Enhancing CD4+/CD8+ T cell ratio and accelerating recovery in HNSCC patients through immunonutrition intervention.

Objective: Malnutrition is a common issue in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), leading to compromised immune function and diminished treatment efficacy. This is particularly concerning for therapies targeting the PD-1 pathway, which are pivotal in cancer treatment. The aim of this retrospective study was to explore the potential benefits of immunonutrition in improving immune responses and clinical outcomes for these patients.

Stereolithography 3D printing gyroid triply periodic minimal surface vitrified bond diamond grinding wheel.

The pores of vitrified bond diamond grinding wheel play a key role in the grinding process. However, uneven pore distribution and low porosity affect the grinding performance of the wheel significantly. Stereolithography based additive manufacturing provides an effective method to fabricate vitrified bond diamond grinding wheels with a uniform distribution and an interconnected pore structure.

Flexible generation of OAM mode reconfigurable beams and spinning OAM beams based on active induced magnetism Huygens' metasurface.

Orbital angular momentum (OAM) beams have demonstrated significant potential in the fields of communication, imaging and quantum information science. In particular, active OAM metasurfaces enable flexible and on-demand control of OAM beams without altering their structures, significantly enriching the applications of OAM beams. However, due to the limitations of electrode wiring and unit structure efficiency, most existing active metasurface designs are reflective, hindering the further development of this field.

Magnetic field and photon co-enhanced S-scheme MXene/InS/CoFeO heterojunction for high-performance lithium-oxygen batteries.

Under the spotlight for their potential to reduce over-potential, photo-assisted Li-O batteries still face a key challenge: the rapid recombination of photo-generated electron-hole pairs, which limits their efficiency. In this study, we address this limitation by designing a Li-O battery that integrates both photo and magnetic field assistance, using an S-scheme MXene/InS/CoFeO heterojunction photocathode. This unique combination enhances visible light absorption and generates a strong built-in electric field, facilitating effective charge separation and boosting photocatalytic activity.

Efficient Small Object Detection You Only Look Once: A Small Object Detection Algorithm for Aerial Images.

Aerial images have distinct characteristics, such as varying target scales, complex backgrounds, severe occlusion, small targets, and dense distribution. As a result, object detection in aerial images faces challenges like difficulty in extracting small target information and poor integration of spatial and semantic data. Moreover, existing object detection algorithms have a large number of parameters, posing a challenge for deployment on drones with limited hardware resources.

Intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics of MRIs predicts pathologic complete response to neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: For patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), combined programmed death receptor-1 inhibitor and chemotherapy improved response rate to neoadjuvant therapy. However, treatment response varies among patients. There is no tool to predict pathologic complete response (pCR) with high accuracy for now.

Study on the preparation of stabilizer-free silymarin nanocrystals and its oral absorption mechanisms.

Many researchers have studied the oral absorption mechanisms yet, however, considering stabilizers often participate in the absorption process of nanocrystals, these known mechanisms may be incorrect. Hence in this study, we aimed to explore the correct absorption mechanism of nanocrystals by performing related studies on stabilizer-free nanocrystals. We firstly prepared stabilizer-free silymarin nanocrystals by high-pressure homogenization, and then performed absorption-related studies, such as solubility, dissolution rate, pharmacokinetic study, cellular uptake and intracellular transport.

Drug loaded marine polysaccharides-based hydrogel dressings for treating skin burns.

Marine polysaccharide-based biomaterials possess a range of excellent functions and properties, such as antiviral, antioxidant, immune regulation, and promoting cell migration, and are widely used in modern medicine. In this study, a marine polysaccharide-based composite hydrogel was synthesized using carboxymethyl chitosan and oxidized fucoidan as matrix, and loads therapeutic drugs for the treatment of burn wounds infected with bacteria. The composite hydrogels can slowly release drugs at the wound site, providing a long-lasting therapeutic effect including antibacterial, antioxidant, and analgesic, in this way to facilitate the restoring of infected burn wounds by inhibiting bacterial infections, promoting cell migration, facilitating collagen regeneration, and restoring the abnormal alteration of factors such as IL-1β and CD86.

Cross-omics strategies and personalised options for lung cancer immunotherapy.

Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumours worldwide and its high mortality rate makes it a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. To address this daunting challenge, we need a comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis and progression of lung cancer in order to adopt more effective therapeutic strategies. In this regard, integrating multi-omics data of the lung provides a highly promising avenue.

HER2 expression in upper tract urothelial carcinoma and the relationship with clinicopathological characteristics-an analysis of 155 patients in Southwest China.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the expression of HER2 in patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) in Southwest China by using a relatively large cohort, and to determine the relationship between HER2 expression and clinicopathological characters.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively enrolled the clinical data of 155 UTUC patients who have undergone radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) from March 2019 to September 2022. HER2 expression was assessed using immunohistochemistry and scored according to the HercepTest (Scores of 0 or 1 + were considered as negative and 2 + or 3 + as positive).

Etamsylate-loaded hydrogel composed of carboxymethyl chitosan and oxidized tannic acid for improved wound healing.

Proper wound dressing is essential to facilitate skin wound healing, stop bleeding, and prevent infections. Herein, carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) was crosslinked with oxidized tannic acid (OTA) to form an adhesive and self-healing OTA/CMC hydrogel, and etamsylate was loaded to enhance the hemostatic effect of the hydrogel dressing. The resultant OTA/CMC/E hydrogel exhibited a spectrum of noteworthy attributes including excellent cell compatibility, high antioxidant activity, effective anti-bacterium, and excellent hemorrhage control.

Network analysis retrieving bioactive compounds from Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) and their targets related to systemic lupus erythematosus.

Immunosuppressive drugs are essential for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) treatment, but there are concerns about their toxicity. In this study, Arthrospira platensis was used as a resource for screening of the SLE-related bioactive compounds. To discover the potential compounds, a total of 833 compounds of A.

Telemedicine-medical "snack community"-PHS ecosystem: Insights into the double-edged sword role of telemedicine in clinical practice and medical education during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond.

Telemedicine has gained tremendous development during the COVID-19 pandemic. With deblocking and opening, telemedicine accelerates the evolvution of the medical "snack community" and undermines the perception of medical students and staff, which promotes the incidence of psychosocial-related disorders. Moreover, the inconsistent telemedicine adaptability between medical workers and patients aggravates the doctor-patient conflict due to the aging population and COVID-19 squeal.

ARNTL2 facilitates bladder cancer progression through potentiating ENO1-mediated glycolysis in a SLC31A1-independent and -dependent manner.

Background: Basic helix-loop-helix ARNT like 2 (ARNTL2) is a transcription factor that controls the circadian rhythm. Amounts of studies have demonstrated the carcinogenic function of ARNTL2 in human malignant tumors albeit the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. We aimed to study the significance of ARNTL2 in bladder cancer (BLCA).

[Endoscopic assisted parathyroid surgery via a subclavian approach].

To explore the safety and efficacy of airless endoscopic surgery in the treatment of parathyroid diseases. By retrospective comparison, clinical treatment of 26 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism admitted to the Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery of the Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University from January 2018 to January 2023 were collected. They were divided into traditional group（13 cases） and endoscopic group（13 cases） according to the surgical method.

Four years of climate warming reduced dark carbon fixation in coastal wetlands.

Dark carbon fixation (DCF), conducted mainly by chemoautotrophs, contributes greatly to primary production and the global carbon budget. Understanding the response of DCF process to climate warming in coastal wetlands is of great significance for model optimization and climate change prediction. Here, based on a 4-yr field warming experiment (average annual temperature increase of 1.

Semiconductor laser systems excited by multiplicative Ornstein-Uhlenbeck noise and additive sine-Wiener noise in relation to real and imaginary parts.

In this paper we study a semiconductor laser system excited by multiplicative Ornstein-Uhlenbeck (OU) noise and additive sine-Wiener (SW) noise with a related real part and imaginary part. The two-dimensional Langevin equation (LE) with cross-correlating complex OU noise and complex SW noise is equivalent to the six-dimensional LE. Based on functional methods and spatial dimension extension methods, the six-dimensional Fokker-Planck equation (FPE) is achieved.

Inhibition of KIF20A enhances the immunotherapeutic effect of hepatocellular carcinoma by enhancing c-Myc ubiquitination.

Immune therapy has significantly improved the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, yet its efficacy remains limited, underscoring the urgency to identify new therapeutic targets and biomarkers. Here, we investigated the pathological and physiological roles of KIF20A and assess its potential in enhancing HCC treatment efficacy when combined with PD-1 inhibitors. We initially assess KIF20A's oncogenic function using liver-specific KIF20A knockout (Kif20a CKO) mouse models and orthotopic xenografts.

IgG4-related disease with nasopharyngeal malignancy-like manifestations.

Background: IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) was characterized by single or multiple masses in organs, which may mimic various inflammatory and malignant diseases. Here, we summarize 4 patients with aggressive manifestations of IgG4-RD that mimic nasopharynx cancer to provide some new sights for the diagnosis of IgG4-RD.

Case Summary: Four patients were included in our series.

Finotonlimab with chemotherapy in recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancer: a randomized phase 3 trial.

Immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy regimen has been shown to be effective in recurrent or metastatic (R/M) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, due to the small number of patients, its efficacy remains controversial in Asian populations, particularly in mainland China. Here a randomized, double-blind phase 3 trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of finotonlimab (SCT-I10A), a programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibody, combined with cisplatin plus 5-fluorouracil (C5F) for the first-line treatment of R/M HNSCC.