Single-cell landscape of intratumoral heterogeneity and tumor microenvironment remolding in pre-nodal metastases of breast cancer.

Background: The metastasis of cancer cells is influenced by both their intrinsic characteristics and the tumor microenvironment (TME). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying pre-nodal metastases of breast cancer remain unclear.

Methods: We integrated a total of 216,963 cells from 54 samples across 6 single-cell datasets to profile the cellular landscape differences between primary tumors and pre-nodal metastases.

Effect of Coal Particle Size on the Kinetics of Gas Hydrate Formation.

Coal and gas outbursts are one of the main factors that restrict access to high-quality coal, and the adoption of gas hydration solidification technology is expected to reduce the chance of such accidents. In this study, experiments were conducted on the kinetics of CH and CO hydrate formation in four coal particle size systems (C1:0.425-0.

Multi-omics integration analysis unveils heterogeneity in breast cancer at the individual level.

Identifying robust breast cancer subtypes will help to reveal the cancer heterogeneity. However, previous breast cancer subtypes were based on population-level quantitative gene expression, which is affected by batch effects and cannot be applied to individuals. We detected differential gene expression, genomic, and epigenomic alterations to identify driver differential expression at the individual level.

Bayesian model averaging by combining deep learning models to improve lake water level prediction.

Water level (WL) is an essential indicator of lakes and sensitive to climate change. Fluctuations of lake WL may significantly affect water supply security and ecosystem stability. Accurate prediction of lake WL is, therefore, crucial for water resource management and eco-environmental protection.

Synthetic viability induces resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer cells.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have revolutionized the treatment for multiple cancers. However, most of patients encounter resistance. Synthetic viability (SV) between genes could induce resistance.

The transcription factor Foxp1 regulates aerobic glycolysis in adipocytes and myocytes.

In recent years, lactate has been recognized as an important circulating energy substrate rather than only a dead-end metabolic waste product generated during glucose oxidation at low levels of oxygen. The term "aerobic glycolysis" has been coined to denote increased glucose uptake and lactate production despite normal oxygen levels and functional mitochondria. Hence, in "aerobic glycolysis," lactate production is a metabolic choice, whereas in "anaerobic glycolysis," it is a metabolic necessity based on inadequate levels of oxygen.

The Effect of GPX2 on the Prognosis of Lung Adenocarcinoma Diagnosis and Proliferation, Migration, and Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition.

Objective: To investigate the expression of glutathione peroxidase 2 (GPX2) in human lung adenocarcinoma tissues and its effect on the biological function of lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells.

Methods: The expression of GPX2 in lung adenocarcinoma and its effect on survival were analyzed by the TCGA database and the GEPIA 2 database. A total of 45 cases of primary lung adenocarcinoma tissue specimens and 45 cases of their paracancerous tissue specimens were collected, and the expression of GPX2 in the two types of tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry.

Co-Production of NDM-1 and OXA-10 β-Lactamase in Strain Causing Urinary Tract Infection.

In this study, we describe, for the first time, the co-existence of and in a carbapenem-resistant strain DY2019 isolated from a patient with urinary tract infection in China. We aimed to investigate the genomic context of two β-lactamase-producing plasmids and characterize the transmission mechanism of the carbapenemase-encoding gene. Whole-genome sequencing of strain DY2019 was performed with Nanopore and Illumina platforms, which revealed a chromosome sequence with the length of 4,830,928 bp, an IncC group plasmid pDY2019-OXA (size of 178,134 bp), and a novel IncHI2 group plasmid pDY2019-NDM (length 348,495 bp).

Stool Samples of Acute Diarrhea Inpatients as a Reservoir of ST11 Hypervirulent KPC-2-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae.

The emergence and spread of carbapenem-resistant hypervirulent sequence type 11 (ST11-CR-HvKP) in China are a great concern in the public health community. However, the underlying mechanism that enables its wide dissemination in China remains unclear. Here, we investigated the prevalence of carriage of carbapenemase-producing (CPE) among inpatients with diarrhea in a teaching hospital over 1 year to identify ST11-CR-HvKP reservoirs and to understand the genetic background and plasmid profiles of these pathogens.

Co-Existence of and in an Strain Isolated from the Pharmaceutical Industry, WWTP.

Abstract: The emergence of the plasmid-borne colistin-resistant gene () poses a great threat to human health. What is worse, the recent observations of the co-existence of with other antimicrobial resistance genes in some bacteria cause further concern. Here, we present the first report of a wild strain that co-carries an encoding phage-like IncY plasmid (pR15_MCR-1) and a encoding IncX3 plasmid (pR15_NDM-5) from a pharmaceutical industry, wastewater treatment plant, in China.

Occurrence and Genomic Characterization of Two MCR-1-Producing Escherichia coli Isolates from the Same Mink Farmer.

The spread of colistin resistance gene at the animal-human interface remains largely unknown. This work aimed to investigate the molecular characteristics of two extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing strains with , i.e.

Genomic characterisation of a colistin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae ST11 strain co-producing KPC-2, FloR, CTX-M-55, SHV-12, FosA and RmtB causing a lethal infection.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to characterise the genomic and phenotypic characteristics of a colistin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate causing a lethal infection that was phenotypically resistant to carbapenems and colistin.

Methods: Whole-genome sequencing was performed on an Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform. Genome annotation was performed by the Rapid Annotation using Subsystem Technology (RAST) server.

Detection and Genomic Characterization of a Isolate From China That Produces NDM-5.

The increasing prevalence and transmission of the carbapenem resistance gene has led to a severe threat to public health. So far, has been widely detected in various species of and different hosts across various cities. However, there is no report on the harboring In January 2016, the first NDM-5-producing L241 was found in a stool sample of a patient diagnosed as recurrence of liver cancer in China.

Expression of IL-17A, E, and F and their receptors in human prostatic cancer: Comparison with benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa) are the most common urological diseases in elderly men. Although studies suggest the cytokine family might be associated with BPH and PCa, there has been no systematic comparisons of expression of IL-17A, E, F and their receptors, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and changes in structural cells in PCa and BPH.

Methods: Immunohistochemistry was employed to evaluate immunoreactivity for IL-17A, E, F and their receptors IL-17RA, IL-17BR, and IL-17CR, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and changes in structural cells including endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and smooth muscle cells in prostate tissues from subjects with PCa or BPH as well as controls.

Gluconate 5-dehydrogenase (Ga5DH) participates in Streptococcus suis cell division.

Bacterial cell division is strictly regulated in the formation of equal daughter cells. This process is governed by a series of spatial and temporal regulators, and several new factors of interest to the field have recently been identified. Here, we report the requirement of gluconate 5-dehydrogenase (Ga5DH) in cell division of the zoonotic pathogen Streptococcus suis.

The two-component system Ihk/Irr contributes to the virulence of Streptococcus suis serotype 2 strain 05ZYH33 through alteration of the bacterial cell metabolism.

Streptococcus suis serotype 2 (S. suis 2) is an important zoonotic pathogen. It causes heavy economic losses in the pig-farming industry and can be associated with severe infections in humans, e.

Insight into the interaction of metal ions with TroA from Streptococcus suis.

Background: The scavenging ability of sufficient divalent metal ions is pivotal for pathogenic bacteria to survive in the host. ATP-binding cassette (ABC)-type metal transporters provide a considerable amount of different transition metals for bacterial growth. TroA is a substrate binding protein for uptake of multiple metal ions.

An unexpected similarity between antibiotic-resistant NDM-1 and beta-lactamase II from Erythrobacter litoralis.

NDM-1 (New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase) gene encodes a metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL) with high carbapenemase activity, which makes the host bacterial strain easily dispatch the last-resort antibiotics known as carbapenems and cause global concern. Here we present the bioinformatics data showing an unexpected similarity between NDM-1 and beta-lactamase II from Erythrobacter litoralis, a marine microbial isolate. We have further expressed these two mature proteins in E.

GI-type T4SS-mediated horizontal transfer of the 89K pathogenicity island in epidemic Streptococcus suis serotype 2.

Pathogenicity islands (PAIs), a distinct type of genomic island (GI), play important roles in the rapid adaptation and increased virulence of pathogens. 89K is a newly identified PAI in epidemic Streptococcus suis isolates that are related to the two recent large-scale outbreaks of human infection in China. However, its mechanism of evolution and contribution to the epidemic spread of S.

Exploring membrane and cytoplasm proteomic responses of Alkalimonas amylolytica N10 to different external pHs with combination strategy of de novo peptide sequencing.

Identification of differentially proteomic responses to external pHs would pave an access for understanding of survival mechanisms of bacteria living at extreme pH environment. We cultured Alkalimonas amylolytica N10 (N10), a novel alkaliphilic bacterium found in Lake Chahannor, in media with three different pHs and extracted the correspondent membrane and cytoplasm proteins for proteomic analysis through 2-DE. The differential 2-DE spots corresponding to the altered pHs were delivered to MALDI TOF/TOF MS for protein identification.

Functional definition and global regulation of Zur, a zinc uptake regulator in a Streptococcus suis serotype 2 strain causing streptococcal toxic shock syndrome.

Zinc is an essential trace element for all living organisms and plays pivotal roles in various cellular processes. However, an excess of zinc is extremely deleterious to cells. Bacteria have evolved complex machineries (such as efflux/influx systems) to control the concentration at levels appropriate for the maintenance of zinc homeostasis in cells and adaptation to the environment.