Alport syndrome (AS) is a genetic disorder marked by mutations in type IV collagen, leading to kidney glomerular dysfunction. AS also involves the cochlea, causing late-onset progressive hearing loss. Currently, there are no therapeutic drugs to protect hearing from AS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 8th edition and Japanese classification 12th edition can be applied for esophageal cancer staging. This retrospective study aimed to compare these two staging systems in patients with surgically treated esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 2,853 patients who underwent esophagectomy and lymphadenectomy from 1994 to 2020.
Herein, we report the further chemical optimization of the metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 1 (mGlu) positive allosteric modulator (PAM) VU6024578/BI02982816 and the discovery of VU6033685/BI1752. PAM VU6033685/BI1752 was developed through an iterative process wherein, after the furanyl moiety (a potential toxicophore) was replaced by an -linked pyrazole, a diversity screen identified a quinoline core, which was further truncated to a pyridine scaffold. PAM VU6033685/BI1752 proved to be a potent and selective mGlu PAM with efficacy in both amphetamine-induced hyperlocomotion (AHL) and novel object recognition (NOR) with a clear pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) relationship.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTo investigate the effectiveness of re-esterified triglyceride form of omega 3 (rTG-omega 3) on patients with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) after cataract surgery. This multicenter, randomized, investigator-blinded, clinical study was conducted between June 2021 and March 2023 and enrolled 107 patients with MGD who had undergone cataract surgery within 3 months at seven sites across South Korea. Patients were randomly assigned to rTG-omega 3 group or a control group.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThyrogen, a recombinant human thyroid-stimulating hormone (rhTSH), has a short half-life in the bloodstream, which necessitates multiple doses during treatment. Therefore, we developed a new long-acting rhTSH using anti-serum albumin Fab-associated (SAFA) technology to validate its biological activity through in vitro assays, pharmacokinetic studies in healthy mice and pharmacodynamics studies in a thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)-suppressed mouse model. SAFA-TSH was produced using a Chinese hamster ovary expression system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: This study aimed to investigate the differential roles of various plasma biomarkers in a stepwise diagnostic strategy for Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Methods: A total of 2984 participants, including 666 cognitively unimpaired (CU), 2032 with Alzheimer's clinical syndrome (ACS), and 286 non-ACS individuals, were recruited. Plasma amyloid beta (Aβ) 42/40, four phosphorylated tau (p-tau) epitopes, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels were measured using immunoassays.
Traditionally, intrasocket granulation tissue (IGT) has been regarded as infected tissue to be removed during extraction to facilitate bone healing. However, recent findings suggest that IGT can support primary closure, preserving keratinized mucosa and enhancing healing potential without requiring additional soft tissue grafting. This case series explores the application of IGT as an extended flap in immediate implant placement within type III extraction sockets, specifically in the anterior maxilla of healthy patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSolid catalyst development has traditionally relied on trial-and-error approaches, limiting the broader application of valuable insights across different catalyst families. To overcome this fragmentation, we introduce a framework that integrates high-throughput experimentation (HTE) and automatic feature engineering (AFE) with active learning to acquire comprehensive catalyst knowledge. The framework is demonstrated for oxidative coupling of methane (OCM), where active learning is continued until the machine learning model achieves robustness for each of the BaO-, CaO-, LaO-, TiO-, and ZrO-supported catalysts, with 333 catalysts newly tested.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSchool nurse-led asthma interventions play a critical role in managing asthma among students. This study evaluates the effectiveness and key components of interventions for children with asthma. A systematic search of multiple databases was conducted up to September 2023.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDrinking tea is an important cultural and sensory activity in modern society. However, tea consumption may influence biological functions because of its high polyphenol and methylxanthine content. Theophylline is a methylxanthine that plays a significant role in respiratory physiology and is used clinically as a bronchodilator.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCsCuX-based lead-free material (X = Cl, Br, and I) nanocrystals (NCs) are promising eco-friendly materials for various optoelectronic applications. Although manganese (Mn) ion doping into CsCuX may widen the emission color gamut, incorporating them is challenging because of the robust tetrahedral [CuX] and triangular [CuX] structures. This paper addresses this challenge using a lattice engineering strategy, which induces appropriate lattice shrinkage by replacing I with Cl in the CsCuI NC structure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe rise of antibiotic resistance has made bacterial infections a persistent global health issue. In particular, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) secreted by bacteria limit the effectiveness of conventional antibiotics, making biofilm removal challenging. To address this, we created ND@PDA nanoparticles by coating the surface of nanodiamonds (ND) with polydopamine (PDA).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUDP-GlcNAc serves as a building block for glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains in cartilage proteoglycans and simultaneously acts as a substrate for O-GlcNAcylation. Here, we show that transporters for UDP-GlcNAc to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi are significantly downregulated in osteoarthritic cartilage, leading to increased cytosolic UDP-GlcNAc and O-GlcNAcylation in chondrocytes. Mechanistically, upregulated O-GlcNAcylation governs the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) by stabilizing GATA4 via O-GlcNAcylation at S406, which compromises its degradation by p62-mediated selective autophagy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: The treatment of early stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has become increasingly complex. This study evaluates the effectiveness of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) versus laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) for treating solitary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ≤ 3 cm, with a focus on tumor location and depth.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients treated for solitary HCC ≤ 3 cm in the right liver lobe from 2004 to 2022.
Carbon Ion Radiation Therapy is operated in several countries because of its advantage to have high dose concentration and/or high linear energy transfer (LET). To estimate the beam performance of Carbon Ion Radiation Therapy, we target the 1% energy and 1 mm2 position resolutions of the beam monitoring system. The beam monitoring system consists of a scintillation crystal and fiber hodoscope.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Med Internet Res
February 2025
Background: The advancement of information and communication technologies has spurred a growing interest in and increased applications of patient-generated health data (PGHD). In particular, PGHD may be promising for older adults with cancer who have increased survival rates and experience a variety of symptoms.
Objective: This scoping review aimed to identify the characteristics of research on PGHD as applied to older adults with cancer and to assess the current use of PGHD.
Multiple myeloma (MM), a hematological malignancy, is characterized by malignant plasma cell proliferation in the bone marrow. Recent treatment advances have significantly improved patient outcomes associated with MM. In this study, we aimed to develop comprehensive, evidence-based guidelines for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of MM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOvercoming poor pharmacokinetics is a critical challenge in developing therapeutic aptamers, and conjugation to poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is a well-established technique for aptamers to prolong blood circulation. However, the existence of antibodies that specifically recognize PEG and their adverse effects on behaviors have been increasingly reported, highlighting the necessity of alternative modification strategies for aptamers. To address this issue, we focused on a zwitterionic polymer, particularly poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) (PMPC), as a PEG alternative to modify DNA aptamers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
February 2025
In the pursuit to increase the energy density of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), considerable efforts have focused on developing high-capacity cathode materials. While Ni-rich (Ni ≥ 80 at. %) layered cathode materials are considered a viable commercial option, surface engineering is crucial for enhancing their cycle performance for successful implementation in commercial LIBs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrimary ovarian angiosarcoma is an extremely rare malignant soft tissue tumor that arises from the vascular endothelium, with a limited number of reports. It has no specific symptoms, and it is rarely diagnosed in the early stages because of rapid progression. Furthermore, no standard drug therapy is available, and the prognosis is poor.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: The TRIUMPH trial was a biomarker-driven umbrella trial for patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC). This analysis focuses on the PIK3CAɑ inhibitor alpelisib (arm 1) in patients with phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway alterations.
Materials And Methods: Patients with PI3K pathway altered tumors were enrolled in the alpelisib arm of the TRIUMPH study.
Background: A recent randomised trial demonstrated fractional flow reserve (FFR) guidance for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was non-inferior to intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) guidance regarding clinical outcomes, with a lower frequency of PCI.
Aims: We sought to evaluate the prognosis of FFR versus IVUS guidance for PCI of intermediate coronary artery stenosis and low lesion complexity in diabetic and non-diabetic patients.
Methods: This study is a prespecified post hoc analysis from the FLAVOUR trial.
Background: Recent trials have shown that intravascular imaging (IVI)-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) improves clinical outcome, as compared to angiography-guided PCI, in complex coronary artery lesions. However, it is unclear whether this benefit is affected by overall lesion complexity in each patient.
Aims: The present study sought to investigate the impact of overall lesion complexity on the benefit of IVI-guided PCI.
Reducing the thickness of the Li-metal anode is key to enhancing the energy density of batteries. However, poor initial lithium deposition on Cu current collectors can exacerbate the growth of lithium dendrites and limit performance. This study explores innovative strategies by fabricating graphene oxide (GO) and silver nanowire (AgNW) thin films onto Cu-foil using the layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly method.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe advent of Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)-based genome editing technologies has opened up groundbreaking possibilities for treating a wide spectrum of genetic disorders and diseases. However, the success of these technologies relies heavily on the development of efficient and safe delivery systems. Among the most promising approaches are natural and synthetic nanocarrier-mediated delivery systems, including viral vectors, extracellular vesicles (EVs), engineered cellular membrane particles, liposomes, and various nanoparticles.
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