3D Femtosecond Laser Beam Deflection for High-Precision Fabrication and Modulation of Individual Voxelated PCM Meta-Atoms.

Optical metasurfaces have found widespread applications in the field of optoelectronic devices. However, achieving dynamic and flexible control over metasurface functionalities, while also developing simplified fabrication methods for metasurfaces, continues to pose a significant challenge. Here, the study introduces a PCM-only metasurface that exclusively consists of voxel units crafted from different phases of phase-change materials.

Tetrahydroberberrubine improves hyperlipidemia by activating the AMPK/SREBP2/PCSK9/LDL receptor signaling pathway.

Hyperlipidemia is a major risk factor for hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes and stroke, triggering an intensified research efforts into its prevention and treatment. Tetrahydroberberrubine (THBru) is a derivative of berberine (BBR) that has been shown to have higher bioavailability and lower toxicity compared to its parent compound. However, its impact on hyperlipidemia has not been fully explored.

Design and synthesis of novel structures with anti-tumor effects: Targeting telomere G-quadruplex and hTERT.

The telomeric G-quadruplex (G4) along with the telomerase catalytic subunit hTERT are crucial in the extension of telomeres. Tumor cells can establish replicative immortality by activating the telomere-maintenance mechanism (TMM).Small molecule ligands can limit cancer telomere lengthening by by targeting at G4 and hTERT.

Metasurface with all-optical tunability for spatially-resolved and multilevel thermal radiation.

Manipulating the thermal emission in the infrared (IR) range significantly impacts both fundamental scientific research and various technological applications, including IR thermal camouflage, information encryption, and radiative cooling. While prior research has put forth numerous materials and structures for these objectives, the significant challenge lies in attaining spatially resolved and dynamically multilevel control over their thermal emissions. In this study, a one-step ultrafast laser writing technique is experimentally demonstrated to achieve position-selective control over thermal emission based on the phase-change material GeSbTe (GST).

Semaglutide promotes the transition of microglia from M1 to M2 type to reduce brain inflammation in APP/PS1/tau mice.

A growing number of studies show that the diabetes drug Semaglutide is neuroprotective in Alzheimer's disease (AD) animal models, but its mode of action is not fully understood. In order to explore the mechanism of Semaglutide, 7-month-old APP/PS1/tau transgenic (3xTg) mice and wild-type (WT) mice were randomly divided into four groups: control group (WT + PBS), AD model group (3xTg + PBS), Semaglutide control group (WT + Semaglutide) and Semaglutide treatment group (3xTg + Semaglutide). Semaglutide (25 nmol/kg) or PBS was administered intraperitoneally once every two days for 30 days, followed by behavioral and molecular experiments.

[Determination of multiple restricted and prohibited ingredients in hair dyes using a novel 3D stationary phase coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry].

Hair dyes (HDs) are mainly composed of various benzene series, amines, and phenolic compounds. These ingredients are well known to have allergenic, teratogenic, and carcinogenic properties. As such, the presence of these ingredients in HDs has received increased attention in recent years.

Controllable Fabrication of Hydrophilic Surface Micro/Nanostructures of CFRP by Femtosecond Laser.

Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP), a highly engineered lightweight material with superior properties, is widely used in industrial fields, such as aerospace, automobile, and railway transportation, as well as medical implants and supercapacitor. This work presents an effective surface treatment method for the controllable fabrication of hydrophilic surface micro/nanostructures of CFRP through femtosecond laser processing. Selective removal of the epoxy resin and leaving the carbon fibers exposed are achieved when CFRP is weakly ablated by a femtosecond laser.

The study on synthesis and vitro hypolipidemic activity of novel berberine derivatives nitric oxide donors.

Berberine was used as the lead compound in the present study to design and synthesize novel berberine derivatives by splicing bromine bridges of different berberine carbon chain lengths coupled nitric oxide donors, and their lipid lowering activities were assessed in a variety of ways. This experiment synthesized 17 new berberine nitric oxide donor derivatives. Compared with berberine hydrochloride, most of the compounds exhibited certain glycerate inhibitory activity, and compounds 6a, 6b, 6d, 12b and 12d showed higher inhibitory activity than berberine, with 6a, 6b and 6d having significant inhibitory activity.

EEBR induces Caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis through the NF-κB/NLRP3 signalling cascade in non-small cell lung cancer.

Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Recent studies have identified pyroptosis, a type of programmed cell death, as a critical process in the development and progression of lung cancer. In this study, we investigated the effect of EEBR, a new compound synthesized by our team, on pyroptosis in non-small cell lung cancer cells (NSCLC) and the underlying molecular mechanisms.

[Determination of 15 preservative allergens in cosmetics by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry].

Most preservatives are irritating and can easily induce skin sensitivities. Therefore, both domestic and international regulations impose clear restrictions on the use of preservatives in cosmetics. Herein, gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) was employed to simultaneously analyze the levels of 15 preservative allergens in cosmetics.

Active Property-Structure Integrated Reconfiguration of Individual Resonant Nanoparticles.

Property-structure reconfigurable nanoparticles (NPs) provide additional flexibility for effectively and flexibly manipulating light at the nanoscale. This has facilitated the development of various multifunctional and high-performance nanophotonic devices. Resonant NPs based on dielectric active materials, especially phase change materials, are particularly promising for achieving reconfigurability.

A turn-on fluorescent probe for detecting and bioimaging of HOCl in inflammatory and liver disease models.

Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is a common reactive oxygen species (ROS) associated with the development of liver, tumor, inflammatory, and other diseases. In this work, the turn-on fluorescent probe named (WZ-HOCl) with a naphthalimide structure was designed and synthesized to detect endogenous HOCl in disease models. WZ-HOCl can achieve a fast response to HOCl with good linearity in the range of 0-45 μM (LOD = 147 nM).

A Lipid Droplet-Specific NIR Fluorescent Probe with a Large Stokes Shift for In Vivo Visualization of Polarity in Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury.

The research on lipid droplets (LDs) has attracted great attention in the field of biomedical science in recent years. LD malfunction is found to be associated with the development of acute kidney injury (AKI). To monitor this biological process and explain related pathological behavior, the development of excellent LD fluorescent probes with a polarity-sensitive character would provide a desirable strategy.

Tetrahydroberberrubine prevents peritoneal adhesion by suppressing inflammation and extracellular matrix accumulation.

Peritoneal adhesion is a common abdominal surgical complication that induces abdominal haemorrhage, intestinal obstruction, infertility, and so forth. The high morbidity and recurrence rate of this disease indicate the need for novel therapeutic approaches. Here, we revealed the protective roles of tetrahydroberberrubine (THBru), a novel derivative of berberine (BBR), in preventing peritoneal adhesion and identified its underlying mechanism in vivo and in vitro.

Leakage Dynamics of Glass Bottles on Container Closure Integrity Testing: Influence of Different Laser-Drilled Microhole Geometries.

Container closure integrity testing (CCIT) is a critical step in ensuring package integrity and providing feedback on package designs. In practical applications, CCIT methods, namely physical and probabilistic methods, must be appropriately selected and validated to ensure their suitability for the intended use. However, the industry still lacks practical recommendations regarding the choice of CCIT methods and artificial leaks to set the acceptance criteria.

Ultrafast Temporal-Spatial Dynamics of Phase Transition in N-Doped GeSbTe Film Induced by Femtosecond Laser Pulse Irradiation.

Element-doped phase change material (PCM) could improve the performances, e.g., better thermal stability, higher electrical resistance, and faster crystallization speed; thus, the influence of the doping element needs to be further investigated.

Ultrafast Dynamics of Different Phase States GeSbTe Film Induced by a Femtosecond Laser Pulse Irradiation.

A femtosecond laser could realize a high transition rate of the phase change material (PCM), and the properties of the amorphous and the crystalline GeSbTe (GST) induced by a femtosecond laser were studied, which was one of the candidates among the PCMs. However, the characteristics of the intermediate phase states in reversible phase transitions were also important and helpful to explore the mechanisms of the phase transitions. In this paper, the ultrafast dynamics of amorphous, crystalline face-centered-cubic (FCC), and hexagonal-close-packed (HCP) states were investigated using a femtosecond laser pulse excitation through a reflective-type pump-probe technique, obtained by annealing at certain temperatures, and verified using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the Raman spectrum.

Tetrahydroberberrubine retards heart aging in mice by promoting PHB2-mediated mitophagy.

Heart aging is characterized by left ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction, which in turn induces a variety of cardiovascular diseases. There is still no therapeutic drug to ameliorate cardiac abnormities in heart aging. In this study we investigated the protective effects of berberine (BBR) and its derivative tetrahydroberberrubine (THBru) against heart aging process.

Ultrafast laser-induced integrated property-structure modulation of GeSbTe for multifunction and multilevel rewritable optical recording.

In this paper, we report an approach for tuning the surface morphology and phase of GeSbTe (GST) by using an ultrafast laser in a one-step process. Four surface micro/nanostructures with specific phase states were sequentially formed by changing the pulse energy: the modified ripple structure, the completely crystallized structure, the ablated nanodots, and the ablated ripple structure. A high correlation existed between the surface micro/nanostructures and their property.

Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 gene (PVT1) modulates the proliferation and apoptosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells by sponging miR-486-5p.

Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 gene (PVT1) is related to the progress of various cancers. Here, we illuminated the role of PVT1 in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cell proliferation and apoptosis. PVT1 was upregulated in plasma samples from patients with ALL and ALL cell lines.

Kanglexin delays heart aging by promoting mitophagy.

Heart aging is characterized by structural and diastolic dysfunction of the heart. However, there is still no effective drug to prevent and treat the abnormal changes in cardiac function caused by aging. Here, we present the preventive effects of emodin and its derivative Kanglexin (KLX) against heart aging.

A Review of the Synthesis of Nitric Oxide Donor and Donor Derivatives with Pharmacological Activities.

Endogenous nitric oxide (NO) is an important effector molecule and signal transduction molecule, which participates in the regulation of multiple functions in organisms, involving various a variety of physiological and pathological processes, especially playing a very important role in the cardiovascular, immune, and nervous systems. NO is a gaseous substance with a short half-life in the body and is unstable in aqueous solutions. Therefore, many researchers focus on the release and activity of NO donors and their derivatives.

Kanglexin protects against cardiac fibrosis and dysfunction in mice by TGF-β1/ERK1/2 noncanonical pathway.

Cardiac fibrosis is a common pathological manifestation accompanied by various heart diseases, and antifibrotic therapy is an effective strategy to prevent diverse pathological processes of the cardiovascular system. We currently report the pharmacological evaluation of a novel anthraquinone compound (1,8-dihydroxy-6-methyl-9,10-anthraquinone-3-oxy ethyl succinate) named Kanglexin (KLX), as a potent cardioprotective agent with antifibrosis activity. Our results demonstrated that the administration of KLX by intragastric gavage alleviated cardiac dysfunction, hypertrophy, and fibrosis induced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) surgical operation.