therapy and 124 AIDS patients who received six months antiretroviral treatment were recruited in the southern part of Henan province. Information on general condition, antiretroviral medicines, adherence and clinical syndromes were collected by face to face interview.

[Genotypic antiretroviral resistance testing and phylogenetic analysis of protease and reverse transcriptase in antiretroviral drug-naïve AIDS patients in Henan province].

Objective: Frequency, type and clinical implications on protease and reverse transcriptase drug resistance mutations were investigated and phylogenetic analysis in antiretroviral drug-naïve AIDS patients was carried out in Henan province.

Methods: 45 plasma samples were separated from the anticoagulatory whole blood, from which reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction technique was used to amplify the partial pol gene. The sequences were analysed for genotypic antiretroviral resistance and phylogenetic relation through landing the websites http://hivdb.