Improvement of heart rate variability after metabolic bariatric surgery in Korean subjects with obesity.

Introduction: Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a chronic complication of diabetes. As obesity is a major risk factor for CAN, we hypothesized that metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS) could improve CAN indices in Korean patients with obesity.

Materials And Methods: Patients who underwent bariatric surgery between February 2020 and June 2022 were prospectively recruited.

Impact of Diabetes on COVID-19 Susceptibility: A Nationwide Propensity Score Matching Study.

Prior research has highlighted poor clinical outcomes in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-infected patients with diabetes; however, susceptibility to COVID-19 infection in patients with diabetes has not been extensively studied. Participants aged ≥30 years who underwent COVID-19 testing from December 2019 to April 2020 were analyzed using the National Health Insurance Service data in South Korea. In a cohort comprising 29,433 1:1 propensity score-matched participants, COVID-19 positivity was significantly higher in participants with diabetes than in those without diabetes (512 [3.

Ketonuria as an Indicator of Improvement of Renal Function in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Receiving SGLT2 Inhibitor Treatment.

We investigated the potential association between ketonuria during treatment with sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and its renoprotective effect in patients with type 2 diabetes. We included 192 patients who had received SGLT2 inhibitors for more than 6 months. After propensity score matching, 52 patients each were allocated into groups with or without ketonuria, respectively.

Impact of Antidiabetic Drugs on Clinical Outcomes of COVID-19: A Nationwide Population-Based Study.

Backgruound: Inconsistent results have been reported regarding the association between the use of antidiabetic drugs and the clinical outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aimed to investigate the effect of antidiabetic drugs on COVID-19 outcomes in patients with diabetes using data from the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) in South Korea.

Methods: We analyzed the NHIS data of patients aged ≥20 years who tested positive for COVID-19 and were taking antidiabetic drugs between December 2019 and June 2020.

Pharmacological and Nonpharmacological Treatments for Painful Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy.

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is one of the most prevalent chronic complications of diabetes. The lifetime prevalence of DPN is thought to be >50%, and 15%-25% of patients with diabetes experience neuropathic pain, referred to as "painful DPN." Appropriate treatment of painful DPN is important because this pain contributes to a poor quality of life by causing sleep disturbance, anxiety, and depression.

Serum steroid profile captures metabolic phenotypes in adults with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Objectives: Adult patients with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency have an increased risk of metabolic diseases. We aimed to investigate whether liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based serum steroid profiling reveals metabolic phenotypes in adults with classic CAH.

Design And Methods: This study prospectively enrolled 63 adult patients with CAH and 38 healthy volunteers.

Serum copeptin levels at day two after pituitary surgery and ratio to baseline predict postoperative central diabetes insipidus.

Purpose: Central diabetes insipidus is a complication that may occur after pituitary surgery and has been difficult to predict. This study aimed to identify the cutoff levels of serum copeptin and its optimal timing for predicting the occurrence of central diabetes insipidus in patients who underwent transsphenoidal surgery.

Methods: This was a prospective observational study of patients who underwent transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary gland or stalk lesions.

A Novel Missense PRKAR1A Variant Causes Carney Complex.

The Carney complex (CNC) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by endocrine and nonendocrine tumors. Loss-of-function variants of protein kinase A regulatory subunit 1 alpha (PRKAR1A) are common causes of CNC. Here, we present the case of a patient with CNC with a novel PRKAR1A missense variant.

Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Risk of Fractures and Falls According to Dosage and Interval: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: Although recent studies comparing various dosages and intervals of vitamin D supplementation have been published, it is yet to be elucidated whether there is an appropriate dose or interval to provide benefit regarding fracture risk. We aimed to assess the published evidence available to date regarding the putative beneficial effects of vitamin D supplements on fractures and falls according to various dosages and intervals.

Methods: We performed a meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies reporting associations between vitamin D supplementation and the risks of fractures and falls in PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane library.

Diabetes Mellitus Predicts Weight Gain After Surgery in Patients With Acromegaly.

Objective: Metabolic complications are common in patients with acromegaly. However, this occasionally does not improve post-surgery and may be related to postoperative weight gain. We aimed to investigate the postoperative weight change and factors associated with postoperative weight gain in patients with acromegaly.

Association of androgen excess and bone mineral density in women with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia with 21-hydroxylase deficiency.

Unlabelled: The relationship between androgen excess and bone health in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) with 21-hydroxylase (21-OH) deficiency is not fully understood. This study demonstrated positive correlations between androgen hormones and bone mineral density (BMD) in CAH women with 21-OH deficiency.

Purpose: This study aims to assess BMD and its association with androgen excess in women with CAH.

Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy in Undiagnosed Diabetic Patients: A Nationwide Population-Based Study.

Background: We investigated the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with undiagnosed diabetes through a nationwide survey, compared to those with known diabetes.

Methods: Among the participants of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES) from 2017 to 2018, individuals aged ≥40 years with diabetes and fundus exam results were enrolled. Sampling weights were applied to represent the entire Korean population.

Adrenal Morphology as an Indicator of Long-Term Disease Control in Adults with Classic 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency.

Background: Monitoring adults with classical 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21OHD) is challenging due to variation in clinical and laboratory settings. Moreover, guidelines for adrenal imaging in 21OHD are not yet available. We evaluated the relationship between adrenal morphology and disease control status in classical 21OHD.

Identification of FOXG1 mutations in infantile hypotonia and postnatal microcephaly.

FOXG1, located at chromosome 14q12, is critical for brain development, and patients with FOXG1 mutation exhibit developmental encephalopathy with high phenotypic variability, known as FOXG1 syndrome. Here, we report 3 cases of FOXG1 syndrome that presented with infantile hypotonia and microcephaly.A total of 145 children with developmental delay and/or hypotonia were evaluated by whole-exome sequencing (WES) in the pediatric neurology clinic and medical genetics center at Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, from 2017 to 2019.

Long-Term Health Outcomes of Korean Adults With Classic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Due to 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency.

There is a lack of studies regarding the long-term outcomes of Asian adults with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency. We hypothesized that adults with CAH are at higher metabolic risk than their age-, and sex-matched controls. We further investigated the long-term health outcome-related factors in adults with CAH.

A beneficial role of computer-aided diagnosis system for less experienced physicians in the diagnosis of thyroid nodule on ultrasound.

Ultrasonography (US) is the primary diagnostic tool for thyroid nodules, while the accuracy is operator-dependent. It is widely used not only by radiologists but also by physicians with different levels of experience. The aim of this study was to investigate whether US with computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) has assisting roles to physicians in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules.

Lipid Profiles in Primary Aldosteronism Compared with Essential Hypertension: Propensity-Score Matching Study.

Background: There has been controversy regarding the association between primary aldosteronism (PA) and dyslipidemia and few studies considered the effects of diabetes and renal function on lipid metabolism. We analyzed lipid profiles of PA patients and compared them to propensity-score (PS)-matched essential hypertension (EH) patients adjusting for glycemic status and renal function.

Methods: Patients who were diagnosed with PA using a saline-infusion test at Seoul National University Hospital from 2000 to 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.

Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomic Discovery of Prognostic Biomarkers in Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma.

Adrenal cortical carcinoma (ACC) is an extremely rare disease with a variable prognosis. Current prognostic markers have limitations in identifying patients with a poor prognosis. Herein, we aimed to investigate the prognostic protein biomarkers of ACC using mass-spectrometry-based proteomics.

Low fasting glucose-to-estimated average glucose ratio was associated with superior response to insulin degludec/aspart compared with basal insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Aims/introduction: The benefits of once-daily insulin degludec/aspart (IDegAsp) compared with basal insulin in type 2 diabetes patients have not been established.

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective observational study. From a basal insulin cohort from three referral hospitals, patients were enrolled who initiated once-daily IDegAsp.

Over 10-Year Outcomes of Infantile-Onset Epilepsies.

Unlabelled: Seizures in infancy have highly variable courses and underlying etiologies. However, there are only a few long-term follow-up studies regarding infantile-onset epilepsy. Therefore, we aimed to describe the clinical courses, seizure outcomes, and risk factors of infantile-onset epilepsy followed up for more than 10 years in a tertiary center.

The Early Response to Dietary Therapy can Predict the Late Outcome in Children with Intractable Epilepsy.

Background And Purpose: Dietary therapy (DT), including the ketogenic diet (KD), is one of the nonpharmacological treatment options for patient with drug-resistant epilepsy. However, maintaining DT in patients without seizure reduction is very difficult, so it is critical for clinicians to decide when to stop this intervention.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed early clinical and laboratory findings and the clinical characteristics of children who received DT.

Clinical Application of Whole Exome Sequencing to Identify Rare but Remediable Neurologic Disorders.

Background: The aim of this study was to describe the application of whole exome sequencing (WES) in the accurate genetic diagnosis and personalized treatment of extremely rare neurogenetic disorders.

Methods: From 2017 to 2019, children with neurodevelopmental symptoms were evaluated using WES in the pediatric neurology clinic and medical genetics center. The clinical presentation, laboratory findings including the genetic results from WES, and diagnosis-based treatment and outcomes of the four patients are discussed.