Correlation between peripheral blood iNKT cell levels and exhaled NO in patients with allergic rhinitis.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the frequency of CD3 + TCRVα24 + iNKT cells, the proportions of iNKT CD4+, iNKT CD8 + and iNKT CD4-CD8- (DN) subgroups in peripheral blood, and nasal exhaled nitric oxide (NO) levels in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR).

Methods: Peripheral blood samples were collected from 40 AR patients and 40 patients with nasal septal deviation (DNS). The frequencies of the iNKT cell subgroups were analyzed, and nasal exhaled NO levels were measured.

EGFR-TKIs or EGFR-TKIs combination treatments for untreated advanced EGFR-mutated NSCLC: a network meta-analysis.

Background: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and EGFR-TKI combination treatments have become the standard first-line treatments for EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. However, the best option has yet to be determined. This study compares the efficacy and safety of various first-line EGFR-TKI monotherapies and combination treatments for advanced EGFR-mutated NSCLC.

Impact of Rural School-Based Health Centers on Asthma Management.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that students with asthma who have access to school-based health centers (SBHCs) receive more recommended preventive care and use less emergency care, we compared patterns of health care utilization among rural students with asthma by SBHC access.

Study Design: Using a cross-sectional design, we analyzed encounters for all patients ages 4 through 19 living in 4 counties covered by a health care system that sponsors a network of SBHCs in rural upstate New York. Patient addresses for each encounter were geocoded to school districts, allowing us to determine whether students lived in districts with (n = 15) or without (n = 23) a SBHC.

New Sulfurated Butyrolactones from the Fungus Penicillium janthinellum.

Deep-sea derived fungi are considered as significant resources to discovery structurally diverse and biologically active natural compounds. In this study, four new sulfurated butyrolactones, penijanthiones A-D (1-4), together with four known analogues (5-8), were isolated from a Mariana Trench-derived fungus Penicillium janthinellum SH0301. Compounds 1-4 were the undescribed examples for natural butyrolactones coupling with a mercaptolactate moiety.

Compare the efficacy of antifungal agents as primary therapy for invasive aspergillosis: a network meta-analysis.

Background: Several antifungal agents are available for primary therapy in patients with invasive aspergillosis (IA). Although a few studies have compared the effectiveness of different antifungal agents in treating IA, there has yet to be a definitive agreement on the best choice. Herein, we perform a network meta-analysis comparing the efficacy of different antifungal agents in IA.

α-Pyrone mediates quorum sensing through the conservon system in Nocardiopsis sp.

Actinobacteria produce a plethora of bioactive secondary metabolites that are often regulated by quorum-sensing signaling molecules via specific binding to their cognate TetR-type receptors. Here, we identified monocyclic α-pyrone as a new class of actinobacterial signaling molecules influencing quorum sensing process in Nocardiopsis sp. LDBS0036, primarily evidenced by a significant reduction in the production of phenazines in the pyrone-null mutant compared to the wild-type strain.

Relationship between autoimmune thyroid antibodies and anti-nuclear antibodies in general patients.

Background: There is no doubt that both Hashimoto thyroiditis and Graves' disease are autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs), but the relationship between anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) and AITDs is poorly studied. The association between thyroid autoantibody levels and ANA positivity was evaluated to assess the role of ANA in AITDs.

Methods: We conducted an analysis using data from 1,149,893 patients registered at our hospital and 53,021 patients registered in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey databases.

Effects of time-restricted eating on intrahepatic fat and metabolic health among patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Objective: The study's objective was to explore whether early time-restricted eating (eTRE) and late time-restricted eating (lTRE) have different impacts on intrahepatic fat and metabolic health among patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Methods: This is an 8-week, randomized, parallel-arm, open-label trial. Forty eligible patients were randomly assigned to eTRE (eating between 8:00 a.

Triple combination of HAIC-FO plus tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The triple combination of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) with fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) plus tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is expected to have a synergistic anticancer effect in HCC. We conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the triple combination treatment in advanced HCC patients.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science databases were systematically searched for relevant studies from the inception of each database to May 10, 2023.

Can accelerated ageing models inform us on age-related tauopathies?

Ageing is the greatest risk factor of late-onset neurodegenerative diseases. In the realm of sporadic tauopathies, modelling the process of biological ageing in experimental animals forms the foundation of searching for the molecular origin of pathogenic tau and developing potential therapeutic interventions. Although prior research into transgenic tau models offers valuable lessons for studying how tau mutations and overexpression can drive tau pathologies, the underlying mechanisms by which ageing leads to abnormal tau accumulation remains poorly understood.

CLINICAL APPLICATION OF RT-PCR IN TUBERCULOSIS DNA DETECTION COMBINED WITH TB-IGRA IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF SPUTUM SMEAR-NEGATIVE PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS.

The aim was to investigate detection of pulmonary alveolar lavage fluid tuberculosis DNA by real-time fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) combined with clinical application of the sputum smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosis with TB interferon-γ release assay (TB-IGRA). From October 2014 to October 2015, 632 outpatients and inpatients treated in our hospital were randomly selected, of which 459 patients as the research group managed with RT-PCR detection combined with TB-IGRA and 173 patients as the control group undergoing electronic bronchoscopy alveolar lavage fluid detection, with detection results statistically evaluated. The positive rate in the research group was 96.

Catalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of 2,3'-Bis(indolyl)methanes Bearing All-Carbon Quaternary Stereocenters via 2-Indole Imine Methides.

An organocatalytic enantioselective formal hydroarylation of 2-vinyl indoles for the preparation of enantioenriched 2,3'-bis(indolyl)methanes bearing an all-carbon quaternary stereocenter is described. This reaction features mild conditions, low catalyst loading, excellent efficiency and enantioselectivity. The obtained products showed promising anticancer activity.

Complete genome sequence of piezotolerant Stutzerimonas kunmingensis 7850S isolated from the sediment of the Mariana Trench.

Stutzerimonas kunmingensis 7850S is a piezotolerant bacterium isolated from the sediment of the Mariana trench. Here, we described the complete genome of strain 7850S, which contains a single circular chromosome of 4,775,870 base pairs with 62.66% G + C content, and harbors 4494 protein-coding genes, 65 transfer RNA genes, and 12 ribosomal RNA genes.

Microbial diversity and biogeochemical cycling potential in deep-sea sediments associated with seamount, trench, and cold seep ecosystems.

Due to their extreme water depths and unique physicochemical conditions, deep-sea ecosystems develop uncommon microbial communities, which play a vital role in biogeochemical cycling. However, the differences in the compositions and functions of the microbial communities among these different geographic structures, such as seamounts (SM), marine trenches (MT), and cold seeps (CS), are still not fully understood. In the present study, sediments were collected from SM, MT, and CS in the Southwest Pacific Ocean, and the compositions and functions of the microbial communities were investigated by using amplicon sequencing combined with in-depth metagenomics.

Recent Advances in Silica-Nanomaterial-Assisted Lateral Flow Assay.

Lateral flow assays (LFAs) have attracted much attention as rapid and affordable point-of-care devices for medical diagnostics. The global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has further highlighted the importance of LFAs. Many efforts have been made to enhance the sensitivity of LFAs.

Composition and Ecological Roles of the Core Microbiome along the Abyssal-Hadal Transition Zone Sediments of the Mariana Trench.

The unique geological features of hadal trenches are known to influence both the structure and ecological function of microbial communities. It is also well known that heterotrophs and chemoautotrophs dominate the hadal and abyssal pelagic zones, respectively. Here, a metagenomic investigation was conducted on sediment samples obtained from the abyssal-hadal transition zone in the Mariana Trench to gain a better understanding of the general diversity and potential function of the core microbiome in this zone.

Is the future of peer review automated?

The rising rate of preprints and publications, combined with persistent inadequate reporting practices and problems with study design and execution, have strained the traditional peer review system. Automated screening tools could potentially enhance peer review by helping authors, journal editors, and reviewers to identify beneficial practices and common problems in preprints or submitted manuscripts. Tools can screen many papers quickly, and may be particularly helpful in assessing compliance with journal policies and with straightforward items in reporting guidelines.

Catalytic Asymmetric Allylic Substitution/Isomerization with Central Chirality Transposition.

We have developed a catalytic asymmetric allylic substitution/isomerization process with central chirality transposition. This process takes advantage of the ambident reactivity of the 2-indole imine methide generated from racemic tertiary indolylmethanols. The use of a suitable chiral phosphoric acid catalyst and an -directing group allowed regioselective formation a C-C bond at the 3 position but enantiocontrolled construction of a stereogenic center at the 2-benzylic position.

Prion-like strain effects in tauopathies.

Tau is a microtubule-associated protein that plays crucial roles in physiology and pathophysiology. In the realm of dementia, tau protein misfolding is associated with a wide spectrum of clinicopathologically diverse neurodegenerative diseases, collectively known as tauopathies. As proposed by the tau strain hypothesis, the intrinsic heterogeneity of tauopathies may be explained by the existence of structurally distinct tau conformers, "strains".

Nonlinear dynamics of membrane skeleton in osteocyte.

Osteocytes play an important role in mechanosensation and conduction in bone tissue, and the change of mechanical environment can affect the sensitivity of osteocytes to external stimulation. The structure of osteocytes will be changed when they are subjected to vibrations, which influence the mechanosensitivity of osteocytes and alter the regulation of bone remodeling process. As an important mechanotransduction structure in osteocytes, the membrane skeleton greatly affects the mechanosensation and conduction of osteocytes.

Distinct populations of highly potent TAU seed conformers in rapidly progressing Alzheimer's disease.

Although genetic factors play a main role in determining the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD), they do not explain extensive spectrum of clinicopathological phenotypes. Deposits of aggregated TAU proteins are one of the main predictors of cognitive decline in AD. We investigated the hypothesis that variabilities in AD progression could be due to diverse structural assemblies (strains) of TAU protein.

Catalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of 2,3-Dihydrobenzo[]oxepines via Asymmetric Oxetane Opening by Internal Carbon Nucleophiles.

An intramolecular C-C formation process based on catalytic asymmetric oxetane opening by carbon nucleophiles has been developed, which provides rapid access to a range of valuable enantioenriched 2,3-dihydrobenzo[]oxepines. With the combination of Sc(OTf) and a Box ligand, good chemical efficiency and enantioselectivity were achieved under mild conditions. The products are also useful precursors to other valuable structures, such as the bicyclo[3.

Graphical integrity issues in open access publications: Detection and patterns of proportional ink violations.

Academic graphs are essential for communicating complex scientific ideas and results. To ensure that these graphs truthfully reflect underlying data and relationships, visualization researchers have proposed several principles to guide the graph creation process. However, the extent of violations of these principles in academic publications is unknown.