Urinary exosomal microRNA-145-5p and microRNA-27a-3p act as noninvasive diagnostic biomarkers for diabetic kidney disease.

Background: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), characterized by increased urinary microalbumin levels and decreased renal function, is the primary cause of end-stage renal disease. Its pathological mechanisms are complicated and multifactorial; Therefore, sensitive and specific biomarkers are needed. Urinary exosome originate from diverse renal cells in nephron segments and partially mirror the pathological changes in the kidney.

Application of a recombinant novel trypsin from Trichinella spiralis for serodiagnosis of trichinellosis.

Background: The excretory/secretory (ES) antigen of Trichinella spiralis muscle larvae (ML) is currently the most widely used diagnostic antigen to detect T. spiralis infection. However, this antigen has certain drawbacks, such as a complicated ES antigen preparation process and lower sensitivity during the early phase of infection.

A novel trypsin of Trichinella spiralis mediates larval invasion of gut epithelium via binding to PAR2 and activating ERK1/2 pathway.

Background: Proteases secreted by Trichinella spiralis intestinal infective larvae (IIL) play an important role in larval invasion and pathogenesis. However, the mechanism through which proteases mediate larval invasion of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) remains unclear. A novel T.

Trichinella spiralis galectin binding to toll-like receptor 4 induces intestinal inflammation and mediates larval invasion of gut mucosa.

Previous studies showed that Trichinella spiralis galectin (Tsgal) facilitates larval invasion of intestinal epithelium cells (IECs). However, IEC proteins binding with Tsgal were not identified, and the mechanism by which Tsgal promotes larval invasion is not clear. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are protein receptors responsible for recognition of pathogens.

The protective immunity induced by Trichinella spiralis galectin against larval challenge and the potential of galactomannan as a novel adjuvant.

Previous studies showed that recombinant Trichinella spiralis galectin (rTsgal) promoted larval invasion of gut epithelial cells, while anti-rTsgal antibodies inhibited the invasion. Galactomannan (GM) is a polysaccharide capable of regulating immune response. The aim of this study was to evaluate protective immunity induced by rTsgal immunization and the potential of GM as a novel adjuvant.

Oral vaccination of mice with attenuated Salmonella encoding Trichinella spiralis calreticulin and serine protease 1.1 confers protective immunity in BALB/c mice.

Background: Trichinella spiralis is a foodborne parasitic nematode which is a serious risk to meat safety. Development of anti-Trichinella vaccine is needed to control Trichinella infection in food animals. In this study, two novel T.

Palladium-Catalyzed Transient Chirality Transfer and Atroposelective C-H Functionalization to Access Quaternary Stereocenters.

Although palladium-catalyzed asymmetric C-H functionalization and Heck reactions represents one of the most important synthetic strategies for the construction of quaternary stereocenters, developing the enantioselective version of Pd -catalyzed carbopalladation-initiated cascade reactions still remains a formidable challenge. Herein, an unprecedent enantioselective [3+2] annulation of oxime ethers and alkynes has been developed, providing both spiro and nonspiro indenes bearing all-carbon quaternary stereocenters in good yields (up to 98 %) with excellent enantioselectivities (up to >99 % ee). This annulation is accomplished by merging the Pd -catalyzed atroposelective C-H activation/double carbopalladation and the transient axial-to-central chirality transfer process, constituting the first successful example of catalytic chirality transfer strategy involving axially chiral styrene intermediate.

Characterization of a novel aminopeptidase P from Trichinella spiralis and its participation in the intrusion of intestinal epithelial cells.

Aminopeptidases P are metalloproteases belonging to the M24 peptidase family. It specifically hydrolyzes the N-terminus of polypeptides free of acidic amino acids, and plays an important role in the nutrition, metabolism and growth of parasites. The aim of this study was to characterize a novel Trichinella spiralis aminopeptidase P (TsAPP) and to investigate its functions in the invasion of T.

Proteases secreted by Trichinella spiralis intestinal infective larvae damage the junctions of the intestinal epithelial cell monolayer and mediate larval invasion.

The intestinal epithelium is the first natural barrier against Trichinella spiralis larval invasion, but the mechanism of larval invasion of the gut epithelium is not fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the excretory/secretory proteins (ESPs) of T. spiralis intestinal infective larvae (IIL) degrade tight junction (TJ) proteins, to assess the main ESP proteases hydrolysing TJ proteins using various enzyme inhibitors and to define the key invasive factors in IIL invasion of the gut epithelium.

The relationship between transforming growth factor β superfamily members (GDF11 and BMP4) and lumbar spine bone mineral density in postmenopausal Chinese women.

Purpose: The relationship between transforming growth factor β superfamily members (GDF11 and BMP4) and bone metabolism remains controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between serum GDF11 and BMP4 levels and lumbar spine bone mineral density (LBMD) in a cohort of postmenopausal Chinese women.

Methods: This was a non-prospective cross-sectional study of 350 postmenopausal women with a mean age of 63.

Combined Dynamic Kinetic Resolution and C-H Functionalization for Facile Synthesis of Non-Biaryl-Atropisomer-Type Axially Chiral Organosilanes.

Although asymmetric C-H functionalization has been available for the synthesis of structurally diverse molecules, catalytic dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR) approaches to change racemic stereogenic axes remain synthetic challenges in this field. Here, a concise palladium-catalyzed DKR was combined with C-H functionalization involving olefination and alkynylation for the highly efficient synthesis of non-biaryl-atropisomer-type (NBA) axially chiral oragnosilanes. The chemistry proceeded through two different and distinct DKR: first, an atroposelective C-H olefination or alkynylation produced axially chiral vinylsilanes or alkynylsilanes as a new family of non-biaryl atropisomers (NBA), and second, the extension of this DKR strategy to twofold o,o'-C-H functionalization led to the multifunctional axially chiral organosilicon compounds with up to >99 % ee.

Association between ventricular repolarization variables and cardiac diastolic function: A cross-sectional study of a healthy Chinese population.

Background: Diastolic electromechanical couple, a well-described phenomenon in symptomatic heart failure, has not been well studied in healthy people. We hypothesized that ventricular repolarization variables, such as the QT interval, Tpeak-to-Tend (Tpe) interval and Tpe/QT ratio, are associated with cardiac diastolic function in the healthy Chinese population.

Aim: To assess the relationship between ventricular repolarization variables and cardiac diastolic function in apparently healthy Chinese individuals.

Development of EST-derived microsatellite markers to investigate the population structure of sparganum - the causative agent of zoonotic sparganosis.

The plerocercoid (sparganum) of Spirometra erinaceieuropaei is the main aetiological agent of human sparganosis. To improve the current knowledge on S. erinaceieuropaei evolution, we performed multi-locus microsatellite typing of sparganum isolates from China for the first time.

A comparative study of ultrasonic scalpel (US) versus conventional metal clips for closure of the cystic duct in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC): A meta-analysis.

Background: laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has become the gold standard surgery for benign gallbladder diseases. Metal clips are conventionally used to secure the cystic duct and artery, while monopolar electrocautery (ME) predominates during laparoscopic dissection. ultrasonic scalpel (US) has already been explored for sealing the cystic duct and artery as a sole instrument, which has been regarded as a reasonable alternative to clips.

The relationship between serum fibroblast growth factor 23, Klotho, and lumbar spine bone mineral density in northern Chinese postmenopausal women.

Objectives: Changes in serum protein levels of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and Klotho resulting from bone metabolism are still controversial. The purpose of this study was to observe the relationship between FGF23 and Klotho serum proteins and lumbar spine bone mineral density (LBMD) in northern Chinese postmenopausal women.

Methods: This was a community-based cross-sectional study carried out in Shenyang, a northern Chinese city.

Alignment System and Application for a Micro/Nanofluidic Chip.

In this paper, a direct pre-bonding technology after alignment of the chip is presented to avoid the post-misalignment problem caused by the transferring process from an alignment platform to a heating oven. An alignment system with a high integration level including a microscope device, a vacuum device, and an alignment device is investigated. To align the chip, a method of 'fixing a chip with microchannels and moving a chip with nanochannels' is adopted based on the alignment system.

A huge completely isolated duplication cyst complicated by torsion and lined by 3 different mucosal epithelial components in an adult: A case report.

Rationale: Intestinal or enteric duplication (ED) does exit as a rare congenital malformation of the gastrointestinal system clinically. It is a separate entity, but can be communicated with the gastrointestinal tract. It is characterized by a well-developed muscular wall and lumen endowed with ectopic mucosa, simulating a portion of normal bowel.

The role of splenectomy in lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis (AS).

The extensive performance of splenectomy worldwide for patients suffered from splenic trauma has given rise to high risks of postoperative complications, which has been attracting increasing attention in recent years. Nowadays the spleen is regarded as a versatile organ of the human body, invested with various excellent properties. The spleen has been recognized to take a great part in lipid metabolism.

Central Blood Pressure Parameters Correlate with Cardiac Structure and Function in Healthy Chinese Individuals without Cardiovascular Disease.

Purpose: To explore the relationship between central blood pressure (BP) parameters and cardiac structure and function parameters in healthy individuals.

Methods: Four hundred Chinese participants with no overt cardiovascular disease participated in this study. One hundred and seventy-one participants (42.