Background: Treatment strategies for Crohn's disease (CD) suppress diverse inflammatory pathways but many patients remain refractory to treatment. Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT) is an emerging therapy for medically refractory CD though the mechanisms through which it circumvents refractory pathophysiology are unknown.
Objective: The objective of this study is to understand how the immune system reconstitutes post-SCT and whether SCT may function as a cellular therapy restoring appropriately responsive immune cell populations from haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs).
Background And Purpose: Intracranial solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) and meningiomas are CNS tumors that share similar imaging manifestations but exhibit different clinical behaviors. This study aimed to compare ADC values and conventional imaging features, particularly pre-contrast T1-weighted signal intensity, between intracranial SFTs and meningiomas.
Materials And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 13 patients with pathologically proven intracranial SFTs and 27 patients with meningiomas who attended our hospital between January 2002 and December 2023.
Implementation of Treat-to-Target (T2T) in routine clinical practice remains low in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Real-world data reveal excessive use of glucocorticoids (GCs) and frequently inadequate disease control. Here, an international task force convened to develop a consensus framework for implementing T2T in routine clinical care of adult patients with SLE.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRepurposing the existing drugs for the management of both common and rare diseases is increasingly appealing due to challenges such as high attrition rates, the economy, and the slow pace of discovering new drugs. Drug repurposing involves the utilization of existing medications to treat diseases for which they were not originally intended. Despite encountering scientific and economic challenges, the pharmaceutical industry is intrigued by the potential to uncover new indications for medications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHypertension in pregnancy contributes substantially to maternal morbidity and mortality, persistent hypertension, and rehospitalization. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are also associated with a heightened risk of cardiovascular disease, and timely recognition and modification of associated risk factors is crucial in optimizing long-term maternal health. During pregnancy, there are expected physiologic alterations in blood pressure (BP); however, pathophysiologic alterations may also occur, leading to preeclampsia and gestational hypertension.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study reports the first steps toward establishing a computer vision system to help caregivers of bedridden patients detect pressure ulcers (PUs) early. While many previous studies have focused on using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to elevate stages, hardware constraints have presented challenges related to model training and overreliance on medical opinions. This study aimed to develop a tool to classify PU stages using a Vision Transformer model to process actual PU photos.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImportance: Understanding the characteristics of discordance between plasma biomarkers and positron emission tomography (PET) results in Alzheimer disease (AD) is crucial for accurate interpretation of the findings.
Objective: To compare (1) medical comorbidities affecting plasma biomarker concentrations, (2) imaging and clinical features, and (3) cognitive changes between plasma biomarker and PET discordant and concordant cases.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This multicenter cohort study, conducted between 2016 and 2023, included individuals with unimpaired cognition, mild cognitive impairment, or Alzheimer-type dementia, who had both amyloid β (Aβ) PET imaging and plasma biomarkers.
Study Design: Comparative Analysis.
Objectives: The American College of Surgeons developed the 2022 Best Practice Guidelines to provide evidence-based recommendations for managing spinal injuries. This study aims to assess the concordance of ChatGPT-4o and Gemini Advanced with the 2022 ACS Best Practice Guidelines, offering the first expert evaluation of these models in managing spinal cord injuries.
Background/objectives: Estrogen regulates certain biological functions, including bone health, maintenance of skin components, and cardiovascular and brain protection. Estrogen deficiency manifests as hot flashes, wrinkles, skin dryness, reduced bone mineral density (BMD), sleep disorders, and cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise combined with ferulic acid (FA) in ovariectomized rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground/objectives: Isoflavones are estrogen-like compounds found in plants and their health effects remain equivocal. We investigated dietary isoflavone intake and its associated factors in Korean breast cancer survivors, with a comparison to cancer-free women.
Subjects/methods: The usual dietary intake of breast cancer survivors (n = 981, mean age 52 yrs) in 9 hospitals between 2012 and 2019 was assessed using 3-day food records or food frequency questionnaires (FFQs).
Background And Study Aims: Management of hemobilia is often challenging. Recently, endoscopic hemostasis with a self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) has shown promising efficacy for controlling bleeding at the endoscopic sphincterotomy site. This study aimed to assess efficacy and feasibility of endoscopic hemostasis as bridge therapy for hemobilia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Traditional serrated adenoma (TSA) is a rare and precancerous lesion of colorectal cancer. The clinical and endoscopic differentiations between TSAs without dysplasia or adenocarcinoma (TSAOs) and TSAs with dysplasia or adenocarcinoma (TSADs) remain unclear.
Aim: To evaluate the characteristics of colorectal TSAs and compare the characteristics of TSAOs with those of TSADs.
Purpose: To investigate the factors contributing to inferior vena cava (IVC) filter removal failure by comparing successful and failed cases using advanced techniques.
Materials And Methods: IVC filter removal was attempted in 331 patients. Of the 29 patients in whom IVC filter removal failed using a simple technique, the IVC filter was successfully removed using an advanced technique in 18 patients and failure was noted in 11 patients.
Multiple cranial neuropathies are complex neurological disorders that present significant treatment challenges due to their intricate and multifaceted underlying causes. Persistent trigeminal artery variant (PTAV) is an unusual anastomosis that connects the internal carotid artery to the cerebellar artery, bypassing the basilar artery. The incidence of PTAVs is approximately 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study aimed to investigate changes in candidemia incidence, species distribution, antifungal susceptibility, initial antifungal use, and mortality trends in Korea before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. A retrospective analysis was conducted on candidemia cases from two tertiary care hospitals in Korea between 2017 and 2022. Data were compared between the pre-pandemic (2017-2019) and pandemic (2020-2022) periods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a condition characterized by noticeable deficits in memory retrieval or other cognitive domains than the individuals with the same age but do not significantly interfere with daily functioning. It represents an intermediate stage between normal aging and dementia, and a crucial opportunity for intervention prior to extensive cognitive decline. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a non-invasive neuromodulation technique, has shown promise in enhancing global cognition in MCI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: Pacific oysters () are globally renowned shellfish. In South Korea, oysters are commonly packaged with filling water in polyethylene bags. Previous studies have proposed various freshness and quality parameters for oysters, including pH, volatile basic nitrogen content, glycogen content, and viable cell count.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBisphenol A (BPA) is a representative obesogen that induces adipocyte differentiation and lipid accumulation by mimicking the action of hormones. is a plant belonging to the mustard family, and has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-obesity effects. However, its efficacy against obesogen-induced obesity requires further investigation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: This study analyzed the sensorial flavor characteristics and volatile Maillard reaction products of mealworm based-reaction flavors (M-RFs) optimized in our previous study; it also explored the main contributors to M-RFs with a desirable beef broth-like flavor. Seven flavor characteristics (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Sci Biotechnol
February 2025
For the development of natural antimicrobial agents targeting spores, this study compared the inactivation effects of ethanol extracts from gardenia fruit, licorice, and fruit against those of commercial antibacterial agents. A 0.01% (w/w) concentration of polylysine with surfactant property exhibited a sporicidal effect, reducing spore concentrations by 2 log CFU/g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: The study investigated the effectiveness of pre- and co-treatment with fermented yellow soybean extract (FYSE) against anti-influenza A virus (IAV) on MDCK cells. FYSE, fermented with , was evaluated for its anti-IAV activity by inhibiting the IAV PA gene expression. Daidzein was identified as a significant contributor to FYSE's antiviral effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) plays a critical role beyond its traditional function in innate immunity, significantly impacting metabolic regulation and liver health. Previously, we reported that TLR5 activation extends the healthspan and lifespan of aging mice. This study demonstrates that TLR5 deficiency leads to pronounced metabolic abnormalities with age, primarily affecting liver metabolic functions rather than intestinal inflammation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGinseng is a well-established functional food for brain health. However, its active ingredients have not yet been identified. Gintonin is a promising compound isolated from white/red ginseng.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnderstanding microbial responses to ammonia is critical for defining thresholds and ensuring stable operation of anaerobic digestion (AD); however, an understanding of the microbiome's resistance mechanisms to high-total-ammonia-nitrogen (TAN) conditions remains limited. This study determined a TAN threshold of 7 g/L for continuous cow manure AD with increasing TAN levels. TAN was identified as the most critical factor influencing the AD performance, with CH production decreasing by > 50 % beyond this level.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: This study aimed to develop a predictive model for the microsatellite-stable (MSS)/epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) subtype of gastric cancer (GC) using computed tomography (CT) radiomics and clinicopathological factors.
Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included 418 patients with GC who underwent primary resection and transcriptome analysis with microarray between October 1995 and May 2008. Using preoperative CT images, radiomic features from the volume of interest in the portal venous phase images were extracted.