Impact of coronary artery calcium on progression of diastolic dysfunction: a cohort study.

Background: The relationship between coronary artery calcium (CAC) and progression of diastolic dysfunction (DD) during longitudinal follow-up is uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and progression of DD according to severity of CAC and understand their synergistic effect on mortality.

Methods: This was a population-based cohort study.

An annotated haplotype-resolved genome sequence assembly of diploid German chamomile, Matricaria chamomilla.

Matricaria chamomilla L. (chamomile) is a medicinal plant that is widely used for treating skin infections and respiratory ailments. Chamomile belongs to the Asteraceae family of flowering plants and is a primarily outcrossing species with a heterozygous genome.

Loss of TC-PTP in keratinocytes leads to increased UVB-induced autophagy.

Ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation can distort cellular homeostasis and predispose the skin to carcinogenesis. Amongst the deteriorating effects of the sun's UVB radiation on cellular homeostasis is the formation of DNA photoproducts. These photoproducts can cause significant changes in the structure and conformation of DNA, inducing gene mutations which may accumulate to trigger the formation of skin cancer.

The Bhagavad Gita, Psychological Safety, and the Medical Learning Environment: Hitting the Sweet Spot.

The art of medical education is increasingly emphasized in academic medicine as we have begun to appreciate how much potential there is for improvement from traditional paradigms. The medical learning environment poses unique challenges wherein the transmission of information from teacher to student is critical and yet psychological safety is a core principle required for effective learning. Drawing from the Bhagavad Gita, this piece seeks to highlight how Lord Krishna, the teacher, and Arjuna, the learner, depict the idyllic teacher-student relationship, exemplifying the essence of psychological safety.

The dynamic role of ferroptosis in cancer immunoediting: Implications for immunotherapy.

Currently, cancer immunotherapy strategies are primarily formulated based on the patient's present condition, representing a "static" treatment approach. However, cancer progression is inherently "dynamic," as the immune environment is not fixed but undergoes continuous changes. This dynamism is characterized by the ongoing interactions between tumor cells and immune cells, which ultimately lead to alterations in the tumor immune microenvironment.

Band Filling, Electrochemical Reaction, and Re-Entrant Insulating Behavior in Electrolyte-Gated BBL Polymer Semiconductor Films.

Electrochemical doping of the n-type polymer poly(benzimidazobenzophenanthroline) (BBL) in contact with ionic liquids reveals a peak in the drain current () vs gate voltage () behavior, i.e., conductivity versus electron density.

Nonlinear optical detection of the orbital angular momentum of light.

Optical beams carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) have gained significant interest due to their unique properties, enhancing various communication systems and enabling applications such as the characterization of material or molecular chirality. Generating and detecting the OAM of light is thus crucial for numerous applications but poses challenges. This paper proposes a method utilizing stimulated Raman scattering to detect the magnitude of OAM.

Differentiation versus dysfunction: thyroid hormone, deiodinases and retinal photoreceptors.

A growing body of evidence has established that thyroid hormone (triiodothyronine, T3) is a key factor in the differentiation and survival of the light-sensing photoreceptors in the retina. These functions include a critical role in generating the cone photoreceptor diversity that is required for color vision. Here, we review some of these functions of T3 and the critical mechanisms that regulate the T3 signal in the mammalian retina.

Syndesmotic Screw Fixation Versus Suture Button Versus Tibiotalocalcaneal Nail Treatment in Syndesmotic Ankle Fractures: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: Syndesmotic ankle fractures occur when damage to the syndesmosis complex is combined with a malleolar fracture. This can result in severe pain, weakness, and instability. Surgical interventions include syndesmotic screw fixation (SS), suture button fixation (SB), and tibiotalocalcaneal nail (TTC).

A Systematic Approach to Discover New Natural Product Scaffolds Using Database-Derived Relative Mass Spectral Defects and Molecular Networking.

Rapid advances in mass spectrometry (MS) data analysis have accelerated the identification of natural products from complex mixtures such as natural product extracts. However, limitations in MS data in metabolite libraries and dereplication strategies are still lacking for assigning structures to known compounds and searching for unidentified compounds. To overcome these limitations, we present an approach that combines molecular networking with MS database-derived mass defect analysis to preferentially discover new compounds with high structural novelty in the initial stage of a discovery workflow.

Effects of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition Criteria Changes for Schizophrenia on Diagnoses of First-Episode Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders.

Objective: Impact of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) changes on the criteria for schizophrenia (SZ) has been reported to be minimal in previous studies. However, this could be different in first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders (FE-SSDs). We investigated what proportion of patients with FE-SSDs was diagnosed based on the sole presence of bizarre delusions (BDs) or first rank auditory hallucinations (FRAHs).

Brain age mediates gut microbiome dysbiosis-related cognition in older adults.

Background: Recent studies have focused on improving our understanding of gut microbiome dysbiosis and its impact on cognitive function. However, the relationship between gut microbiome composition, accelerated brain atrophy, and cognitive function has not yet been fully explored.

Methods: We recruited 292 participants from South Korean memory clinics to undergo brain magnetic resonance imaging, clinical assessments, and collected stool samples.

Comparison of accumulation rates of beta-amyloid tracers and their relationship with cognitive changes.

We aimed to compare amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation rates between different tracers and investigate whether the relationship between changes in Aβ uptake and cognitive decline varies depending on tracer type. Two cohorts were analyzed: (1) a head-to-head longitudinal cohort using F-Florbetaben (FBB) and F-Flutemetamol (FMM) tracers (n = 13), and (2) separate longitudinal cohorts for each tracer (n = 174 for both FMM and FBB), matched by propensity score. Aβ uptake was measured using regional direct comparison of Centiloid (rdcCL) values.

Magnetically reshapable 3D multi-electrode arrays of liquid metals for electrophysiological analysis of brain organoids.

To comprehend the volumetric neural connectivity of a brain organoid, it is crucial to monitor the spatiotemporal electrophysiological signals within the organoid, known as intra-organoid signals. However, previous methods risked damaging the three-dimensional (3D) cytoarchitecture of organoids, either through sectioning or inserting rigid needle-like electrodes. Also, the limited numbers of electrodes in fixed positions with non-adjustable electrode shapes were insufficient for examining the complex neural activity throughout the organoid.

TEG® 6s-Guided Algorithm for Optimizing Patient Blood Management in Cardiovascular Surgery: Systematic Literature Review and Expert Opinion.

Objectives: To propose a comprehensive TEG 6s-based intraoperative and/or immediately postoperative treatment algorithm for bleeding patients undergoing cardiac surgery. To achieve this, TEG-based treatment algorithms in cardiac surgery were evaluated through a literature review and structured expert opinion.

Design: Systematic literature review.

Commentary: The Balloon and Glue Technique in Acute Type A Aortic Dissection: Considerations for Optimization and Clinical Application.

See Article page 65.

Genome-wide identification of Tegillarca granosa ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter family related to arsenic toxicity.

Arsenic is a widespread environmental contaminant recognized for its high mobility and potential toxicity. Arsenic levels at Suncheon Bay, one of the primary Tegillarca granosa culturation sites in South Korea, were identified as higher than the habitat's threshold effect level (TEL). After 12 and 48 h of arsenic exposure, a total of 939 and 842 DEGs were identified in the gill and mantle, respectively.

Efficacy of portable ultrasonography for early detection of pneumothorax following lung biopsy.

Background: Pneumothorax is a notable complication of lung biopsy, and its early detection is crucial. This study aimed to compare the sensitivities of handheld portable lung ultrasonography and chest radiography for identifying early pneumothorax after lung biopsy.

Methods: Both upright chest radiography and lung ultrasonography were performed 3 and 24 hours after lung biopsy.

Responses guide attention.

Internalizing regularities between motor responses and stimuli is crucial for adaptive functioning. However, the influence of these regularities on attentional selection remains poorly understood. This study explored whether responses, which predict the locations of search targets, direct attention toward these associated locations, a phenomenon termed response-induced attention.

Development of a self-management tool for individuals with seizure clusters: Trial design and methodological report.

Background: Despite advances in anti-seizure medications (ASMs) for people with epilepsy (PWE), adverse outcomes, negative health events (NHEs), and breakthrough seizures remain common. Rescue medication (RM) can better manage repetitive seizures, but barriers to RM use persist. Self-management for PWE and a history of NHEs (SMART) is an evidence-based epilepsy self-management program aimed at reducing barriers and maximizing facilitators to self-care in high-risk PWE.